Comprehensive analysis of main agronomic traits of maize

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.010

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 865-871.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.010

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Cultivation Physiology·Germplasm Resources • Previous Articles Next Articles

Comprehensive analysis of main agronomic traits of maize

DONG Xiuli¹^,²(), HAN Dengxu¹^,³, YANG Jie¹^,³, Abuleti Abula¹(), DAI Aimei²(), LI Junjie², WANG Yejian¹, LIU Jun¹, XI Haojiang¹, LIANG Xiaoling¹, LI Mingdong¹

1. Research Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,MOARA,Urumqi 830091,China
2. In Xinjiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Bozhou, Bole Xinjiang 833400,China
3. Xinjiang Crop Chemical Control Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2022-07-30 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-05-06
Correspondence author: Abuleti abula (1968-),male,kashgar,xinjiang,researcher,research direction: maize genetics and breeding,(E-mail) abletabl@163.com;DAI Aimei(1975-), female, wenquan,Xinjiang,Agricultural extension researcher, research direction: plant protection and promotion,(E-mail) 7628378@qq.cm
Supported by:
Major Scientific R & D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02002-2);Special Projects for Cultivating Scientific and Technological Innovation of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjkcpy-2020002);Special project for the construction of innovation environment (talents, bases) in Xinjiang Autonomous Region(PT2031);Tianshan Excellence Project Training Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022TSYCJC0056);Agriculture Research System (Maize) of Xinjiang Autonomous Region

密植条件下玉米主要农艺性状的综合性分析

董秀丽¹^,²(), 韩登旭¹^,³, 杨杰¹^,³, 阿布来提·阿布拉¹(), 戴爱梅²(), 李俊杰², 王业建¹, 刘俊¹, 郗浩江¹, 梁晓玲¹, 李铭东¹

1.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.博州农业技术推广中心,新疆博乐 833400
3.新疆作物化学调控工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091

通讯作者: 阿布来提·阿布拉(1968-),男,新疆喀什人,研究员,研究方向为玉米遗传育种,(E-mail)abletabl@163.com;戴爱梅(1975-),女,新疆温泉人,农业推广研究员,研究方向为植物保护,(E-mail)7628378@qq.com
作者简介:董秀丽(1983-),女,新疆温泉人,高级农艺师,研究方向为作物栽培,(E-mail)276007481@qq.cm
基金资助:
自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02002-2);新疆农科院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020002);自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项(PT2031);自治区天山英才青年科技拔尖人才专项(2022TSYCJC0056);新疆维吾尔自治区玉米产业技术体系

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This project aims to find out the main factor under the condition of dense planting corn in the hope of providing a scientific basis for screening out the corn varieties with density resistance, high yield and good quality suitable for planting in northern Xinjiang through comprehensive analysis of major agronomic traits and yield, such as plant height, ear height, spike length, the number of ear, spike grain weight and threshing moisture of maize varieties in northern Xinjiang. 【Methods】The yield and main agronomic traits of 18 medium-maturity maize varieties in northern Xinjiang were analyzed under the density of 105,000 plants/hm².【Results】Under the condition of close planting, the yield of the tested varieties was significantly different. There was significant positive correlation between grain yield and row number (r=0.565^*) and 100-grain weight (r=0.485^*). Nine agronomic traits of 18 maize varieties could explain 85.6% of yield variation. The optimized linear regression equation was Y=-16.391+0.469X₆+0.33X₈.【Conclusion】When selecting maize varieties under dense planting conditions in Bozhou area of northern Xinjiang, the varieties with slightly longer ear length, larger grain weight per ear, heavier 100-grain weight and fast dehydration should be selected. There are other agronomic traits that need to be considered as they interact, among them, Huaxi 704, Denghai 1707 and Huaxi 917 can be used as medium maturity spring sowing mulch maize cultivars in Bozhou, Xinjiang.

