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20 March 2018, Volume 55 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of Different Varieties, Densities and Sowing Dates on Cotton of No-Mulching Drip-Irrigated Cultivation in Southern Xinjiang WU Bo, LIAN Wen-ming,YU Shu-xun,MAO Shu-chun, LI Ke-fu,LI Wei-ping 2018, 55(3): 393-404.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1288KB) ( )   【Objective】 To reveal the effects of varieties, densities and sowing dates under no-mulching drip-irrigated cultivation on the growth of cotton to provide data support and theoretical basis for no-mulching rip-irrigated cultivation techniques in Southern Xinjiang. The suitable varieties, densities and sowing dates were screened.【Method】The experiments were carried out in Korla, Alar and Tumushuke, respectively. The no-mulching drip-irrigated cultivation methods and the split-split plot design were performed to investigate the effects of variety, density, sowing date on growth duration, yield components, agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and fiber quality of cotton.【Result】Test results proved that the variety and sowing date had great influence on the growth of cotton, and the yield of early-maturing variety of cotton with shorter growth period was higher. With the sowing date postponed, the growth period was prolonged and the seed cotton yield, boll number per plant, lint percentage, ratio of yield before frost decreased gradually, which led to certain effects on agronomic traits and fiber quality. With the increasing of density, the boll number per plant, plant height, the number of fruit branches, fruit node numbers decreased gradually, which had no significant effect on the yield and fiber quality of the seed cotton. 【Conclusion】Zhong No. 619 variety has earlier maturity and high yield, which can be used as a suitable cultivar for no-mulching drip-irrigated cultivation in southern Xinjiang. The suitable sowing date is April 15 to 25. 225,000 plants/hm2 per hectare has the highest yield in the 3 planting densities, which is regarded as a suitable planting density.

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Research on Exogenous Hormones Sensitivity on Plant Height of a Semi-Dwarf Mutant in Upland Cotton ZHOU Yong, ZHANG Xiao-hong, Miriguli Mamuti, MA Dun, ZHOU Xiao-yun 2018, 55(3): 405-413.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1293KB) ( )   【Objective】 The aim of this study is to illuminate the sensibility of the exogenous hormones to plant height of a dwarf mutant in upland cotton so as to determine which kind of hormone sensitivity the mutant belongs to, which will facilitate dissecting the relationship between the genetic basis of plant height and hormonal regulation in cotton.【Method】The cultivated upland cotton variety Xinluzao 17 and its dwarf mutant were used as experimental materials. The plant height variations of the two cottons were observed under different hormone types and different concentrations.【Result】The mutant was approximately three-quarters of the plant height of Xinluzao17, which indicated that the mutant was a typical semi-dwarf mutant in upland cotton. After the cottons were treated with GA3, the plant height of Xinluzao17 was higher than that of the mutant. Treated with 50 mg/L GA3, plant height of the mutant could be resumed to the plant height of Xinluzao17, a normal plant height cultivar. It suggested that the plant height of the mutant was sensitive to GA3. The order of the effects of phytohormone on cotton plant height was GA3> BR> IAA. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the plant height had a significant positive correlation with GA3. It further suggested that the mutant was a GA3 sensitive dwarf.【Conclusion】The mutant is a typical semi-dwarf in upland cotton. The plant height of the mutant is sensitive to exogenous GA3.

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Effects of Spring Irrigation Temperature and Water on Soil Salinity during the Non-crops Growing Season in Cotton Field with Drip Irrigation YUE Chun-fang, SUN Zhen-zhen, LI Yi-zhen 2018, 55(3): 414-419.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1194KB) ( )   【Objective】 The long-term drip irrigation in Xinjiang oasis irrigation area resulted in the accumulation of salt in the soil, and the rational irrigation in the non-crops growing season has a certain leaching effect on the soil salt. To study the effect of irrigation temperature and irrigation water on soil salinity and to provide a reasonable irrigation scheme for irrigation area in non-crops growing season. 【Method】Six irrigation schemes for cotton fields were formulated, field experiments were carried out in Korla area, Bazhou, Xinjiang, and the soil salt content under these six irrigation schemes was detected. Finally the effects of irrigation amount and temperature on soil salinity in non-crops growing season irrigation were analyzed through the experimental results. 【Result】Among the three irrigation water schemes: 2,250 m3/hm2, 1,800 m3/hm2 and 1,350 m3/hm2, 2,250 m3/hm2 was a better one. The effect of desalination under the situation that ground temperature was 5℃, the atmospheric temperature at 12℃ was better than that when the ground temperature was 10℃ and the effect of irrigation at 17℃ was even better. the atmospheric temperature is 17℃.【Conclusion】The results showed that the more irrigation water, the better soil leaching effect. Under the same irrigation amount, temperature has a great influence on the desalination effect of soil. Besides, due to the strong evaporation of the experimental area, the rate of salt back to soil is very fast, so the spring irrigation time should not be too early.

