不同复配基质对盆栽荆芥生长及品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同复配基质对盆栽荆芥生长及品质的影响,筛选出适宜盆栽荆芥的复配基质。【方法】以大叶荆芥为材料,通过在草炭、椰糠中添加一定比例的珍珠岩、蛭石复配成栽培基质,研究不同复配基质的理化性质以及对盆栽荆芥生长与品质的影响,运用模糊隶属函数法综合分析不同复配基质的盆栽荆芥。【结果】T₂处理(草炭∶椰糠=2∶1)荆芥的株高、全株鲜质量最大,分别为29.35 cm、10.42 g,可溶性糖含量、VC含量最大,分别为2.19%、0.25 mg/g,隶属函数平均值最大,为0.67,综合评价最高。【结论】盆栽荆芥在基质中添加一定比例的椰糠可以达到部分替代草炭的目的,促进荆芥的生长,改善荆芥的品质。采用T₂处理进行荆芥的复配基质盆栽。

关键词: 荆芥; 复配基质; 盆栽; 生长; 品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of different compound substrates on the growth and quality of Herba schizonepetae in pot cultivation and select the suitable compound substrates for the plant in pot cultivation. 【Methods】 The experiment used Big leaf Herba schizonepetae as the testing materials by adding a proportion of perlite, vermiculite to the charcoal and coconut bran, studied the physical and chemical properties on the growth and quality of different compound matrix, analyzed the physical and chemical properties of different mixed substrates and its effects on the potted Herba schizonepetae growth and quality by using the method of fuzzy membership function of different distribution matrix of Herba schizonepetae plants for comprehensive analysis. 【Results】 T₂ treatment (peat∶ coconut bran =2∶1) had the highest plant height and fresh weight (29.35 cm and 10.42 g, respectively), the highest soluble sugar content and vitamin C content were 2.19 % and 0.25 mg/g, respectively.The average value of the member function was the highest, which was 0.67, and the comprehensive evaluation result was also the highest. 【Conclusion】 Adding a certain proportion of coconut bran in the matrix of potted Herba schizonepetae can partially replace peat, promote its growth and improve the quality.According to the comprehensive comparison and analysis of yield, quality and other indexes of potted Herba schizonepetae, T₂ treatment is recommended for the potted Herba schizonepetae.

Key words: Herba schizonepetae; compound matrix; potted plants; growth; quality

中图分类号:

S567
S14

张力方, 李志元, 秦勇. 不同复配基质对盆栽荆芥生长及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 150-160.

ZHANG Lifang, LI Zhiyuan, QIN Yong. Effects of Different Compound Substrates on the Growth and Quality of Herba schizonepetae in Pots[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 150-160.

图/表 8

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处理 Treatment	草炭 Peat	椰糠 Coconut chaff	珍珠岩 Perlite	蛭石 Roseite
CK	4	-	2	2
T₁	3	1	-	2
T₂	2	1	-	-
T₃	1	1	2	2
T₄	-	1	-	1
T₅	-	2	1	1
T₆	-	3	-	1
T₇	-	4	1	1
T₈	-	7	2	1

处理 Treatment	草炭 Peat	椰糠 Coconut chaff	珍珠岩 Perlite	蛭石 Roseite
CK	4	-	2	2
T₁	3	1	-	2
T₂	2	1	-	-
T₃	1	1	2	2
T₄	-	1	-	1
T₅	-	2	1	1
T₆	-	3	-	1
T₇	-	4	1	1
T₈	-	7	2	1