Key words: maize varieties; yield; agronomic traits; correlation

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆北疆地区玉米品种密植条件下的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粒数、穗粒重、脱粒含水量等主要农艺性状和产量的变化,找出该地区密植条件下玉米产量的主要因子,为筛选出适宜新疆北疆地区种植的耐密高产优质的玉米品种提供科学依据。【方法】采用北疆18个中熟玉米品种为材料,在10.5×10⁴株/hm²密度下,分析各参试玉米品种产量及主要农艺性状。【结果】在密植条件下各参试品种产量差异极显著;产量与行粒数(r=0.565^*)、百粒重(r=0.485^*)呈显著正相关;18个玉米品种的9个农艺性状可以解释85.6%的产量变异;优化后的线性回归方程为Y=-16.391+0.469X₆+0.33X₈。【结论】新疆北疆博州地区密植条件下选择玉米品种时,选择穗长稍长、穗粒重较大、百粒重较重且脱水快的品种,华西704,登海1707和华西917可作为新疆博州地区中熟春播地膜玉米栽培选择品种。

关键词: 玉米品种, 产量, 农艺性状, 相关性

CLC Number:

S512

DONG Xiuli, HAN Dengxu, YANG Jie, Abuleti Abula, DAI Aimei, LI Junjie, WANG Yejian, LIU Jun, XI Haojiang, LIANG Xiaoling, LI Mingdong. Comprehensive analysis of main agronomic traits of maize[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(4): 865-871.

董秀丽, 韩登旭, 杨杰, 阿布来提·阿布拉, 戴爱梅, 李俊杰, 王业建, 刘俊, 郗浩江, 梁晓玲, 李铭东. 密植条件下玉米主要农艺性状的综合性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 865-871.

Figures/Tables 6

References 20

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变异来源 Variance source	平方和 Squariance	df	均方 Mean square	F	显著性 significant
组间Between experimental groups	334.342	17	19.667	39.197	0.00
组内Within the experimental group	18.063	36	0.502
总数Total	352.406	53

变异来源 Variance source	平方和 Squariance	df	均方 Mean square	F	显著性 significant
组间Between experimental groups	334.342	17	19.667	39.197	0.00
组内Within the experimental group	18.063	36	0.502
总数Total	352.406	53

序号 Code	品种名称 Variety name	小区产量 Plot yield (kg)			折合产量 Equivalent yield (kg/hm²)	比CK增减 Increase compared with CK ± (%)	产量位次 Yield rank
序号 Code	品种名称 Variety name	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	折合产量 Equivalent yield (kg/hm²)	比CK增减 Increase compared with CK ± (%)	产量位次 Yield rank
1	康地5184	16.68	15.63	15.92	13 397.89^fGH	-24.18	17
2	新农001	21.55	20.19	20.44	17 273.09^bcBCD	-2.25	5
3	亿科9158	15.72	13.69	14.33	12 150.61^gH	-31.24	18
4	西亚3090	21.31	20.56	20.23	17 250.86^bcBCD	-2.37	6
5	华西917	21.98	21.13	22.00	18 087.02^bAB	2.36	3
6	华西918	18.08	19.75	18.66	15 692.45^dDE	-11.19	9
7	新农玉4320	18.51	18.00	18.34	15 236.87^eEF	-13.77	11
8	XY395	18.89	18.02	18.43	15 372.99^eEF	-13.00	10
9	登海1786	16.69	15.52	16.21	13 450.67^fGH	-23.88	16
10	Kws3376	18.27	17.65	18.11	15 009.08^deEFG	-15.06	12
11	登海1905	16.05	16.31	16.28	13 511.79^fGH	-23.53	15
12	新农002	17.39	16.93	17.15	14 297.94^efEFG	-19.09	13
13	亿科9254	16.52	16.56	16.65	13 814.58^fFGH	-21.82	14
14	亿科9254	18.61	19.95	19.13	16 025.80^cdCDE	-9.31	8
15	华西704	24.68	22.55	22.77	19 445.42^aA	10.05	1
16	登海1707	23.50	23.53	22.26	19 248.18^aA	8.93	2
17	禾山903	22.02	20.72	19.22	17 211.97^bcBCD	-2.59	7
18	华美1号	22.12	20.38	21.11	17 670.33^bBC		4