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Effect of Integration of Water, Fertilizer and Soil Amendment on Cotton Yield Improvement and Soil Salt Control ZHANG Qing-wei, Aikebaier Yilahong, ZHAO Jing-wen, ZHANG Wen-tai 2018, 55(3): 420-429.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1634KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to study the effect of increasing the application of soil amendment on cotton yield and soil salt control in saline-alkali soil on the basis of drip irrigation and fertilization under the integrated film of field water and fertilizer.【Method】The experiment was carried out in Shawan County in 2017. There were five fertilization treatments in the experiment: control (no fertilization), conventional fertilizers, conventional fertilizers + soil amendment, special fertilizers and special fertilizers + soil amendment. Each treatment was repeated 3 times and set in a randomized block in the experimental plot. The determinant indicators were cotton yield, dry biomass, soil pH and soil conductivity.【Result】The conventional fertilizers + soil amendment was the best. The average effective bolls were 6.8 per plant. The average single boll weight was 5.95 g, and the cotton yield was 6,640 kg/hm2,which was 17.4% higher than that by conventional fertilizers treatment. Soil amendment could reduce soil pH. Soil conductivity at 0 cm from the dripper was lower than that at 30 cm, indicating fertigation was effective for washing salt. 【Conclusion】The addition of soil amendment can increase effective cotton bolls and promote boll weight, and can effectively increase cotton yield and reduce soil pH to improve soil environment.

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Selection of Superior Varieties (Lines) of Seed-watermelon Based on Growth Pperiod and Economic Yield LIU Hua-jun, CHEN You-qiang, LIN Ming, BAI Xiao-shan, DENG Chao-hong, PAN Jing-hai, LI Cheng-ye 2018, 55(3): 430-438.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1151KB) ( )   【Objective】 To further screen out fine seed-watermelon varieties (lines), and exploit the development potential of Xinjiang seed-watermelon.【Method】In this study, the growth period and economic yield of 12 seed-watermelon varieties (lines) were recorded by 11 indexes, and comprehensive evaluation was carried out by principal component analysis.【Result】The longest period of whole growth period was 1612, the average was 119.33 d, the shortest growth period was 1607, 1608, and the average was 112 d. The weight of the line 1614 was the highest (24.53 g). The results of principal component analysis showed that the highest score of economic output was 1614 and 1612, the highest score of growth period factor was 1614, the highest score of nutrition growth determinant was 1618, the highest score was 1612, followed by 1614.【Conclusion】The growth period is closely related to the growth and development of economic output and the seed melon, 100 grain weight and whole the growth period was positively related to the grain number and flowering period was negatively correlated with flowering; grain weight was negatively correlated; varieties (lines) 1614, 1612 comprehensive evaluation respectively ranked first and second, respectively, which proved that they can be used as a key material for its proper growth period, good economic yield and high yield potential.

