油菜素内酯对甜瓜农药残留的降解作用分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.024

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (10): 2541-2550.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.024

• 植物保护·微生物·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

油菜素内酯对甜瓜农药残留的降解作用分析

杨世英¹^,²(), 马玉娥², 贾斌鑫¹^,², 华震宇², 沈琦¹^,², 刘峰娟²(), 王成²^,³()

1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐)/新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2023-01-28 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-11-01
通信作者: 王成(1971-),男,研究员,博士,研究方向为农产品质量与安全,(E-mail)wangcheng312@sina.com;刘峰娟(1985-),女,博士,研究方向为农产品质量与安全,(E-mail)liufengjuan2050@1236.com
作者简介:杨世英(1996-),男,山西运城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为食品加工与安全,(E-mail)978242215@qq.com
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25)

Study on degradation of pesticide residues in muskmelon by brassinolide

YANG Shiying¹^,²(), MA Yue², JIA Binxin¹^,², HUA Zhenyu², SHEN Qi¹^,², LIU Fengjuan²(), WANG Cheng²^,³()

1. College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Urumqi)/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R.C. / Research Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards & Testing Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2023-01-28 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-11-01
Correspondence author: WANG Cheng (1971-), male, doctor, research direction: quality and safety of agricultural products, (E-mail)wangcheng312@sina.com;LIU Fengjuan (1985-), female, doctor, research direction: quality and safety of agricultural products, (E-mail)liufengjuan2050@1236.com
Supported by:
China Agriculture Research System(CARS-25)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究油菜素内酯(brassinolide,BR)处理对甜瓜中啶虫脒、多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑、腈菌唑的降解作用及其机理。【方法】 以甜瓜为材料,喷施油菜素内酯和清水2种处理后,喷施农药,在2 h(0 d),1、3、5、7、9、15和24 d分别取样,测定甜瓜果实中农药残留含量、解毒酶活性、活性氧含量、解毒基因表达量以及代谢产物的变化。【结果】 与清水对照组相比,油菜素内酯处理组显著(P<0.05)降低了甜瓜果实中啶虫脒、多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑、腈菌唑的含量,减少丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)生成量,显著降低了超氧阴离子(O^2-)产生速率,保持较高解毒酶过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(L-phenylalaninammonia-lyase,PAL)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathionereductase,GR)活性,且使可溶性蛋白、还原型谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)、过氧化氢(Hydrogenperoxide,H₂O₂)含量保持在较高的水平。对超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbateacid,APX)无显著影响。6种解毒基因的表达量在一定程度上有所增加。【结论】 喷施油菜素内酯能提高甜瓜果实中解毒物质的含量、解毒酶的活性、解毒基因的表达量以及缓解活性氧代谢所产生的危害,使甜瓜果实中的农药残留含量降低。

关键词: 甜瓜; 农药残留; 油菜素内酯; 解毒酶及基因; 解毒物质; 活性氧代谢

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the degradation of acetamiprid, carbendazim, difenoconazole and nitriconazole in muskmelon treated with Brassinolide (BR) and its mechanism.【Methods】 Melons were treated with Brassinolide and clean water, and then sprayed with pesticides.Samples were taken at 2 h, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7d, 9 d, 15 d and 24 d respectively to determine the content of pesticide residues, detoxifying enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species content, detoxifying gene expression and metabolites in the muskmelon fruit.【Results】 Compared with the water control group, the brassinolide treatment group significantly (P<0.05) reduced the contents of acetamiprid, carbendazim, difenoconazole and nitriconazole in melon fruit, reduced the production of malonaldehyde (MDA), significantly reduced the production rate of superoxide anion (O^2-), and maintained a high detoxification enzyme catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and the contents of soluble protein, reduced glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) were maintained at a high level.It had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX).The expression of six detoxification genes increased to some extent.【Conclusion】 Spraying brassinolide can increase the content of detoxifying substances, the activity of detoxifying enzymes, the expression of detoxifying genes and alleviate the harm caused by reactive oxygen metabolism in melon fruit, and finally reduce the content of pesticide residues in melon fruit.

Key words: muskmelon; pesticide residues; brassinolide; detoxification enzymes and genes; detoxifying substances; active oxygen metabolism

中图分类号:

S652

杨世英, 马玉娥, 贾斌鑫, 华震宇, 沈琦, 刘峰娟, 王成. 油菜素内酯对甜瓜农药残留的降解作用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(10): 2541-2550.

YANG Shiying, MA Yue, JIA Binxin, HUA Zhenyu, SHEN Qi, LIU Fengjuan, WANG Cheng. Study on degradation of pesticide residues in muskmelon by brassinolide[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(10): 2541-2550.

图/表 6

图1 不同BR处理下甜瓜果实中4种农残含量变化

Fig.1 Effects of BR on the contents of four agricultural residues in melon fruit

图2 不同BR处理下甜瓜果实中农残含量变化

Fig.2 Effect of BR on pesticide residue content in melon fruit

图3 不同BR处理下对甜瓜果实中活性氧代谢变化

Fig.3 Effect of BR on active oxygen metabolism in melon fruit

图4 不同BR处理下对甜瓜果实中解毒酶活性变化

Fig.4 Effect of BR on detoxification enzyme activity in melon fruit

图5 不同BR处理下甜瓜果实中六种解毒基因表达量变化

Fig.5 Effect of BR on the expression of six detoxification genes in melon fruit

图6 不同BR处理下甜瓜果实中生理代谢变化

Fig.6 Effects of BR treatment on physiological metabolism in melon fruit

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油菜素内酯对甜瓜农药残留的降解作用分析

Study on degradation of pesticide residues in muskmelon by brassinolide

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