小白杏生理落果中多酚提取及体外抗氧化活性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 623-631.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.012

小白杏生理落果中多酚提取及体外抗氧化活性分析

李硕¹(), 尼格尔热依·亚迪卡尔¹^,²(), 朱金芳¹^,²(), 冯作山¹^,², 邓术升¹

1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆果品采后科学与技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 尼格尔热依·亚迪卡尔(1987-),女,新疆阿图什人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为药食两用植物功能性成分,(E-mail)nigary0115@sina.com;朱金芳(1976-),女,河南平顶山人,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为食药用天然产物,(E-mail)zjf7619@126.com
作者简介:李硕(1996-),男,河北虞城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为食品营养与安全,(E-mail)ls9900@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆杏产业技术体系专项资金项目(XJCYTX-03-05-2021)

Study on extraction and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.during physiological fruit-falling period

LI Shuo¹(), Nigeerreyi Yadikaer¹^,²(), ZHU Jinfang¹^,²(), FENG Zuoshan¹^,², DENG Shusheng¹

1. College of Food Sciences and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science and Technology of Fruit,Urumqi 830052,China

Received:2023-07-15 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-19
Correspondence author: Nigeerreyi Yadikaer(1987-), female, from Artush, Xinjiang, ph.D, associate professor, Master's supervisor,research field: food nutrition and safety,(E-mail)nigary0115@sina.com;ZHU Jinfang (1976-), female, from Pingdingshan, Henan, ph.D, professor, Doctoral supervisor,research field: study on natural products of food and medicine,(E-mail) zjf7619@126.com
Supported by:
Apricot Industrial Technology System Special Fund Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(XJCYTX-03-05-2021)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 优化小白杏生理落果中多酚提取工艺,并研究其提取物抗氧化活性。为小白杏生理落果抗自由基氧化功能食品的开发与利用奠定基础。【方法】 以生理落果小白杏为原料,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面试验确定最佳工艺,并用分光光度法测定多酚提取物的体外抗氧化活性。【结果】 小白杏多酚的最佳提取工艺为提取时间34 min、提取温度60℃、液料比21∶1、乙醇浓度70%,小白杏生理落果多酚得率为12.50 mg/g。验证试验结果与预测值相对标准偏差为1.31%,回归模型适用于小白杏多酚的提取。小白杏多酚清除ABTS⁺、DPPH、 $O 2 -$ 的IC₅₀值分别为66.35、55.84和103.00 μg/mL,其清除自由基的能力由强到弱依次为DPPH、ABTS⁺、 $O 2 -$ ;小白杏生理落果多酚对NO^2-的清除能力较弱。【结论】 小白杏生理落果多酚能不同程度地清除ABTS⁺、DPPH、 $O 2 -$ 、NO^2-,具有一定的体外抗氧化活性,可用作抗自由基氧化功能食品的原料。

关键词: 小白杏; 生理落果; 多酚; 提取; 响应面; 抗氧化

Abstract:

【Objective】 In this study,the extraction process of polyphenols from Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.during physiological fruit-falling period was optimized and the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol extract was analyzed.【Methods】 On the basis of single factor experiments,response surface method was used to determine the optimum process.The antioxidant activity in vitro was assayed with spectrophotometric method.【Results】 the suitable extraction conditions were ethanol volume fraction 70%,solid-liquid ratio 1∶21,extraction time 34 minute and temperature 60℃.Under these conditions,the polyphenol extraction yield was 12.50 mg/g.The relative standard deviation of the proved experiment was 1.31% compared with the predicted value,which indicated the regression model was suitable for the polyphenol extraction from A.vulgaris.during physiological fruit-falling period.The IC₅₀ of scavenging the free radicals of ABTS⁺,DPPH, $O 2 -$ were 63.55,55.84,103.00 μg/mL respectively.The results indicated that the ability of the polyphenol extraction to scavenge free radicals in the order was DPPH>ABTS⁺> $O 2 -$ .There is slightly lower scavenging ability of NO^2-.【Conclusion】 The findings would lays the foundation for the development and utilization of A.vulgaris.during physiological fruit-falling period in anti-free radical oxidation functional food.