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Effects of High Temperature Stress on Physiological Characteristics on Jujube Seedlings JIN Juan, YANG Lei, FAN Ding-yu, HAO Qing 2018, 55(3): 439-447.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (1484KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the adaptation mechanism of sour and hui jujube seedlings to high temperature stress.【Method】Sour jujube and hui jujube seedlings were used as the materials, plug experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of 45℃ high temperature treatment at different time (0, 1, 3, 5 d) on relative conductivity, malonaldehyde, osmotic substances content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the photosynthetic pigments in leaves of sour jujube and huizao jujube seedlings.【Result】Leaf relative conductivity of sour jujube seedlings increased significantly only on the 5th-day high temperature treatment compared with the control treatment, which was 18.1% higher than that of the CK, but no significant differences were observed in leaf MDA content among all the treatments. The relative electrical conductivity and MDA content in leaves of Zizyphus jujuba seedlings increased significantly, and the cell membrane system was damaged seriously. As the high temperature treatment time prolonged, the soluble sugar content in leaves of sour jujube seedlings first decreased and then increased, proline, SOD and CAT activity significantly increased, the soluble sugar, SOD activity of hui jujube seedlings first decreased and then increased, proline and CAT activity significantly increased. High temperature treatment had no significant effect on leaf soluble protein, POD activity of sour jujube and hui jujube seedlings. The photosynthetic pigment content in the leaves of jujube and gray jujube seedlings was significantly decreased by high temperature treatment, and the decrease rate of photosynthetic pigment content in the leaves of wild jujube seedlings was smaller than that of gray jujube seedlings.【Conclusion】With the extension of high temperature stress time, soluble sugar, proline content, SOD and CAT activities in leaves of sour and hui jujube seedlings increased, and the content of photosynthetic pigments decreased. Moreover, the cell membrane stability of the leaves of jujube was stronger than that of the seedlings of Zizyphus jujuba, which showed that sour jujube seedlings had stronger heat resistance.

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Effects of Different Fertilization on Soil Nutrient Content and Leaves in Jujube Orchard FU Qian-wen, SONG Feng-hui, SHI Yang-jian, WU Zheng-bao, Mahemuti Abulaiti 2018, 55(3): 448-456.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1075KB) ( )   【Objective】 This paper aims to explore the effects of different methods of fertilization on soil nutrient absorption of jujube and root in order to provide a theoretical reference for the efficient fertilization technology of jujube.【Method】Four different methods of fertilization (furrow fertilization, hole fertilization, radial fertilization and broadcast fertilization) were used. The content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil were determined regularly, the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were measured during fruit enlargement period and mature period to analyze the effects of different fertilization on absorption and utilization change of soil nutrients in jujube orchard.【Result】Different methods of fertilization could promote the improvement of soil fertility, the influence on the 0-20 cm soil layer was more obvious, and radial fertilization was the most significant. The effect of radial fertilization on the content of organic matter was the most significant, and the furrow fertilization was the second during the whole growth cycle of red jujube. Furrow fertilization, hole fertilization and radial fertilization could significantly improve the soil total nitrogen content, the radial fertilization was the most significant, compared to CK, it increased by 0.18 g/kg and 12.66 mg/kg respectively. Furrow fertilization, hole fertilization and radial hole fertilization had significant effects on soil available phosphorus and available potassium content, the influence of hole fertilization on soil available phosphorus was the most significant, compared with CK, it increased by 26.38 mg/kg. The effect of radial fertilization on quick effect potassium was the most significant; it increased by 81 mg/kg. The four methods of fertilization had significant effects on the content of phosphorus in leaves. Radial fertilization and hole fertilization had significant effects on contents of nitrogen and potassium in leaves, the effects of radial fertilization on the changes of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were the most significant.【Conclusion】The application of radiation fertilization can effectively increase the soil nutrient content and obviously improve the nutrient absorption effect of the leaves.

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Effects of Two Types of Expression Vectors on Biological Characteristics of Acidovorax citrulli HUANG Cheng-wen, WANG Xi-dong, LIU Jun, YANG Dong-sheng, Gunisaha Matoheti, Reziwan Aobuli 2018, 55(3): 457-467.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (1565KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to analyze the effects of two types of expression vectors on the biological characteristics ofAcidovorax citrulli in the hope of providing a theoretical reference for the study of gene function.【Method】The wild type FC440 strains of watermelon acid bacteria were transferred into the expression vectors pBBR1MCS-5 and pHC60 respectively. Then the extracellular cellulase activity, extracellular protease activity, extracellular polysaccharide content, mobility, pathogenicity and hypersensitive reaction were obtained and the effects of growth rate and copper resistance on the biological characteristics of the transformed strain were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that vector pBBR1MCS-5 had no significant effect on the biological characteristics ofAcidovorax citrulli, but vector pHC60 significantly inhibited the growth rate and motility of the strain. 【Conclusion】During the study of gene function, the expression vector itself may affect some biological characteristics ofAcidovorax citrulli. It is necessary to choose an appropriate expression vector while exploring the function of a gene.

