不同大豆品种在新疆生态区主要农艺性状表现及产量的相关分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (7): 1663-1670.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.012

• 大豆种质资源鉴定评价 • 上一篇下一篇

不同大豆品种在新疆生态区主要农艺性状表现及产量的相关分析

赵连佳¹(), 李淦², 徐麟¹, 颜国荣¹, 刘宁¹, 王帆¹, 邓超宏¹, 阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克¹, 王聪³, 王威¹()

1.新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部植物新品种测试(乌鲁木齐)分中心,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆心连心能源化工有限公司,新疆昌吉 832200
3.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2022-10-08 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-11
通信作者: 王威(1969-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,高级农艺师,研究方向为植物新品种DUS测试技术及种质资源,(E-mail)wangweiwlj@163.com
作者简介:赵连佳(1991-),男,河北邯郸人,助理研究员,研究方向为种质资源鉴定评价及植物新品种DUS测试,(E-mail)605113698@qq.com
基金资助:
农业农村部科技发展中心“申请保护品种DUS测试及已知品种数据库维护”项目;新疆农业科学院自主培育项目“新疆农作物种质资源优异特性挖掘与利用”(nkyzzpt-008);新疆昌吉州科技人才专项“庭州创新团队计划”项目(2021CT05)

Analysis of the main characters of soybean varieties in Xinjiang and their correlation with yield

ZHAO Lianjia¹(), LI Gan², XU Lin¹, YAN Guorong¹, LIU Ning¹, WANG Fan¹, DENG Chaohong¹, Abudukeyoumu Abudurezike¹, WANG Cong³, WANG Wei¹()

1. Institute of Crop Variety Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Urumqi Sub-Center for DUS Testing of New Varieties of Plants,MARA, Urumqi 830091,China
2. Xinjiang Xianlianxin Energy&Chemical Co. Ltd, Changji Xinjiang 832200,China
3. College of Agricultural, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052,China

Received:2022-10-08 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-11
Correspondence author: WANG Wei(1969-),male,Urumqi,Xinjiang,Senior Agronomist,Research direction:DUS testing technology for new plant varieties and Research and utilization of germplasm resources,(E-mail)wangweiwlj@163.com
Supported by:
Fund project:DUS testing of protected varieties and maintenance of known variety databases of Development Center of Science and Technology, MARA;Exploration and Utilization of Excellent Characteristics of Crop Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang,Self cultivation of XAAS(nkyzzpt-008);Science and Technology Talent Special Project "Tingzhou Innovation Team Plan" Project By Xinjiang Changji Prefecture(2021CT05)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】评价不同大豆种质资源在新疆生态区的表现。【方法】以27份国内大豆种质资源为材料,测定11个主要农艺性状并进行变异系数、相关性、主成分、通径及聚类分析,综合评价其在新疆生态区的表现及产量。【结果】大豆主要数量性状具有丰富的变异,其变异系数达8.3%~78.8%。有效分枝数变异系数最大,百粒重变异系数最小。产量与有效分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数和单株粒重呈显著或极显著正相关,与底荚高度呈极显著负相关,而底荚高度与单株粒数和单株粒重呈极显著负相关。总共提取了3个主成分,累积贡献率达75.98%,影响产量的主要性状有单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重。建立产量与单株粒数、百粒重、单株粒重之间的线性回归方程Y=-1 989.985+39.429X₈+150.432X₁₀+23.137X₉,决定系数为R²=0.887。单株粒数(0.863)和单株粒重(0.739)在决定大豆产量中较百粒重(0.155)更为重要。系统聚类分析在欧氏距离为15水平上将供试材料划分为七大类群,第I、III和VI类群株高83 cm左右、生育期117 d左右,分枝少,产量高,属于中熟类型。【结论】适宜在新疆生态区种植,垦丰14、绥农29、合农62、黑农52、黑农61。中黄30、新丰1号、中黄54、黑农51、黑农55、黑农63生育期普遍在140 d左右,偏晚熟,不宜在新疆生态区种植。

