Analysis of Representative Genetic Traits in Cotton after Crossing

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study is to study the direct and inverse crosses between upland cotton and Sea Island Cotton with the same parents, and with a view to provide providing reference for early breeding of stable agronomic traits in the field by studying the genetic variation of agronomic traits in the progenies and selecting excellent individuals. 【Method】 The F₂ segregation population of Upland Cotton TM-1 and Sea Island Cotton Xinhai 16 were used as materials. Then the variation coefficient, correlation analysis and principal component analysis of plant height, first node height, first node number, fruit branch number, effective branch number, boll number, effective boll number, single boll weight and lint percentage were compared. 【Result】 the coefficient of variation (CV) of reciprocal cross and reciprocal cross was analyzed. It was found that the coefficient of variation (CV) of boll number (0.51%) and effective boll number (0.47%) was the highest in the sea land population. The coefficients of variation of boll number (0.50%) and effective boll number (0.50%) were the highest in land and sea populations. In the analysis of population correlation, there were significant or extremely significant correlations between agronomic traits in the orthogonal population and the backcross population. In the first principal component analysis with higher eigenvalue, the highest number of fruit branches (0.878) and effective branches (0.895) were found in the sea land population, and the highest number of fruit branches (0.82) and effective branches (0.819) were observed in the land sea population. 【Conclusion】 There was no significant difference in agronomic traits between the direct and inverse crosses. The variation range of boll number and effective boll number in progeny population is wide, and the correlation between each character is significant. In principal component analysis, the contribution rate of fruit branch number and effective branch number is higher, so the fruit branch number, boll number, effective boll number and effective branch number are selected as the main characters of early breeding individual plant screening, and 40 excellent individual plants are selected, which can provide early selection for cross breeding.

Key words: cotton hybridization; agronomic traits; correlation; principal component analysis

摘要：

【目的】亲本相同的陆地棉与海岛棉正、反杂交,分析杂交后代群体农艺性状的遗传变异并筛选优异单株,为田间早期选育遗传稳定的农艺性状提供参考。【方法】以陆地棉TM-1和海岛棉新海16号的杂交种F₂分离群体为材料,对株高、始节高、始节数、果枝数、有效果枝数、铃数、有效铃数、单铃重、衣分进行变异系数、相关性分析、主成分分析比较。【结果】海陆群体中铃数(0.51%)和有效铃数(0.47%)变异系数最高。在陆海群体中铃数(0.50%)和有效铃数(0.50%)变异系数最高。正交群体和反交群体中各个农艺性状之间都有显著或极显著的相关性。在主成分分析中特征值较高的第一主成分中,海陆群体里值最高的是果枝数(0.878)和有效果枝数(0.895),在陆海群体中值最高的是果枝数(0.82)和有效果枝数(0.819)。【结论】在海陆杂交后代的群体中正交和反交群体之间农艺性状没有明显的差异。后代群体中铃数和有效铃数变异范围广,各个性状之间相关性显著。果枝数与有效果枝数贡献率较高,将果枝数、铃数、有效铃数、有效果枝数作为早期育种单株筛选的主要性状,筛选出40个性状优良的单株。

关键词: 棉花杂交, 农艺性状, 相关性, 主成分

CLC Number:

S-3
S562

REN Dan, HUANG Yajie, CUI Jinxin, PANG Bo, GAO Wenwei. Analysis of Representative Genetic Traits in Cotton after Crossing[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2358-2364.

