Effects of Different Rootstock Grafting on the Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Muskmelon

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.06.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different rootstocks on the growth, yield and fruit quality of grafted melon.【Methods】 Based on rootstock varieties Mingkehong 1, Shengqi 1, Yongqi 1, Shenli rootstock and Xinli 3 as rootstock, Huangpi 9818 as scion and grafting by grafting method, the survival rate, growth potential, fruit quality, sugar content, VC content and disease resistance were measured according to ungrafted 9818 as CK.【Results】 Compared with scion, the survival rate of pumpkin rootstock Shengzhen No.1 delayed by 2 days was the highest, reaching 93.26%, while the survival rate of Xinli 3 was the lowest, only 70%. In the growth period, the growth potential of Shengzhen 1 was the strongest, followed by Mingkehong 1. The other rootstocks were all weaker than the self-rooted seedlings, and the growth potential of Yongzhen 1 was the weakest, significantly different from self-rooted seedlings. Analysis of variance showed that the contents of heart sugar and side sugar in fruits of all rootstocks were significantly reduced, the weight of single melon, the thickness of flesh, and the differences from self-rooted seedlings were not significant, the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of Xinli 3 fruit were significantly different from those of self-rooted seedlings, and the differences among other rootstocks were not significant. Compared with the control group, except for the appearance of Shengzhen 1, the skin color of other rootstock fruits all changed significantly. The VC content of grafted melon fruits was lower than that of self-rooted seedling varieties. The total sugar content of grafted melon from Minkehong 1 was higher than that of self-rooted melon, while that of grafted melon from other rootstocks was lower than that of self-rooted melon at 9818. There was no significant difference in organic acid content, soluble solids and self-rooted seedlings, and grafting could effectively prevent the occurrence of blight.【Conclusion】 Combined with the results of survival rate, growth and development and fruit quality, this anvil Mingkehong 1 grafted melon 9818 has high survival rate, strong growth potential, good fruit quality and resistance to wilt. It is an excellent rootstock for melon grafting.

Key words: muskmelon; grafting; excellent rootstock; disease resistance

摘要： 【目的】研究不同砧木对嫁接甜瓜生长、产量和果实品质的影响,筛选出适合甜瓜嫁接的优质砧木。【方法】以砧木品种明科鸿1号、圣砧1号、甬砧1号、神力砧木和鑫力3号为砧木,以黄皮9818为接穗,采取靠接的方法嫁接,以未嫁接的9818号为照,测定成活率、生长势、果实品质、糖度、VC含量和抗病性。【结果】南瓜砧木圣砧1号比接穗延迟2 d播种成活率最高,可达93.26%,鑫力3号嫁接成活率最低,仅为70%。在生长期,圣砧1号的生长势最强,其次是明科鸿1号,其余品种砧木均弱于自根苗,甬砧1号生长势最弱,与自根苗差异显著。各砧木果实的心糖、边糖含量均显著降低,单瓜重、果肉厚度、与自根苗差异不显著,鑫力3号果实的纵径和横径与自根苗差异显著,其余砧木差异不显著。与对照相比,除圣砧1号的外观无变化外,其余砧木果实的皮色均变化明显,嫁接甜瓜果实的VC含量均低于自根苗品种,圣砧1号和鑫力3号较自根苗降低幅度最大,分别是33.14%和38.72%;明科鸿1号嫁接甜瓜果实的总糖含量高于自根苗,其余品种砧木嫁接甜瓜的总糖含量均低于自根苗9818;有机酸含量、可溶性固形物与自根苗均没有显著差异,嫁接能有效防止枯萎病的发生。【结论】砧木明科鸿1号嫁接甜瓜9818成活率高,生长势强,果实品质好且抗枯萎病,是甜瓜嫁接的优良砧木。

关键词: 甜瓜, 嫁接, 优良砧木, 抗病性

CLC Number:

S652

WANG Haojie, MAO Jiancai, LI Junhua, ZHAI Wenqiang. Effects of Different Rootstock Grafting on the Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Muskmelon[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(6): 1048-1054.

王豪杰, 毛建才, 李俊华, 翟文强. 不同砧木嫁接对甜瓜生长、产量和果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(6): 1048-1054.

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