关键词: 大豆; 相关分析; 主成分分析; 通径分析

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to rationally evaluate the performance of different soybean varieties in Xinjiang.【Methods】 27 domestic soybean germplasms were selected as the experimental materials. Meanwhile, the coefficient of variation, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, path analysis and cluster analysis were conducted through eleven agronomic traits examination. 【Results】 The results showed that the main soybean quantitative traits have rich variations with the variation coefficient of 8.3% -78.8%. The variation coefficient of branch number is the largest and the variation coefficient of 100-seed weight is the smallest. The yield is has a positive or extremely positive correlation with branch number, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant. However, the yield has a negative correlation with Height of lowest pod and has an extremely negative correlation with grain number per plant and grain weight per plant. Through principal component analysis, three components were extracted and the cumulative contribution rate reached 75.98%. It was obvious that the main traits affecting yield include grain number per plant、grain weight per plant and 100-seed weight and plant type factor. Stepwise regression analysis was applied to establish the linear regression equation Y=-1,989.985+39.429X₈+150.432X₁₀+23.137X₉ between yield and grain number per plant, 100-seed weight and grain weight per plant. The determination coefficient was R²=0.887. Based on path analysis, grain number per plant (0.863) and grain weight per plant (0.739) are of more importance than 100-seed weight (0.155) in determining soybean yield. Cluster analysis was adopted. Systematic cluster analysis classified the tested materials into seven divisions at Euclidean distance 15 level. The division I, III and VI have a plant height of about 83 cm and a growth period of about 117 d. They have few branches and high yield. They are of medium-maturing type and are suitable for planting in Yili, Xinjiang. 【Conclusion】 The main representative varieties are Kenfeng14, Suinong 29, Heinong 62, Heinong 52, Heinong 61. The growth period of Zhonghuang 30, Xinfeng 1, Zhonghuang 54, Heinong 51, Heinong 55 and Heinong 63 is generally around 140 d, which is late-maturing type, and should not be planted in Xinjiang.

Key words: soybean; correlation analysis; principal component analysis; path analysis

中图分类号:

S565.1

赵连佳, 李淦, 徐麟, 颜国荣, 刘宁, 王帆, 邓超宏, 阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克, 王聪, 王威. 不同大豆品种在新疆生态区主要农艺性状表现及产量的相关分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1663-1670.

ZHAO Lianjia, LI Gan, XU Lin, YAN Guorong, LIU Ning, WANG Fan, DENG Chaohong, Abudukeyoumu Abudurezike, WANG Cong, WANG Wei. Analysis of the main characters of soybean varieties in Xinjiang and their correlation with yield[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(7): 1663-1670.