任丹, 黄雅婕, 崔进鑫, 庞博, 高文伟. 棉花杂交后代表型性状遗传分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2358-2364.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1 Analysis of significant correlation between parents and F1 agronomic traits

项目 Item	株高 Plant height (cm)	始节高 Height of the first branchcm (cm)	始节数 Number of the first branch	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	总铃数 Boll number per plant	有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	单铃重 Single bell weight (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
TM-1	93.40±1.00^a	18.40±0.00^a	4.90±0.10^a	5.90±0.20^a	6.90±0.10^a	7.90±0.05^a	8.90±0.50^a	4.24±0.22^a	0.38±0.01^a
新海 16号	87.95±0.55^a	16.90±0.3^a	5.00±1.00^a	12.80±0.60^a	10.50±0.50^a	13.40±2.00^a	9.50±0.70^a	2.65±0.13^a	0.311±0.0 $1 a b$
HL 群体	73.00±2.00^a	14.66±1.66^a	4.00±0.3 $3 a b$	11.66±0.66^a	11.33±1.00^a	20.50±3.1 $6 a b$	17.83±0.50^b	4.05±0.05^a	0.325±0.005^b
LH 群体	91.33±6.33^a	20.16±0.1 $6 a b$	5.33±0.33^a	10.66±1^a	9.66±0.33^a	20.16±1.50^b	16.33±0.66^b	3.65±0.05^b	0.335±0.015^b

Table 1 Analysis of significant correlation between parents and F1 agronomic traits

项目 Item	株高 Plant height (cm)	始节高 Height of the first branchcm (cm)	始节数 Number of the first branch	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	总铃数 Boll number per plant	有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	单铃重 Single bell weight (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
TM-1	93.40±1.00^a	18.40±0.00^a	4.90±0.10^a	5.90±0.20^a	6.90±0.10^a	7.90±0.05^a	8.90±0.50^a	4.24±0.22^a	0.38±0.01^a
新海 16号	87.95±0.55^a	16.90±0.3^a	5.00±1.00^a	12.80±0.60^a	10.50±0.50^a	13.40±2.00^a	9.50±0.70^a	2.65±0.13^a	0.311±0.0 $1 a b$
HL 群体	73.00±2.00^a	14.66±1.66^a	4.00±0.3 $3 a b$	11.66±0.66^a	11.33±1.00^a	20.50±3.1 $6 a b$	17.83±0.50^b	4.05±0.05^a	0.325±0.005^b
LH 群体	91.33±6.33^a	20.16±0.1 $6 a b$	5.33±0.33^a	10.66±1^a	9.66±0.33^a	20.16±1.50^b	16.33±0.66^b	3.65±0.05^b	0.335±0.015^b

Table2 Descriptive statistical analysis of all traits in parents and populations

项目 Item		株高 Plant height (cm)	始节高 Height of the first branchcm (cm)	始节数 Number of the first branch	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	总铃数 Boll number per plant	有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	单铃重 Single bell weight (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
亲本 Parents	TM-1	94.40	18.40	4.80	10.60	6.80	8.00	7.80	84.76	32.06
亲本 Parents	新海16号	87.40	16.60	4.00	12.20	10.00	11.40	8.80	52.98	16.57
HL群体	平均值	85.79	4.55	22.21	11.76	11.00	17.94	14.73	2.52	0.38
	标准偏差	30.72	1.64	14.56	3.92	4.37	9.19	6.89	0.89	0.07
	偏度	-0.57	0.52	2.36	1.41	1.26	1.04	1.18	0.64	1.66
	峰度	0.90	-0.48	6.40	2.59	1.81	0.70	1.66	0.38	4.85
	最小值	11.00	2.00	7.00	8.00	6.00	5.00	5.00	0.83	0.27
	最大值	137.00	8.00	77.00	25.00	25.00	43.00	36.00	4.72	0.65
	变异系数(%)	0.36	0.36	0.66	0.33	0.40	0.51	0.47	0.35	0.19
LH群体	平均值	84.33	4.79	24.08	10.46	9.54	15.50	12.54	2.79	0.38
	标准偏差	11.30	1.14	7.01	2.67	2.75	7.72	6.24	1.06	0.08
	偏度	-1.11	1.02	0.46	0.16	0.17	0.73	1.02	0.64	0.77
	峰度	1.40	1.82	-0.25	1.18	0.33	0.09	3.36	-0.47	1.86
	最小值	54.00	3.00	12.00	4.00	4.00	4.00	0.00	1.26	0.22
	最大值	102.00	8.00	39.00	17.00	16.00	32.00	32.00	4.93	0.59
	变异系数/%	0.13	0.24	0.29	0.26	0.29	0.50	0.50	0.38	0.20

