不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.03.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 532-538.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.03.002

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇下一篇

不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量比较

王芳¹(), 李春梅¹, 张娜¹, 王家勇¹, 马云珍¹, 李玲¹, 郑苍松²(), 徐文修¹()

1.新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳 455000

收稿日期:2022-07-28 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-04-18
通信作者: 徐文修(1962-),女,河北蠡县人,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为耕作制度与资源高效利用,(E-mail)xjxwx@sina.com;
郑苍松(1986-),男,吉林人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为棉花营养与施肥,(E-mail)zhengcangsong@163.com
作者简介:王芳(1994-),女,宁夏隆德人,硕士研究生,研究方向为氮肥高效利用,(E-mail)wfwfq139213@163.com
基金资助:
自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)(2020E0216);中国农业科学院科技创新工程

Comparative Study on the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Yield of Cotton Bolls at Different Maturity Stages

WANG Fang¹(), LI Chunmei¹, ZHANG Na¹, WANG Jiayong¹, MA Yunzhen¹, LI Ling¹, ZHENG Cangsong²(), XU Wenxiu¹()

1. Cotton Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education / College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang Henan 455000, China

Received:2022-07-28 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-04-18
Correspondence author: XU Wenxiu(1962-), female,Lixian Hebei, professor, PhD Tutor, research direction is farming system and efficient use of resources,(E-mail)xjxwx@sina.com;
ZHENG Cangsong (1986-), male, Jilin,Associate researcher, court academician, research direction is cotton nutrition and fertilization,(E-mail)zhengcangsong@163.com
Supported by:
Regional Collaborative Innovation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Science and Technology Supporting Xinjiang Program)(2020E0216);Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆南疆地区不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量的差异规律,为新疆南疆地区选择适宜熟性品种种植提供理论依据。【方法】于2020年设置中早熟品种(中棉所96A)、中熟品种(塔河2号、新陆中73号),分析不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及其产量的变化规律。【结果】中熟品种(塔河2号、新陆中73号)的株高、茎粗显著高于中早熟品种(中棉所96A),塔河2号、新陆中73号的株高较中棉所96A分别增加了22.28%、9.84%,茎粗分别增加了25.01%、11.55%,中熟品种的果枝始节高度大于中早熟品种;“三桃”比例中伏前桃表现为塔河2号>新陆中73号>中棉所96A,伏桃为中棉所96A>新陆中73号>塔河2号,秋桃为新陆中73号>塔河2号>中棉所96A;棉铃空间分布上,中棉所96A的棉铃主要分布在中下部内围铃,而塔河2号和新陆中73号则分布在下部、上部内围铃;中熟品种中部外围铃的蕾铃脱落率高于中早熟品种相同部位;中早熟品种的单铃重显著高于中熟品种,中棉所96A的单铃重较塔河2号、新陆中73号分别增重了3.15%、7.73%,中棉所96A与塔河2号的籽棉产量比新陆中73分别提高了3.53%、2.70%。【结论】中早熟品种中棉所96A和中熟品种塔河2号均适宜在新疆南疆地区种植,可获得较高的产量。

关键词: 棉花; 熟性; 品种; 棉铃时空分布; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 To reveal the differences in the temporal and spatial distribution and yield of cotton bolls of different maturity cotton varieties in southern Xinjiang and provide a theoretical basis for choosing suitable maturity varieties to be planted in that region.【Methods】 In 2020, mid-early maturity varieties (Zhongmiansuo 96A) and mid-maturity varieties (Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong73) were set to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of cotton bolls of different maturity cotton varieties and their yield changes.【Result】 The plant height and stem diameter of middle-maturing varieties (Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong73) were significantly higher than those of middle-early maturity varieties (Zhongmiansuo96A).Compared with Zhongmiansuo 96A, the plant height of Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong 73 increased by 22.28% and 9.84%, and the stem diameter increased by 25.01% and 11.55%, respectively.In addition, first fruit branch height of the middle-maturing variety was greater than that of the middle-early maturing variety; From the perspective of the time distribution of cotton bolls, the boll ratio of cotton cultivars in premid-summer bolls were Tahe 2 > Xinluzhong 73 > Zhongmiansuo 96A, mid-summer bolls were Zhongmiansuo 96 A > Xinluzhong 73 > Tahe 2, autumn bolls were Xinluzhong 73 > Tahe 2 > Zhongmiansuo 96 A; In terms of the spatial distribution of cotton bolls, the cotton bolls of Zhongmiansuo 96A were mainly distributed in the under and middle partinner bells, while Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong 73 were distributed in the under and upper part inner bells; From the spatial shedding rate of buds and bells, it can be seen that the shedding rate of buds and bolls in the middle and peripheral bolls of middle-mature varieties was higher than that of the same parts of early-mature varieties; In terms of yield composition, the single boll weight of early-maturing varieties was significantly higher than that of middle-maturing varieties.The single boll weight of Zhongmiansuo 96A increased by 3.15% and 7.73% compared with Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong 73, respectively.The seed cotton yields of Zhongmiansuo 96A and Tahe 2 were 3.53% and 2.70% higher than that of Xinluzhong 73.【Conclusion】 This experiment shows that both the early maturing variety Zhongmiansuo 96A and the middle maturing variety Tahe 2 are suitable for planting in southern Xinjiang and can obtain higher yields.