图/表 8

参考文献 17

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种质资源 Varieties	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (mm)	底荚高度 Height of lowest pod (cm)	有效分枝数 Effective Branch	主茎节数 Node number of main stem	生育期 Growth period (d)	单株荚数 Pod number of per plant	单株粒数 Grain number of per plant	单株粒重 Grain weight of per plant(g)	百粒重 100- seed weight (g)	折合公顷产量 Yield (kg/hm²)
合农61 Henong61	55	4.0	10.0	1.0	15.0	100	37.3	91.7	16.0	17.4	4 588.0
垦丰20 Kenfeng20	76	5.0	13.0	0.1	17.0	105	32.3	81.6	14.4	17.6	4 008.0
垦丰17 Kenfeng17	72	3.0	14.0	0.3	15.0	110	34.6	81.8	14.5	17.7	4 243.0
合农62 Henong62	74	4.0	14.0	0.0	15.5	113	38.8	107.1	20.0	18.7	5 400.0
东生77 Dongsheng77	46	5.0	10.0	0.0	13.0	120	27.6	67.3	13.5	20.1	3 800.0
黑农44 Heinong44	51	6.0	11.0	0.0	13.5	100	39.5	90.9	16.1	17.7	4 700.0
垦丰14 Kenfeng14	90	4.0	11.0	0.3	19.0	110	37.5	101.7	20.2	19.9	5 267.0
绥农29 Suinong29	93	3.0	7.0	0.5	20.0	116	39.5	105.3	20.9	19.8	5 634.0
垦丰16 Kenfeng16	53	5.0	11.0	0.0	14.0	121	31.7	84.4	13.3	15.8	4 342.0
绥无腥豆1号 Suiwuxindou1	56	6.0	9.0	0.0	15.0	109	30.8	73.2	14.1	19.3	4 111.0
黑农69 Heinong69	78	6.1	24.2	0.3	17.3	104	33.4	67.2	10.6	19.6	3 022.4
中黄54 Zhonghuang54	64	8.3	4.7	1.0	10.5	158	35.0	80.0	27.9	20.5	4 920.0
黑农61 Heinong61	66	7.3	4.9	1.3	10.6	107	48.0	94.0	30.4	20.6	5 508.0
黑农52 Heinong52	53	7.5	4.7	0.8	11.9	105	45.0	103.0	27.7	18.6	5 747.4
龙黄2号 Longhuang2	66	7.6	4.5	1.0	11.7	137	36.0	85.0	33.9	18.0	4 590.0
黑农55 Heinong55	69	6.3	4.7	1.2	10.5	144	37.0	92.0	27.1	20.9	5 568.0
新丰1号 Xinfeng1	70	6.5	5.8	0.9	10.9	145	48.8	107.0	26.1	20.7	5 456.0
黑农51 Heinong51	75	8.3	4.7	1.3	10.9	143	41.0	101.0	33.1	18.6	5 635.8
黑农71 Heinong71	85	6.1	16.4	0.3	19.0	104	52.8	71.4	15.0	19.6	4198.3
新大豆20号 Xindadou20	92	6.8	18.6	1.2	15.4	143	39.4	62.8	15.4	21.9	4 126.0
黑农63 Heinong63	114	6.2	14.6	1.3	23.0	144	49.0	84.4	24.9	19.0	4 810.8
中黄30 Zhonghuang30	73	7.9	22.5	1.3	19.0	145	40.2	102.3	20.9	19.9	5 679.0
绥农36 Suinong36	103	6.0	19.0	0.2	17.2	123	26.0	67.4	16.1	23.3	4 897.0
石大豆2号 Shidadou2	124	6.3	20.2	0.3	18.2	108	23.4	45.6	8.4	18.5	2 654.0
绥农14 Suinong14	73	5.9	20.0	0.6	15.4	116	35.4	72.4	14.3	20.0	4 564.0
中科豆1号 Zhongkedou1	83	6.3	17.4	0.5	16.0	113	36.2	80.4	14.5	18.0	4 678.0
绥农35 Suinong35	95	5.8	17.1	0.8	16.2	123	25.8	63.0	13.5	21.8	4 234.0
变异系数 CV(%)	25.4	24.5	49.4	78.8	21.7	14.2	19.8	19.2	36.5	8.3	17.0