处理 Treatment	容重 Volume- weight (g/cm³)	总空隙度 The total porosity (%)	通气孔隙 Aeration porosity (%)	持水孔隙 Water-holding porosity (%)	气水比 Gas water ratio	pH	EC (mS/cm)
CK	0.33±0.02^a	67.94±0.03^a	11.81±0.01^a	56.13±0.03^a	0.21±0.02^b	7.10±0.10^bc	1.00±0.13^a
T₁	0.34±0.01^a	64.66±0.02^a	9.17±0.01^b	55.49±0.02^a	0.17±0.01^d	7.47±0.03^a	0.59±0.04^bc
T₂	0.35±0.02^a	66.23±0.01^a	6.87±0.00^c	59.36±0.01^a	0.12±0.01^e	7.07±0.08^bc	0.49±0.09^bc
T₃	0.24±0.02^c	64.60±0.03^a	13.40±0.00^a	51.20±0.03^a	0.26±0.01^a	7.28±0.04^ab	0.64±0.06^b
T₄	0.29±0.00^b	65.68±0.02^a	5.86±0.00^c	59.82±0.02^a	0.10±0.00^e	7.04±0.09^cd	0.95±0.05^a
T₅	0.23±0.01^c	64.14±0.05^a	6.67±0.01^c	57.47±0.04^a	0.12±0.00^e	7.11±0.12^bc	0.66±0.05^b
T₆	0.24±0.01^c	73.26±0.04^a	12.37±0.01^a	60.89±0.04^a	0.20±0.02^bc	6.97±0.05^cd	0.40±0.03^c
T₇	0.22±0.01^c	64.49±0.04^a	9.87±0.00^a	54.62±0.04^a	0.18±0.01^bcd	6.96±0.01^cd	0.40±0.03^c
T₈	0.18±0.00^d	64.40±0.03^a	9.31±0.01^b	55.09±0.02^a	0.17±0.00^cd	6.82±0.03^d	0.60±0.02^bc

处理 Treatment	容重 Volume- weight (g/cm³)	总空隙度 The total porosity (%)	通气孔隙 Aeration porosity (%)	持水孔隙 Water-holding porosity (%)	气水比 Gas water ratio	pH	EC (mS/cm)
CK	0.33±0.02^a	67.94±0.03^a	11.81±0.01^a	56.13±0.03^a	0.21±0.02^b	7.10±0.10^bc	1.00±0.13^a
T₁	0.34±0.01^a	64.66±0.02^a	9.17±0.01^b	55.49±0.02^a	0.17±0.01^d	7.47±0.03^a	0.59±0.04^bc
T₂	0.35±0.02^a	66.23±0.01^a	6.87±0.00^c	59.36±0.01^a	0.12±0.01^e	7.07±0.08^bc	0.49±0.09^bc
T₃	0.24±0.02^c	64.60±0.03^a	13.40±0.00^a	51.20±0.03^a	0.26±0.01^a	7.28±0.04^ab	0.64±0.06^b
T₄	0.29±0.00^b	65.68±0.02^a	5.86±0.00^c	59.82±0.02^a	0.10±0.00^e	7.04±0.09^cd	0.95±0.05^a
T₅	0.23±0.01^c	64.14±0.05^a	6.67±0.01^c	57.47±0.04^a	0.12±0.00^e	7.11±0.12^bc	0.66±0.05^b
T₆	0.24±0.01^c	73.26±0.04^a	12.37±0.01^a	60.89±0.04^a	0.20±0.02^bc	6.97±0.05^cd	0.40±0.03^c
T₇	0.22±0.01^c	64.49±0.04^a	9.87±0.00^a	54.62±0.04^a	0.18±0.01^bcd	6.96±0.01^cd	0.40±0.03^c
T₈	0.18±0.00^d	64.40±0.03^a	9.31±0.01^b	55.09±0.02^a	0.17±0.00^cd	6.82±0.03^d	0.60±0.02^bc

处理 Treatment	全株鲜质量 Fresh weight of whole plant(g)	全株干质量 Dry weight of whole plant(g)	干鲜比 Dry and fresh ratio	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	壮苗指数 Strong seedling index
CK	5.106±0.20^c	0.664±0.04^bc	13.01	8.94	19.25
T₁	5.908±0.28^b	0.798±0.06^b	13.50	7.94	16.15
T₂	10.421±0.36^a	1.055±0.08^a	10.13	8.88	23.94
T₃	6.303±0.20^b	0.881±0.10^ab	13.98	10.82	23.97
T₄	9.684±0.29^a	0.868±0.11^ab	8.96	8.29	24.27
T₅	3.445±0.15^d	0.365±0.01^d	10.61	12.80	11.02
T₆	4.497±0.31^c	0.541±0.03^cd	12.04	11.15	16.96
T₇	3.413±0.29^d	0.505±0.14^cd	14.79	17.91	17.25
T₈	4.581±0.31^c	0.445±0.04^cd	9.71	10.00	13.57