Relationship between main agronomic traits and yield per plant of upland cotton reciprocal cross F2∶3 families

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between yield per plant and main agronomic characters of cotton. Which is of great significance for enriching basic materials of cotton breeding and breeding excellent hybrids. 【Methods】 90 and 78 F_2∶3 families derived from Xuzhou 142 and Line 9 were analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis,regression analysis and path analysis. Then the relationship between the plant height,the number of fruit branches,the number of effective fruit branches,the number of bolls,the number of effective bolls,the weight of single boll and the coat fraction of each cotton plant was analyzed. 【Results】 Phenotypic analysis showed that F_2∶3 families had abundant variation,most of the characters showed typical quantitative genetic characteristics,and there was widespread hyperparental separation,and the heterosis of each character was obvious. There were significant positive correlations between seed cotton yield per plant and lint yield per plant and plant height,number of fruit branches,number of effective fruit branches,number of bolls,and number of effective bolls and weight of single boll. Two kinds of principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,PC₁ represented cotton boll growth factors and PC₂ represented the comprehensive selection factor of lint fraction and boll weight. The direct path coefficient of effective boll number was the largest,which contributed the most to the yield per plant. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the effective boll number contribut the most to cotton yield,and selecting cotton with more effective boll number is an important way to breed high-yielding varieties. At the same time,the weight of single boll,the lint percentage and the number of effective fruit branches should also be considered. The finding of this study is beneficial to the breeding of new hybrid lines of cotton in different directions.

Key words: upland cotton; F_2∶3famicy; reciprocal cross; variation

摘要：

【目的】研究棉花单株产量与主要农艺性状之间的关系,为丰富棉花育种的基础材料和培育优良杂交种提供依据。【方法】以陆地棉徐州142和系9的正反交组配合衍生的90和78份F_2∶3家系,采用相关性分析、主成分分析、回归分析和通径分析等方法,研究组合的株高、果枝数、有效果枝数、铃数、有效铃数、单铃重和衣分等指标和棉花单株皮棉产量的关系。【结果】F_2∶3家系具有丰富的变异,大部分性状表现出典型数量遗传特点,普遍存在超亲分离现象,各个性状的杂种优势表现明显。单株籽棉产量和单株皮棉产量与株高、果枝数、有效果枝数、铃数、有效铃数和单铃重间均呈极显著正相关。提取了两类主成分,PC₁代表棉铃生长因子;PC₂代表衣分和铃重综合选择因子。有效铃数直接通径系数最大,对棉花单株产量贡献最大。【结论】有效铃数对棉花产量贡献最大,选择有效铃数多的棉花品种是高产品种选育重要途径,但也要考虑单铃重、衣分和有效果枝数,有利于培育棉花新杂交系。

关键词: 陆地棉, 正反交, F_2∶3 家系, 变异

CLC Number:

S562

ZHAO Kang, REN Dan, LIANG Weiwei, PANG Bo, MA Shangjie, ZHANG Mengyuan, GAO Wenwei. Relationship between main agronomic traits and yield per plant of upland cotton reciprocal cross F_2∶3 families[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(1): 19-25.

赵康, 任丹, 梁维维, 庞博, 马尚洁, 张梦媛, 高文伟. 陆地棉正反交F_2∶3家系主要农艺性状与单株皮棉产量的关系[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 19-25.

Figures/Tables 6

References 21

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性状 Trait		株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	铃数 Boll number per plant	有效铃数 Effective boll number per	铃重 Boll weight (g)	单株皮棉产量 Lint yield per plant (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
亲本 Parents	系9	49.33	6.67	6.33	11.00	10.00	-	-	-
亲本 Parents	徐州142	63.33	8.33	6.67	7.67	7.67	6.06	17.67	38.03
徐州142 Xuzhou × 系9 Line 9	最小值	59.00	6.67	4.00	4.67	4.67	3.52	6.31	16.80
	最大值	96.33	13.67	11.00	19.00	19.00	6.47	31.30	47.11
	均值	74.93	9.61	8.03	11.49	11.07	4.82	17.51	32.62
	标准差	7.45	1.15	1.45	3.24	3.13	0.63	6.34	5.21
	变异系数 CV(%)	9.94	11.93	18.01	28.17	28.30	13.12	36.19	15.96
系9 Line 9 × 徐州142 Xuzhou	最小值	51.00	5.67	5.00	6.33	6.00	3.43	5.85	22.69
	最大值	85.67	11.67	11.00	17.67	17.33	6.39	37.88	40.56
	均值	73.36	9.29	7.90	11.50	11.00	4.59	16.44	32.31
	标准差	6.58	1.18	1.18	3.02	2.87	0.59	5.56	3.57
	变异系数 CV(%)	8.97	12.66	14.99	26.21	26.09	12.85	33.80	11.04
t值t value		1.45	1.73	0.62	-0.04	0.15	2.43^*	1.16	0.44