Table 3 Correlation analysis of agronomic traits in HL populations

项目 Item	株高 Plant height (cm)	始节高 Height of the first branchcm (cm)	始节数 Number of the first branch	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	总铃数 Boll number per plant	有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	单铃重 Single bell weight (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
株高Plant height(cm)	1
始节高 Height of the first branch(cm)	-0.09	1
始节数 Number of the first branch	0.13	0.63^**	1
果枝数 Fruit branch number	0.41^*	-0.50^**	-0.39^*	1
有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	0.38^*	-0.47^**	-0.32	0.93^**	1
总铃数 Boll number per plant	0.03	-0.24	-0.17	0.45^**	0.52^**	1
有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	0.12	-0.31	-0.16	0.60^**	0.63^**	0.83^**	1
单铃重 Single bell weight(g)	-0.19	0.24	0.06	-0.22	-0.28	-0.35^*	-0.35^*	1
衣分Lint percentage(%)	-0.19	0.12	0.09	-0.21	-0.26	-0.23	-0.31	0.08	1

Table 4 Correlation analysis of agronomic traits in LH.populations

项目 Item	株高 Plant height (cm)	始节高 Height of the first branchcm (cm)	始节数 Number of the first branch	果枝数 Fruit branch number	有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	总铃数 Boll number per plant	有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	单铃重 Single bell weight (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)
株高Plant height(cm)	1
始节高 Height of the first branch(cm)	-0.13	1
始节数 Number of the first branch	-0.40	0.60^**	1
果枝数 Fruit branch number	0.23	-0.32	-0.34	1
有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	0.22	-0.30	-0.33	0.90^**	1
总铃数 Boll number per plant	0.09	-.53^**	-.40^*	0.44^*	0.49^*	1
有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	-0.00	-.52^**	-0.27	0.51^**	0.53^**	0.71^**	1
单铃重 Single bell weight(g)	-0.14	-0.25	-.41^*	0.40	0.27	0.03	0.17	1
衣分Lint percentage(%)	-0.07	0.06	-0.18	-0.23	-0.34	0.09	-0.01	-0.07	1

Table 5 Principal component loading matrix of HL populations

项目Item	成分1	成分2	成分3
株高Plant height(cm)	0.351	0.478	0.715
始节高 Height of the first branch(cm)	-0.465	0.785	-0.023
始节数 Number of the first branch	-0.627	0.585	-0.147
果枝数 Fruit branch number	0.878	-0.026	0.286
有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	0.895	0.057	0.206
总铃数 Boll number per plant	0.722	0.214	-0.55
有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	0.811	0.239	-0.407
单铃重 Single bell weight(g)	-0.451	-0.218	0.182
衣分Lint percentage(%)	-0.379	-0.235	-0.051
特征值Eigenvable	3.829	1.397	1.162
贡献率Contribution rate(%)	42.545	15.519	12.913
累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate(%)	42.545	58.064	70.977

Table 6 Principal component loading matrix of LH populations

项目Item	成分1	成分2	成分3	成分4
株高 Plant height(cm)	0.282	-0.066	-0.882	0.252
始节高 Height of the first branch(cm)	-0.655	0.463	0.381	0.331
始节数 Number of the first branch	-0.698	0.343	-0.037	0.075
果枝数 Fruit branch number	0.82	0.389	-0.044	-0.028
有效果枝数 Effective fruit branch	0.819	0.443	-0.039	0.101
总铃数 Boll number per plant	0.742	-0.288	0.258	0.382
有效成铃数 Effective boll number per	0.756	-0.095	0.413	0.275
单铃重 Single bell weight(g)	0.426	0.111	0.125	-0.846
衣分 Lint percentage (%)	-0.149	-0.798	0.109	-0.042
特征值 Eigenvable	3.664	1.424	1.194	1.128
贡献率 Contribution rate(%)	40.713	15.821	13.264	12.538
累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate(%)	40.713	56.534	69.798	82.335

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