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Comprehensive Evaluation of Different Concentration IBA Effects on the Survival Rate of Yellow Sprouted Bud Cuttings of Different Big Fruit Hazelnut Cultivars Gulmira Kakix, Muhtar Zari, Mahmut Ablat, SHI Yan-jiang, SONG Feng-hui 2018, 55(3): 468-476.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (1164KB) ( )   【Objective】 To improve the survival rate and rooting quality of yellow sprouted bud cuttings of big fruit Hazelnut cultivars and then to effectively enhance the utilization rate of yellow sprouted buds.【Method】Yellow sprouted bud cuttings of big fruit Hazelnut cultiver Xinzhen No. 1 (84-254), No. 2 (82-11) and No. 3 (84-310) were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different concentration indole butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting rate, root growth parameters and the plant aboveground parts growth parameters of cuttings, and the membership function was used for comprehensive evaluation. 【Result】There were some different effects of different concentrations IBA on rooting rate, root growth parameters and the plant aboveground parts growth parameters of yellow sprouted bud cuttings of big fruit Hazelnut different cultivars. Among them, when the concentration of IBA was 5 mmol/L, the rooting range on cutting, per plant shoots number and shoots length, shoot full bud number of Xinzhen No. 1 were the highest; the percentage of rooting, rooting index and per plant root number of Xinzhen No. 2 were the highest; per plant root length, average root diameter and rooting range on cutting of Xinzhen No. 3 were the highest. When the concentration of IBA was 7.5 mmol/L, the per plant root length, rooting range on cutting, per plant shoots number, per plant shoots length and shoots full bud number of Xinzhen No. 1 were the highest; the percentage of rooting, rooting index and per plant root number of Xinzhen No. 2 were also the highest; average root diameter and rooting range on cutting of Xinzhen No. 3 were the highest. When the concentration of IBA was 10 mmol/L, the per plant root length, rooting range on cutting and shoots full bud number of Xinzhen No. 1 were the highest; the Root number of per plant of Xinzhen No. 2 was the highest; the percentage of rooting, rooting index, average root diameter, rooting range on cutting, per plant shoots number and shoots length of Xinzhen No. 3 were the highest. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between root number and root length of per plant, average root diameter and rooting range on cutting also reached extremely significant level, the correlation coefficient (R) were -0.897 and 0.911, respectively; there was a significant correlation level expressed among the rooting range on cutting and per plant shoots number, per plant shoots length and shoots full bud number, stem diameter of rooting range and per plant shoots length, the correlation coefficients were 0.750, 0.771, 0.749 and 0.753, respectively.【Conclusion】Yellow sprouted bud cuttings of Xinzhen No. 1 has a better comprehensive performance under the treatment with 5 mmol/L IBA concentration (membership function scoring average value is 0.64), the Xinzhen No. 2 has a better comprehensive performance under the treatment with 7.5 mmol/L IBA concentration (membership function scoring average value is 0.73), and the Xinzhen No. 3 has a better comprehensive performance under the treatment with 10 mmol/L IBA concentration (membership function scoring average value is 0.70).

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Leaf Spectral Characteristics and Its Sensitivity to N in Different Vegetative Growth Stages of Turnips ZHUANG Hong-mei,WANG Qiang,HAN Hong-wei,LIU Hui-fang,WANG Hao 2018, 55(3): 477-489.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1367KB) ( )   【Objective】 The sensitive period of leaf spectral index was studied by analyzing the leaf spectral reflectance in the response to Nitrogen (N) fertilizer at different growing stages of different turnip cultivars in Xinjiang aiming to provide a non-invasive,simple and rapid nutrition diagnosis of N.【Method】The spectral reflectance of different turnip seedling stages, leaf growth exuberant stage, fleshy root growth peak stage and mature stage were measured by Unispec-SC spectrometer with different turnip cultivars as the test material.【Result】The fluctuation of leaf spectral reflectance of different turnip cultivars depended on the wavelengths at all the growing stages,and the least variation was in the range of visible wavelength. The leaf spectrum indexes (ND705) of different turnip cultivars were significant (P < 0.05) and extremely significant (P < 0.01) different at all growing stages.【Conclusion】Spectral sensitive period of foliar N concentration varied during different growing stages. The sensitive period for leaf spectral nutrition diagnosis in response to N of long and yellow turnip, Xinxing round turnip, American turnip and Tiandihe turnip were leaf exuberant growth period. The sensitive period for leaf spectral nutrition diagnosis in response to N of Xinxing round turnip (second generation) turnip are leaf exuberant growth period and fleshy root growth stage. The seedling stage and fruit mature period can be used to distinguish several varieties of turnip diagnosis of nitrogen sensitive growth stage.