性状 Trait		株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	铃数 Boll number per plant	有效铃数 Effective boll number per	铃重 Boll weight (g)	单株皮棉产量 Lint yield per plant (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
亲本 Parents	系9	49.33	6.67	6.33	11.00	10.00	-	-	-
亲本 Parents	徐州142	63.33	8.33	6.67	7.67	7.67	6.06	17.67	38.03
徐州142 Xuzhou × 系9 Line 9	最小值	59.00	6.67	4.00	4.67	4.67	3.52	6.31	16.80
	最大值	96.33	13.67	11.00	19.00	19.00	6.47	31.30	47.11
	均值	74.93	9.61	8.03	11.49	11.07	4.82	17.51	32.62
	标准差	7.45	1.15	1.45	3.24	3.13	0.63	6.34	5.21
	变异系数 CV(%)	9.94	11.93	18.01	28.17	28.30	13.12	36.19	15.96
系9 Line 9 × 徐州142 Xuzhou	最小值	51.00	5.67	5.00	6.33	6.00	3.43	5.85	22.69
	最大值	85.67	11.67	11.00	17.67	17.33	6.39	37.88	40.56
	均值	73.36	9.29	7.90	11.50	11.00	4.59	16.44	32.31
	标准差	6.58	1.18	1.18	3.02	2.87	0.59	5.56	3.57
	变异系数 CV(%)	8.97	12.66	14.99	26.21	26.09	12.85	33.80	11.04
t值t value		1.45	1.73	0.62	-0.04	0.15	2.43^*	1.16	0.44

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	铃数 Boll number per plant	有效铃数 Effective boll number per	铃重 Boll weight	单株皮棉产量 Lint yield per plant	衣分 Lint percentage
株高 Plant height	1
果枝数 Fruit branch number	0.399^**	1
有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
铃数 Boll number per plant	0.372^**	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
有效铃数 Effective boll number per	0.392^**	0.372^**	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
铃重 Boll weight	0.083	0.392^**	0.372^**	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
单株皮棉产量 Lint yield per plant	0.388^**	0.321^**	0.621^**	0.775^**	0.772^**	0.567^**	1
衣分 Lint percentage	0.150	-0.053	-0.042	-0.012	-0.028	0.406^**	0.480^**	1

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	铃数 Boll number per plant	有效铃数 Effective boll number per	铃重 Boll weight	单株皮棉产量 Lint yield per plant	衣分 Lint percentage
株高 Plant height	1
果枝数 Fruit branch number	0.399^**	1
有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
铃数 Boll number per plant	0.372^**	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
有效铃数 Effective boll number per	0.392^**	0.372^**	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
铃重 Boll weight	0.083	0.392^**	0.372^**	0.447^**	0.399^**	1
单株皮棉产量 Lint yield per plant	0.388^**	0.321^**	0.621^**	0.775^**	0.772^**	0.567^**	1
衣分 Lint percentage	0.150	-0.053	-0.042	-0.012	-0.028	0.406^**	0.480^**	1

自变量 Independent variable	逐步回归模型 Stepwise regression model	R²	F值	P值
铃数Boll number per plant	LYPP=-0.64+1.486TBN	0.598	249.355	<0.001
铃数Boll number per plant、铃重Boll weight	LYPP=-21.507+1.1.392TBN+4.782BW	0.842	445.153	<0.001
铃数Boll number per plant、铃重Boll weight、衣分Lint percentage	LYPP=-30.357+1.427TBN+3.412BW+0.459LP	0.942	901.896	<0.001
铃重Boll weight、衣分Lint percentage、有效铃数Effective boll number per	LYPP=-31.987+3.591BW+0.459LP+1.515EBN	0.968	1 705.436	<0.001
铃重Boll weight、衣分Lint percentage、有效铃数Effective boll number per 有效果枝数Effective fruit branch	LYPP=-33.241+3.677BW+0.461LP+ 1.414EBN+0.294EFBN	0.970	1 347.01	<0.001