Key words: cotton; maturity; cultivar; spatiotemporal distribution of cotton bolls; yield

中图分类号:

S562

王芳, 李春梅, 张娜, 王家勇, 马云珍, 李玲, 郑苍松, 徐文修. 不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 532-538.

WANG Fang, LI Chunmei, ZHANG Na, WANG Jiayong, MA Yunzhen, LI Ling, ZHENG Cangsong, XU Wenxiu. Comparative Study on the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Yield of Cotton Bolls at Different Maturity Stages[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(3): 532-538.

图/表 6

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熟性类型 Maturity	品种 Cultivar	现蕾期 Squaring stage	初花期 Flowering stage	盛花期 Full Flowering stage	盛铃期 Full boll stage	吐絮期 Opening boll stage
中早熟 Middle early maturity	中棉所96A	28/5	30/6	9/7	24/7	31/8
中熟 Middle maturity	塔河2号	27/5	27/6	6/7	17/7	3/9
中熟 Middle maturity	新陆中73号	29/5	2/7	14/7	27/7	7/9

熟性类型 Maturity	品种 Cultivar	现蕾期 Squaring stage	初花期 Flowering stage	盛花期 Full Flowering stage	盛铃期 Full boll stage	吐絮期 Opening boll stage
中早熟 Middle early maturity	中棉所96A	28/5	30/6	9/7	24/7	31/8
中熟 Middle maturity	塔河2号	27/5	27/6	6/7	17/7	3/9
中熟 Middle maturity	新陆中73号	29/5	2/7	14/7	27/7	7/9

熟性类型 Maturity	品种 Cultivar	茎粗 Stem diameter (mm)	株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝始节位 Node of the First fruit branch	果枝始节高度 First fruit branch height (cm)	果枝数 Fruit branch numbers	总果节数 Total fruit knots	节枝比 Ratio of fruit node to fruit branch	生育期 Growth period (d)
中早熟 Middle early maturity	中棉所96A	12.65^c	81.60^c	5.6^a	15.75^c	11.50^a	24.4^b	2.12^ab	128
中熟 Middle maturity	塔河2号	16.75^a	105.00^a	5.6^a	20.00^a	12.00^a	23.4^b	1.95^b	131
中熟 Middle maturity	新陆中73号	14.20^b	90.51^b	5.8^a	18.00^b	11.40^a	26.6^a	2.33^a	135

熟性类型 Maturity	品种 Cultivar	茎粗 Stem diameter (mm)	株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝始节位 Node of the First fruit branch	果枝始节高度 First fruit branch height (cm)	果枝数 Fruit branch numbers	总果节数 Total fruit knots	节枝比 Ratio of fruit node to fruit branch	生育期 Growth period (d)
中早熟 Middle early maturity	中棉所96A	12.65^c	81.60^c	5.6^a	15.75^c	11.50^a	24.4^b	2.12^ab	128
中熟 Middle maturity	塔河2号	16.75^a	105.00^a	5.6^a	20.00^a	12.00^a	23.4^b	1.95^b	131
中熟 Middle maturity	新陆中73号	14.20^b	90.51^b	5.8^a	18.00^b	11.40^a	26.6^a	2.33^a	135

熟性类型 Maturity	品种 Cultivar	纵向Longitudinal			横向Transverse
熟性类型 Maturity	品种 Cultivar	下部 Under part	中部 Middle part	上部 Upper part	内围 Inner	外围 Periphery
中早熟Middle early maturity	中棉所96A	45.21^a	27.74^a	27.05^b	84.19^a	15.81^c
中熟Middle maturity	塔河2号	34.56^b	23.03^b	42.42^a	75.94^b	24.26^b
中熟Middle maturity	新陆中73号	33.95^b	23.87^b	42.18^a	67.50^c	32.50^a

不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量比较

Comparative Study on the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Yield of Cotton Bolls at Different Maturity Stages

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参考文献 20

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Metrics

品种 Cultivar	收获株数 Number of harvestedplants (10⁴/hm²)	单株铃数 Number of boll per plant	单铃重 Boll weight (g)	衣分 Lint percentage (%)	实收产量 Harvested cotton yield(kg/hm²)	皮棉产量 Harvested lint output (kg/hm²)
中棉所96A Zhongmiansuo 96A	16.04^a	6.83^a	6.34^a	46.95%^a	6 200.74^a	2 911.25^a
塔河2号 Tahe2	15.66^a	6.42^a	6.14^b	45.77%^a	6 147.69^ab	2 813.80^ab
新陆中73号 Xinluzhong73	15.44^a	6.71^a	5.85^c	46.14%^a	5 981.59^b	2 759.91^b

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