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Research on Soil Nutrient Content Estimated Model by Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data QI Ya-qin, ZHANG Xian-feng, ZHANG Li-fu, LV Xin, ZHANG Ze , CHEN Jian, LI Xin-wei, WANG Fei, PENG Kui 2018, 55(3): 490-495.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1053KB) ( )   【Objective】 To obtain the real-time, non-contact and non-destructive information of main nutrients (TN, TP and TK) of farmland soil quickly.【Method】Soil nutrient content model was established by spectral feature analysis techniques and sensitive wavebands.【Result】NDI-based estimates of the soil nutrient content prediction model with exponential function model(YTN =0.000,5 e4.700,3 xNDI)was the best to estimate TN; a cubic function model(YTP =802.27 xNDI3-412.32 xNDI2+72.357 xNDI-3.318,9)was the best to estimate TP; a cubic function model(YTK =80,189 xNDI3-11,471 xNDI2+490.57 xNDI+13.879)was the best to estimate TK content.【Conclusion】The results showed that the hyperspectral remote sensing quantitative model based on normalized spectral index (NDI) can be used to invert the content of TN, TP and TK in soil and achieve a good prediction effect through the precision evaluation of the model and repeated verification in fields.

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Hierarchical Study on Nutrient Contents of Macroelements and Fertilization Measures in Orchard Soil in Yecheng County, Xinjiang WU Xiang-lin, WANG Zhi-guo,CHEN Shu-huang 2018, 55(3): 496-501.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1102KB) ( )   【Objective】 This paper aims to study the nutrient content and classification of abundant elements in orchard soil in Yecheng County, Xinjiang and put forward reasonable fertilization suggestions.【Method】Based on 782 soil samples data in Yecheng County orchard: five nutrient indexes, including hydrolysis nitrogen, effective phosphorus, rapidly-available potassium, total nitrogen and organic matter, the variation coefficient of soil nutrient was analyzed, and according to soil classification standard and soil status, the soil nutrients were classified.【Result】The nutrient variation coefficient of soil in Yecheng County orchards was within the range of 20.86% and 69.08%, and all nutrients were of medium variability. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen and rapidly-available potassium content were low, while effective phosphorus content was at medium or low levels, and content of hydrolyzed nitrogen was at medium high level.【Conclusion】The nutrient level of a large amount of elements in orchard soil of Yecheng County is generally low, so it is suggested that use of organic fertilizer should be taken seriously. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure sufficient and reasonable application of NPK fertilizer, especially application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to guarantee high quality and yield of crops in the season.

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Effects of Feeding Different Target Pests on the Growth, Development and Adult Fecundity of Chrysoper carnea DING Rui-feng, Ahtam Uwais, PAN Hong-sheng, LI Hao-bin, LI Hai-qiang, WANG Dong-mei, LIU Jian 2018, 55(3): 502-508.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (1056KB) ( )   【Objective】 To research into the growth, development and adult fecundity of Chrysoper carnea (Stephens) fed with different target pests.【Method】By feeding Aphis gossypii, Tetranychus turkestani and egg of Sitotroga cerealella to larva of Chrysoper carnea to study its duration, mortality and fecundity.【Result】Through laboratory bioassay method, the larva of Chrysoper carnea fed with Tetranychus turkestani only developed to 2nd instar, and was unable to complete their life. The growth pupal period of Chrysoper carnea fed with Aphis gossypii was shorter than that of the treatment fed with egg of Sitotroga cerealella, the 1st and 2nd instar of larva on development period were significantly different, and the adult emergence rate, preoviposition period, egg-laying number and life span of female were higher than those fed with egg of Sitotroga cerealella, but there was no significant difference between them.【Conclusion】The growth period, mortality, eclosion rate and fecundity per female of Chrysoper carnea were significantly different to those fed with different target pests, which verified that although larva of Chrysoper carnea could prey on some insects (mite), but some prey's nutrition failed to satisfy its development.