序号 Code	品种名称 Variety name	小区产量 Plot yield (kg)			折合产量 Equivalent yield (kg/hm²)	比CK增减 Increase compared with CK ± (%)	产量位次 Yield rank
序号 Code	品种名称 Variety name	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	折合产量 Equivalent yield (kg/hm²)	比CK增减 Increase compared with CK ± (%)	产量位次 Yield rank
1	康地5184	16.68	15.63	15.92	13 397.89^fGH	-24.18	17
2	新农001	21.55	20.19	20.44	17 273.09^bcBCD	-2.25	5
3	亿科9158	15.72	13.69	14.33	12 150.61^gH	-31.24	18
4	西亚3090	21.31	20.56	20.23	17 250.86^bcBCD	-2.37	6
5	华西917	21.98	21.13	22.00	18 087.02^bAB	2.36	3
6	华西918	18.08	19.75	18.66	15 692.45^dDE	-11.19	9
7	新农玉4320	18.51	18.00	18.34	15 236.87^eEF	-13.77	11
8	XY395	18.89	18.02	18.43	15 372.99^eEF	-13.00	10
9	登海1786	16.69	15.52	16.21	13 450.67^fGH	-23.88	16
10	Kws3376	18.27	17.65	18.11	15 009.08^deEFG	-15.06	12
11	登海1905	16.05	16.31	16.28	13 511.79^fGH	-23.53	15
12	新农002	17.39	16.93	17.15	14 297.94^efEFG	-19.09	13
13	亿科9254	16.52	16.56	16.65	13 814.58^fFGH	-21.82	14
14	亿科9254	18.61	19.95	19.13	16 025.80^cdCDE	-9.31	8
15	华西704	24.68	22.55	22.77	19 445.42^aA	10.05	1
16	登海1707	23.50	23.53	22.26	19 248.18^aA	8.93	2
17	禾山903	22.02	20.72	19.22	17 211.97^bcBCD	-2.59	7
18	华美1号	22.12	20.38	21.11	17 670.33^bBC		4

性状 Character	株高 Variety name X₁	穗位高 Plant height X₂	穗长 Ear length X₃	穗粗 Ear diameter X₄	突尖 Bald tip length X₅	行粒数 Number of rows X₆	穗粒重 Grain weight per ear X₇	百粒重 100 grain weight X₈	脱粒含水量 Threshing moisture X₉	小区产量 Plot yield Y
株高 X₁ Plant height		0.858^**	-0.064	-0.043	-0.056	-0.034	-0.063	0.084	-0.158	0.077
穗位高 X₂ Ear height	0.874^**		-0.191	-0.084	0.04	-0.058	-0.183	-0.077	-0.096	-0.167
穗长 X₃ Ear length	0.267	0.136		0.256	-0.076	0.388	0.752^**	0.366	0.22	0.177
穗粗 X₄ Ear width	0.096	0.035	0.413		-0.045	0.177	0.530^*	0.307	0.099	0.093
突尖 X₅ Bald length	-0.135	-0.033	-0.212	-0.114		0.152	0.116	0.311	0.027	0.315
行粒数 X₆ Number of rows	0.264	0.198	0.728^**	0.359	-0.052		0.424	-0.049	-0.426	0.454
穗粒重 X₇ Grain weight per ear	0.198	0.066	0.853^**	0.601^**	-0.043	0.677^**		0.533^*	0.364	0.16
百粒重 X₈ 100 grain weight	0.085	-0.067	0.248	0.295	0.3	-0.02	0.431		0.131	0.517^*
脱粒含水量 X₉ Threshing moisture	-0.143	-0.089	0.145	0.095	0.025	-0.29	0.289	0.131		-0.526^*
小区产量 Y Plot yield	0.216	-0.021	0.398	0.21	0.203	0.565^*	0.352	0.485^*	-0.484^*