Key words: Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.; green ripe stage; polyphenols; extraction; response surface; antioxidise

中图分类号:

S662.2

李硕, 尼格尔热依·亚迪卡尔, 朱金芳, 冯作山, 邓术升. 小白杏生理落果中多酚提取及体外抗氧化活性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 623-631.

LI Shuo, Nigeerreyi Yadikaer, ZHU Jinfang, FENG Zuoshan, DENG Shusheng. Study on extraction and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.during physiological fruit-falling period[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 623-631.

图/表 9

表1 Box-Behnken设计因素和水平

Tab.1 Factors and levels used in response surface analysis

因素 Factors	水平Level
因素 Factors	- 1	0	1
(A)提取时间 (A)Extract time(min)	30	40	50
(B)提取温度 (B)Extraction temperature(℃)	50	60	70
(C)液料比 (C)Liquid to material ratio(mL/g)	20∶1	25∶1	30∶1
(D)乙醇浓度 (D)Ethanol concentration(%)	60	70	80

图1 不同乙醇浓度下多酚得率变化

Fig.1 Effect of ethanol concentrations on Polyphenols yield

图2 不同提取温度下多酚得率变化

Fig.2 Effect of extraction temperatures on Polyphenols yield

图3 不同提取时间下多酚得率变化

Fig.3 Effect of extraction temperatures on Polyphenols yield

图4 不同液料比下多酚得率变化

Fig.4 Effect of liquid-solid ratio on Polyphenols yield

表2 响应面试验结果

Tab.2 Results of response surface experiment

试验号 Experi- ment number	提取时间 Extract- tion time (min)	提取温度 Extrac- tion temper- ature(℃)	液料比 Liquid to material ratio (mL/g)	乙醇浓度 Ethanol concen- tration(%)	多酚得率 Polyphenol yield (mg/g)
1	40	50	20∶1	70	7.108
2	40	60	25∶1	70	12.113
3	50	60	20∶1	70	6.826
4	50	60	25∶1	60	5.598
5	40	70	25∶1	60	5.322
6	40	50	25∶1	80	5.108
7	30	60	25∶1	80	6.023
8	40	60	25∶1	70	11.915
9	50	60	30∶1	70	9.597
10	50	70	25∶1	70	10.230
11	40	50	25∶1	60	3.324
12	40	70	30∶1	70	4.817
13	40	60	20∶1	60	6.401
14	30	60	30∶1	70	3.714
15	30	60	25∶1	60	4.919
16	40	70	25∶1	80	4.287
17	40	50	30∶1	70	7.210
18	40	60	25∶1	70	12.090
19	30	70	25∶1	70	3.912
20	50	50	25∶1	70	4.534
21	40	60	20∶1	80	7.400
22	30	60	20∶1	70	12.211
23	50	60	25∶1	80	4.627
24	40	60	25∶1	70	11.896
25	30	50	25∶1	70	9.371
26	40	60	30∶1	80	3.890
27	40	60	30∶1	60	4.681
28	40	60	25∶1	70	11.822
29	40	70	20∶1	70	10.258

表3 响应面结果方差

Tab.3 Regression model analysis of variance results

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Square	自由度 Freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value	显著性 Significance
模型Model	267.79	14	19.13	306.65	< 0.000 1	^**
A	0.13	1	0.13	2.13	0.166 5
B	0.39	1	0.39	6.3	0.025	^*
C	22.12	1	22.12	354.66	< 0.000 1	^**
D	0.099	1	0.10	1.59	0.228 1
AB	31.11	1	31.11	498.78	< 0.000 1	^**
AC	31.74	1	31.74	508.82	< 0.000 1	^**
AD	1.08	1	1.08	17.25	0.001	^*
BC	7.68	1	7.68	123.13	< 0.000 1	^**
BD	1.99	1	1.99	31.85	< 0.000 1	^**
CD	0.8	1	0.80	12.85	0.003	^**
A²	28.48	1	28.48	456.64	< 0.000 1	^**
B²	52.89	1	52.89	847.86	< 0.000 1	^**
C²	20.47	1	20.47	328.22	< 0.000 1	^**
D²	136.85	1	136.85	2 193.83	< 0.000 1	^**
残差Residual	0.87	14	0.06
失拟项Misfit term	0.81	10	0.08	4.96	0.068 3
纯误差Pure error	0.065	4	0.02
总和Sum	268.66	28
R²	0.996 7
$R a d j 2$	0.993 5