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Effects of Main Meteorological Factors on the Population Fluctuation of Loxostege sticticalis:Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)in Habahe County Aziguli Abulizi, Aibibaimu Yiming, Sajidamu Aizezi, WANG Gan-cheng, Yasen Shali 2018, 55(3): 509-517.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (1157KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the relation between the main meteorological factors to the population fluctuation of Loxostege sticticalis.【Method】During the period of 2015 and 2016 the systematic analysis of the effects of the main meteorological factors on the population dynamics of L. sticticalis in the Habahe County was carried out.【Result】The population of L. sticticalis reached the peak between mid-June and mid-July. The regression analysis indicated that the average temperature, maximum and minimum temperature, relative air humidity, precipitation and sunshine hours were the main meteorological factors affecting the population fluctuation of L. sticticalis. The increase of maximum temperature and minimum temperature limited the increase of L. sticticalis.【Conclusion】The average temperature and relative humidity in Habahe County during June and August are conducive to the growth and development of L. sticticalis, and therefore L. sticticalis is the most rampant during this time.

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Study of Remote Sensing Monitoring for the Damage of Apocheima cinerarius on Tugai forest in Middle Reaches Area of the Tarim River Based on Time Series QIU Lin, WANG Lei, LUO Lei, ZHENG Jiang-hua 2018, 55(3): 518-527.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (1639KB) ( )   【Objective】 The study aims to explore a large area monitoring method for the damage of Apocheima cinerarius larvae on Tugai forest in middle reaches area of the Tarim River. 【Method】This paper made use of satellite HJ A/Bsatellite CCD data to construct monitoring model in Tarim National Nature Reserve based on time series for monitoring the damage of Apocheima cinerarius on Tugai forest. 【Result】In April 2017, NDVI average value of Tugai forest increased first, decreased in late April, and shortly afterwards the NDVI began to rise again; From middle of April to early May, when the larva of spring geometrid was mainly at the 3rd instar, 4th instar and 5th instar, the forest of Apocheima cinerarius was seriously damaged, and its monitoring accuracy was as high as 85%. However, from late March to early April, when the first instar and 2nd instar were the dominant larvae, Populus euphratica was less harmful and its monitoring accuracy was lower than 5. The result showed that the forest of Populus euphratica in Luntai County, west of the study area, was damaged first, then the east part of Yuli County was damaged afterwards.【Conclusion】China's HJ satellite can effectively monitor the damage of Apocheima cinerarius on Tugai forest in middle reaches area of the Tarim River, but only when the Tugai forest damage is serious, the accuracy is high. From the time point of view, from mid-April to early May, the larvae of Apocheima cinerarius were 3, 4 and 5 years old, this was the main period of the serious harm of the spring inchworm. From a spatial point of view, because of the earlier spring moth in the west of the study area, the Tugai forest was damaged first, and because the spring geometrid occurred relatively late in Yuli County on the east side, the Tugai forest was damaged later by the Apocheima cinerarius.

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Evaluation of Main Agronomic Traits of Agaricus bisporus Varieties JIA Pei-song, LUO Ying, JIA Wen-jie, Nurziya Yarmamat, HAO Jing-zhe, WANG Zhen-jin, LI Ya-ya, WEI Peng 2018, 55(3): 528-534.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (1125KB) ( )   【Objective】 To screen out high yield and quality varieties of Agaricus bisporus suitable for Xinjiang, through evaluating of the main agronomic traits of them in the hope of providing basic materials for the demonstration and promotion of these varieties. 【Method】Four Agaricus bisporus varieties were tested in comparison with the main cultivar AS2796 in Xinjiang, and the characteristics of biological, cultivation and commodity were evaluated.【Result】The yields of W192 and SBG003 varieties were higher than that of AS2796 (7.98 kg/m2), and their yield was increased by 4.54% and 3.97% respectively. While their hypha growth was strong and white, the hyphae of the gas is few, the fruiting body shape was full and the product phase was better.【Conclusion】The W192 and SBG003 varieties have some advantages over AS2796 in biological characters, cultivation traits and commercial characters with good potential for demonstration and extension.