Comprehensive analysis of main agronomic traits of maize

密植条件下玉米主要农艺性状的综合性分析

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项目 Item	未标准化系数 Non-standardized coefficient	标准误差 Standard error	标准系数 Standardized coefficient	t	显著性 Significance
常量 Constant	-16.391	13.858		-1.183	0.271
株高 X₁ Plant height	9.663	4.996	0.626	1.934	0.089
穗位高 X₂ Ear height	-14.69	6.717	-0.685	-2.187	0.06
穗长 X₃ Ear length	0.3	0.432	0.219	0.693	0.508
穗粗 X₄ Ear width	0.736	1.503	0.089	0.489	0.638
突尖 X₅ Bald length	0.468	0.565	0.141	0.828	0.432
行粒数 X₆ Number of rows	0.469	0.197	0.898	2.376	0.045
穗粒重 X₇ Grain weight per ear	-0.055	0.032	-0.823	-1.734	0.121
百粒重 X₈ 100 grain weight	0.33	0.114	0.647	2.906	0.02
脱粒含水量 X₉ Threshing moisture	-7.384	21.294	-0.085	-0.347	0.738

性状 Character	简单相关性 Simple CV	直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient	间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient
性状 Character	简单相关性 Simple CV	直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	合计 Total
株高 X₁ Plant height	0.216	0.626	-	-0.596	0.058	0.009	-0.019	0.237	-0.163	0.055	0.012	-0.407
穗位高 X₂ Ear height	-0.021	-0.685	0.545	-	0.030	0.003	-0.005	0.178	-0.163	-0.043	0.008	0.007
穗长 X₃ Ear length	0.398	0.219	0.167	-0.093	-	0.037	-0.030	0.654	-0.702	0.160	-0.012	0.014
穗粗 X₄ Ear width	0.21	0.089	0.060	-0.024	0.090	-	-0.016	0.322	-0.495	0.191	-0.008	0.061
突尖 X₅ Bald length	0.203	0.141	-0.085	0.023	-0.046	-0.010	-	-0.047	0.035	0.194	-0.002	0.147
行粒数 X₆ Number of rows	0.565^*	0.898^*	0.165	-0.136	0.159	0.032	-0.007	-	-0.557	-0.013	0.025	-0.497
穗粒重 X₇ Grain weight per ear	0.352	-0.823	0.124	-0.045	0.187	0.053	-0.006	0.608	-	0.279	-0.025	1.051
百粒重 X₈ 100 grain weight	0.485^*	0.647^*	0.053	0.046	0.054	0.026	0.042	-0.018	-0.355	-	-0.011	-0.215
脱粒含水量 X₉ Threshing moisture	-0.484^*	-0.085	-0.090	0.061	0.032	0.008	0.004	-0.260	-0.238	0.085	-	-0.309

性状 Trait	主成分 Principal components
性状 Trait	1	2	3	4
株高 Plant height	0.477	-0.762	0.342	0.137
穗位高 Ear height	0.348	-0.809	0.372	0.159
穗长 Ear length	0.891	0.124	-0.185	0.048
穗粗 Ear width	0.643	0.273	-0.034	0.046
突尖 Bared tip	-0.143	0.226	0.643	-0.551
行粒数 Row gtains	0.776	-0.122	-0.352	-0.399
穗粒重 Grain weight per panicil	0.916	0.324	0.011	0.04
百粒重 100-grain weight	0.36	0.419	0.625	-0.166
脱粒含水量 Threshing moisture	0.081	0.467	0.298	0.744
特征值 Characteristic root	3.154	1.889	1.307	1.093
贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	35.043	20.986	14.523	12.149
累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate (%)	35.043	56.029	70.552	82.701

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