种质资源 Varieties	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (mm)	底荚高度 Height of lowest pod (cm)	有效分枝数 Effective Branch	主茎节数 Node number of main stem	生育期 Growth period (d)	单株荚数 Pod number of per plant	单株粒数 Grain number of per plant	单株粒重 Grain weight of per plant(g)	百粒重 100- seed weight (g)	折合公顷产量 Yield (kg/hm²)
合农61 Henong61	55	4.0	10.0	1.0	15.0	100	37.3	91.7	16.0	17.4	4 588.0
垦丰20 Kenfeng20	76	5.0	13.0	0.1	17.0	105	32.3	81.6	14.4	17.6	4 008.0
垦丰17 Kenfeng17	72	3.0	14.0	0.3	15.0	110	34.6	81.8	14.5	17.7	4 243.0
合农62 Henong62	74	4.0	14.0	0.0	15.5	113	38.8	107.1	20.0	18.7	5 400.0
东生77 Dongsheng77	46	5.0	10.0	0.0	13.0	120	27.6	67.3	13.5	20.1	3 800.0
黑农44 Heinong44	51	6.0	11.0	0.0	13.5	100	39.5	90.9	16.1	17.7	4 700.0
垦丰14 Kenfeng14	90	4.0	11.0	0.3	19.0	110	37.5	101.7	20.2	19.9	5 267.0
绥农29 Suinong29	93	3.0	7.0	0.5	20.0	116	39.5	105.3	20.9	19.8	5 634.0
垦丰16 Kenfeng16	53	5.0	11.0	0.0	14.0	121	31.7	84.4	13.3	15.8	4 342.0
绥无腥豆1号 Suiwuxindou1	56	6.0	9.0	0.0	15.0	109	30.8	73.2	14.1	19.3	4 111.0
黑农69 Heinong69	78	6.1	24.2	0.3	17.3	104	33.4	67.2	10.6	19.6	3 022.4
中黄54 Zhonghuang54	64	8.3	4.7	1.0	10.5	158	35.0	80.0	27.9	20.5	4 920.0
黑农61 Heinong61	66	7.3	4.9	1.3	10.6	107	48.0	94.0	30.4	20.6	5 508.0
黑农52 Heinong52	53	7.5	4.7	0.8	11.9	105	45.0	103.0	27.7	18.6	5 747.4
龙黄2号 Longhuang2	66	7.6	4.5	1.0	11.7	137	36.0	85.0	33.9	18.0	4 590.0
黑农55 Heinong55	69	6.3	4.7	1.2	10.5	144	37.0	92.0	27.1	20.9	5 568.0
新丰1号 Xinfeng1	70	6.5	5.8	0.9	10.9	145	48.8	107.0	26.1	20.7	5 456.0
黑农51 Heinong51	75	8.3	4.7	1.3	10.9	143	41.0	101.0	33.1	18.6	5 635.8
黑农71 Heinong71	85	6.1	16.4	0.3	19.0	104	52.8	71.4	15.0	19.6	4198.3
新大豆20号 Xindadou20	92	6.8	18.6	1.2	15.4	143	39.4	62.8	15.4	21.9	4 126.0
黑农63 Heinong63	114	6.2	14.6	1.3	23.0	144	49.0	84.4	24.9	19.0	4 810.8
中黄30 Zhonghuang30	73	7.9	22.5	1.3	19.0	145	40.2	102.3	20.9	19.9	5 679.0
绥农36 Suinong36	103	6.0	19.0	0.2	17.2	123	26.0	67.4	16.1	23.3	4 897.0
石大豆2号 Shidadou2	124	6.3	20.2	0.3	18.2	108	23.4	45.6	8.4	18.5	2 654.0
绥农14 Suinong14	73	5.9	20.0	0.6	15.4	116	35.4	72.4	14.3	20.0	4 564.0
中科豆1号 Zhongkedou1	83	6.3	17.4	0.5	16.0	113	36.2	80.4	14.5	18.0	4 678.0
绥农35 Suinong35	95	5.8	17.1	0.8	16.2	123	25.8	63.0	13.5	21.8	4 234.0
变异系数 CV(%)	25.4	24.5	49.4	78.8	21.7	14.2	19.8	19.2	36.5	8.3	17.0

性状 Item	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁
X₁	1
X₂	-0.053	1
X₃	0.502^**	-0.12	1
X₄	0.115	0.572^**	-0.238	1
X₅	0.669^**	-0.403^*	0.657^**	-0.213	1
X₆	0.117	0.525^**	-0.204	0.638^**	-0.226	1
X₇	-0.101	0.212	-0.303	0.456^**	-0.028	0.133	1
X₈	-0.37	-0.068	-0.551^**	0.263	-0.213	0.131	0.588^**	1
X₉	-0.198	0.503^*	-0.728^**	0.670^**	0.494^**	0.540^**	0.540^**	0.635^**	1
X₁₀	0.348	0.239	0.153	0.283	0.01	0.372	-0.042	-0.211	0.089	1
X₁₁	-0.225	0.153	-0.537^**	0.464^*	-0.265	0.348	0.554^**	0.863^**	0.739^**	0.155	1