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Discussion on the Principle of Selecting Spatial Characteristic Parameters of Solar Greenhouse Morphology with Low Energy Consumption YANG Feng-guang, CHEN Chao, MA Cai-wen, LI Yin, Han Feng-tao, LI Ya-ru, ZOU Ping 2018, 55(3): 535-547.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (1868KB) ( )   【Objective】 To build solar greenhouses with low energy consumption, thus improving the passive utilization rate of solar energy from off-season vegetable production and other plants production in the key growth period and reducing the demand for heating in greenhouses.【Method】Based on the theory of building thermal design and building simulation analysis method, this project studied the influence of building space shape characteristic parameters on greenhouse light and heat environment construction. Combined with the architectural characteristics of solar greenhouse, and the characteristics of off-season vegetable crop production process of light and thermal environment requirement characteristics, the design conditions of spatial morphological parameters of solar greenhouse with low energy consumption were given.【Result】The results showed that the the height span ratio of solar greenhouse in the same area was affected by the change of span, only associated with changes in local outdoor air temperature and solar radiation intensity. During Dashu to Xiaoman of the next year, the horizontal projection length of the rear roof did not affect the solar illumination of the vegetable crops in rear rows in the solar greenhouses. To ensure that the northern wall receive solar light during the Winter Solstice's day to Greater Cold's day had an important influence on the solar energy utilization in solar greenhouse during the off-season vegetable crop production period in winter.【Conclusion】Based on this design principle, the accumulative heat load of optimal design greenhouse is less 15.7% than the existing greenhouse in Beijing. The research results can provide important design basis and method reference for the optimization design key parameters of low energy consumption solar greenhouse morphology.

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Research on Area Information Extraction of Cotton Field Based on UAV Visible Light Remote Sensing LI Lu-man, GUO Peng, ZHANG Guo-shun, ZHOU Qian, WU Suo-zhi 2018, 55(3): 548-555.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1325KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to use object-oriented image classification method to extract the planting information of the visible light remote sensing image of the UAV in the hope of providing a new method for extracting large-scale farmland information and improving the speed and precision of classification results.【Method】The study selected fixed-wing UAV equipped with a camera and obtained the visible light images of 135th regiment farm of the eighth division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. With the help of eCognition software platform, using the object-oriented method, the cotton planting information in the study area was extracted for experiments.【Result】The planting area of cotton extracted by visual interpretation was 0.35 km2,and that by object-oriented approach was 0.33 km2. The results showed that this method could effectively extract the cotton planting area in the study area, and the classification accuracy reached 94.29%, error of 5.71%.【Conclusion】Compared with traditional pixel-based classification methods, using the object-oriented classification method to extract the range information of visible light images captured by UAV has higher extraction accuracy and is greatly closer to visual interpretation.

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Study on Reasonable Grazing Intensity in Nalati Mountain Meadow Steppe WANG Wei,RAN Hua-rong,AN Sha-zhou ,GUO Ji-ming,LIU Yan-li 2018, 55(3): 556-563.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (1287KB) ( )   【Objective】 To make clear the rational carrying capacity of poisonous grass in mountain meadow and study the characteristics of grassland vegetation and population of Aconitum leucostomum under different grazing intensities.【Method】The mountain meadow of Nalati was taken as the research object, and the unit weight gain of sheep, the characteristics of population of A. leucostomum and index of grassland quality under different grazing intensities (lightly grazing 13.5 sheep/hm2, moderately grazing 20.3 sheep/hm2, heavily grazing 26.3 sheep/hm2, extremely grazing 33.0 sheep/hm2) were studied.【Result】(1) With the increase of grazing intensity, the biomass, height and coverage of edible forage grass gradually decreased, and the biomass of edible forage grass and the quality index of grassland in grazing plots were significantly reduced by 32.2%-70.2%, 23.6%-65.7% (P<0.01) compared CK plot. (2) The important value of A. leucostomum gradually decreased with the increase of grazing intensity, and the grazing plots was significantly higher than that (51.5%-114.7%) of the CK plot (P<0.01). (3) There was a significant (P<0.05) or very significant (P<0.01) negative correlation relationship between grazing intensity and unit weight gain of sheep, biomass of edible forage grass, index of grassland quality, but there was a significant positive correlation between the grazing intensity and the important value of A. leucostomum (P<0.01).【Conclusion】Considering the economic and ecological benefits, the reasonable grazing intensity of herbaceous meadow was 20.0 sheep / hm2