表3 响应面结果方差

Tab.3 Regression model analysis of variance results

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Square	自由度 Freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value	显著性 Significance
模型Model	267.79	14	19.13	306.65	< 0.000 1	^**
A	0.13	1	0.13	2.13	0.166 5
B	0.39	1	0.39	6.3	0.025	^*
C	22.12	1	22.12	354.66	< 0.000 1	^**
D	0.099	1	0.10	1.59	0.228 1
AB	31.11	1	31.11	498.78	< 0.000 1	^**
AC	31.74	1	31.74	508.82	< 0.000 1	^**
AD	1.08	1	1.08	17.25	0.001	^*
BC	7.68	1	7.68	123.13	< 0.000 1	^**
BD	1.99	1	1.99	31.85	< 0.000 1	^**
CD	0.8	1	0.80	12.85	0.003	^**
A²	28.48	1	28.48	456.64	< 0.000 1	^**
B²	52.89	1	52.89	847.86	< 0.000 1	^**
C²	20.47	1	20.47	328.22	< 0.000 1	^**
D²	136.85	1	136.85	2 193.83	< 0.000 1	^**
残差Residual	0.87	14	0.06
失拟项Misfit term	0.81	10	0.08	4.96	0.068 3
纯误差Pure error	0.065	4	0.02
总和Sum	268.66	28
R²	0.996 7
$R a d j 2$	0.993 5

图5 各因素交互作用下小白杏生理落果多酚得率变化

Fig.5 Effects of interaction of various factors on yield of polyphenolsfrom Armeniaca vulgaris Lam

表4 小白杏生理落果多酚体外抗氧化活性变化

Tab.4 Changes of basic index in apricot fruit during development

样品浓度 Sample concentration (μg/mL)	ABTS⁺清除率 ABTS⁺Clearance rate	DPPH清除率 DPPHClearance rate	$O 2 -$ 清除率 $O 2 -$ Clearance rate	NO^2-清除率 NO^2-Clearance rate
30	30.96±0.67	27.16±1.79	18.06±2.55	7.65±1.44
60	48.90±0.71	52.54±0.79	35.63±2.30	25.30±1.37
90	52.49±0.77	64.98±0.90	43.89±3.68	30.36±0.19
120	70.34±0.47	80.88±0.34	54.96±4.05	30.42±1.80
150	78.10±0.71	88.98±0.68	61.77±0.64	30.99±0.94

表4 小白杏生理落果多酚体外抗氧化活性变化

Tab.4 Changes of basic index in apricot fruit during development

样品浓度 Sample concentration (μg/mL)	ABTS⁺清除率 ABTS⁺Clearance rate	DPPH清除率 DPPHClearance rate	$O 2 -$ 清除率 $O 2 -$ Clearance rate	NO^2-清除率 NO^2-Clearance rate
30	30.96±0.67	27.16±1.79	18.06±2.55	7.65±1.44
60	48.90±0.71	52.54±0.79	35.63±2.30	25.30±1.37
90	52.49±0.77	64.98±0.90	43.89±3.68	30.36±0.19
120	70.34±0.47	80.88±0.34	54.96±4.05	30.42±1.80
150	78.10±0.71	88.98±0.68	61.77±0.64	30.99±0.94

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小白杏生理落果中多酚提取及体外抗氧化活性分析

Study on extraction and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.during physiological fruit-falling period

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