性状 Item	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁
X₁	1
X₂	-0.053	1
X₃	0.502^**	-0.12	1
X₄	0.115	0.572^**	-0.238	1
X₅	0.669^**	-0.403^*	0.657^**	-0.213	1
X₆	0.117	0.525^**	-0.204	0.638^**	-0.226	1
X₇	-0.101	0.212	-0.303	0.456^**	-0.028	0.133	1
X₈	-0.37	-0.068	-0.551^**	0.263	-0.213	0.131	0.588^**	1
X₉	-0.198	0.503^*	-0.728^**	0.670^**	0.494^**	0.540^**	0.540^**	0.635^**	1
X₁₀	0.348	0.239	0.153	0.283	0.01	0.372	-0.042	-0.211	0.089	1
X₁₁	-0.225	0.153	-0.537^**	0.464^*	-0.265	0.348	0.554^**	0.863^**	0.739^**	0.155	1

性状 Traits	主成分1 PC1	主成分2 PC2	主成分3 PC3
X₁	-0.38	0.69	0.43
X₂	0.49	0.51	-0.44
X₃	-0.74	0.41	0.19
X₄	0.68	0.54	0.05
X₅	-0.59	0.27	0.70
X₆	0.55	0.60	-0.16
X₇	0.61	-0.02	0.51
X₈	0.72	-0.41	0.47
X₉	0.94	0.09	0.02
X₁₀	0.08	0.69	-0.05
X₁₁	0.82	-0.08	0.38
特征值 Characteristic values(E)	4.514	2.283	1.56
贡献率 Contribution rate CR(%)	41.038	20.758	14.186
累积贡献率 Cumulative proportion CP(%)	41.038	61.797	75.982

不同大豆品种在新疆生态区主要农艺性状表现及产量的相关分析

Analysis of the main characters of soybean varieties in Xinjiang and their correlation with yield

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参考文献 17

相关文章 15

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Metrics

主成分得分值 Principal component scores
主成分1 Compo- nent 1	主成分2 Compo- nent 2	主成分3 Compo- nent 3	代表种质资源 Representative varieties
1.78	0.34	-0.47	黑农51
1.51	0.13	0.15	新丰1号
1.48	-0.08	-0.13	黑农61
-0.21	1.89	-0.39	新大豆20号
0.29	1.60	2.09	黑农63
-0.85	1.43	-0.08	绥农36
0.11	-0.49	2.16	绥农29
0.29	1.60	2.09	黑农63
-0.14	-0.42	1.62	垦丰14

	Kolmogorov-Smirnov^a			Shapiro-Wilk
	统计量 Statistic	df	Sig.	统计量 Statistic	df	Sig.
产量 Yield	0.113	27	0.200^*	0.932	27	0.079

自变量性状 Traits	相关系数 Correla- tion coeffi- cient	直接通径 Direct effect	间接通径 Indirect effect
自变量性状 Traits	相关系数 Correla- tion coeffi- cient	直接通径 Direct effect	X₈→Y	X₁₀→Y	X₉→Y	合计 Total
X₈	0.863	0.797	-	-0.064	0.13	0.066
X₁₀	0.155	0.306	-0.169	-	0.018	-0.151
X₉	0.739	0.205	0.506	0.028	-	0.534

性状 Traits	类群I Group I	类群II Group II	类群III Group III	类群IV Group IV	类群V Group V	类群VI Group VI	类群VII Group VII
X₁	85.7	113.8	96.7	124.2	73.0	66.2	66.1
X₂	3.7	6.2	6.2	6.3	7.9	5.3	7.4
X₃	10.7	14.6	18.2	20.2	22.5	14.2	4.9
X₄	0.3	1.3	0.7	0.3	1.3	0.3	1.1
X₅	18.2	23.0	16.3	18.2	19.0	15.5	11.0
X₆	113.0	144.0	129.7	108.0	145.0	109.3	134.1
X₇	38.6	49.0	30.4	23.4	40.2	35.6	41.5
X₈	104.7	84.4	64.4	45.6	102.3	78.4	94.6
X₉	20.4	24.9	15.0	8.4	20.9	14.2	29.5
X₁₀	19.5	19.0	22.3	18.5	19.9	18.4	19.7
X₁₁	5 433.7	4 810.8	4 419.0	2 654.0	5 679.0	4 205.0	5 346.5

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