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Effects of Two Mechanical Harvest Modes on Alfalfa Yield and Quality JING Peng-cheng, LU Wei-hua, MA Chun-hui, ZHANG Fan-fan, WANG Shu-lin, JIN Sheng-fei 2018, 55(3): 564-571.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (1228KB) ( )   【Objective】 To study the effects of different mechanical harvest patterns on the yield and quality of alfalfa.【Method】Two kinds of mechanical harvesting models, CLAAS series machinery and New Holland series machinery were studied and field experiments were conducted to verify the effects of two mechanical models on alfalfa yield and nutritional quality.【Result】The yield and density of hay harvested by New Holland series machinery was significantly higher than those of the hay harvested by CLAAS series machinery (P<0.05), while the moisture content of straw bundles was significantly lower than that of the hay harvested by CLAAS series machinery. The nutrient loss of alfalfa was not different in cutting stage. The nutrient loss of clover was higher than that of New Holland (P<0.05) and RFV was also lower than that of New Holland after mechanical operation.【Conclusion】The comprehensive comparison of the two mechanical harvesting models showed that the alfalfa hay had less nutrient loss and better quality when New Holland series mechanical harvesting model was used.

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Exploration of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Genome's 5'-end Sequences Amplification by Conventional PCR Method ZHU Yan, MIAO Shu-kui, MA Wen-ge, LI Jin-na, WEI Yu-rong, WANG Ping, WEI Jie, MI Xiao-yun, HUANG Jiong 2018, 55(3): 572-580.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (1202KB) ( )   【Objective】 To amplify the 5'-end sequences of the FMDV genome.【Method】RNA frozen in liquid nitrogen of FMDV O/Akesu/58 CE39A strain was reverse-transcribed to cDNA, which was amplified, cloned and sequenced for the 5' terminal sequences.【Result】With the cDNA1 and cDNA3 as templates, LA Taq DNA polymerase,EX Taq DNA polymerase,PrimeSTAR HS DNA polymerase, and three pairs of primers Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were used to amplify the 5'end fragment, but failed. Only when LA Taq DNA polymerase were used as the amplification enzyme, the cDNA2 as the template, and two pairs of primers Ⅰ, Ⅱ the expected fragment of the FMDV 5' terminal fragment could be amplified. And the tested sequences length were 787 bp and 797 bp, homology analysis of nucleotide sequences were 86.2% and 86.3% between the determined and reference sequences.【Conclusion】Compared with other methods, the conventioanl PCR method possesses the advantages of low cost and simple operation in spite of its low efficiency. In this experiment, 72 PCR was carried out, and the success rate was 6/72, which indicated that the amplification of FMDV 5' terminal sequences was difficult, and the inversion of the primers and amplification primers should be rationally designed. The experiment has provided an alternative for the research of reverse genetics of a lot of RNA viruses.

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Research on the Performance of Working Capital Management of Agricultural Enterprises Based on the Channel Theory CHEN Jing, LI Xiao-jian 2018, 55(3): 581-588.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.03.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (1105KB) ( )   【Objective】 Taking agricultural enterprises as the research object, combining the current situation of the working capital channel management of agricultural enterprises, this project aims to study how to improve the performance of the working capital management of the agricultural enterprises according to the theory of channel management.【Method】Based on the theoretical analysis, this paper put forward the hypothesis that the turnover period of purchasing, production and marketing channels of agricultural enterprises was negatively related to the comprehensive performance of enterprises, and an analytical model was established on the basis of theoretical analysis. According to the historical data of 56 sample companies from 2010 to 2015, the data were sorted out by using measurement software, and the data were analyzed by SPSS software. Besides, the principal component factor analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the relationship between the turnover period of each channel and the comprehensive performance of the enterprise by using Eviews software. 【Result】The multiple linear regression model was constructed and it was concluded that the working capital period of the procurement channel was positively related to the performance level of the agricultural enterprise, however, there was a negative correlation between the turnover period of working capital of production channel and marketing channel and the comprehensive performance of enterprise, that was, the shorter the turnover period of working capital, the higher the level of corporate performance.【Conclusion】Combining with the current situation management, the paper has put forward the methods and suggestions for the agricultural enterprise working capital channel management: to strengthen procurement channels to promote the supplier business model operation, to improve production channels to perfect internal business processes, to adjust marketing mode to better the working capital management performance in agricultural enterprises.