伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.029

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (8): 2065-2072.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.029

伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性

王程欣¹(), 刘斐¹, 陈生熬¹^,²(), 杨浩可³, 谢从新¹^,², 魏齐⁴

1.塔里木大学生命科学学院/塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.华中农业大学水产学院,武汉 430070
3.兵团第四师可克达拉市农业农村局,新疆可克达拉 835100
4.新疆昭苏县山水农业科技有限公司,新疆昭苏 835600

收稿日期:2021-07-25 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-10-01
通信作者: 陈生熬
作者简介:王程欣（1997-）,女,山东人,硕士研究生,研究方向为鱼类生物学,（E-mail） 1715254304@qq.com
基金资助:
农业财政专项“西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查”;塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室项目“伊犁裂腹鱼人工繁殖关键技术研究”(HS201902)

Biological Characteristics of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

WANG Chengxin¹(), LIU Fei¹, CHEN Shengao¹^,²(), YANG Haoke³, XIE Congxin¹^,², WEI Qi⁴

1. College of Life Science/ Tarim Research Center of Rare Fishes, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China
2. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
3. Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Cocodala City,the Four Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Cocodala Xinjiang 835100,China
4. Xinjiang Zhaosu Shanshui Agricultural Technology Co..Ltd, Zhaosu Xinjiang 835600,China

Received:2021-07-25 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-10-01
Correspondence author: CHEN Shengao
Supported by:
Ministr of Agriculture and Rural Finance Special“Investigation on Fishery Resources and Environment in Key Waters of Northwest China”;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Xinjiang Production & Construction Group“Critical techniques for artificial propagation of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis”(HS201902)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究伊犁河水系特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼系统生物学特性。【方法】2018~2020年通过采集伊犁河水系特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼样本,运用经典鱼类生物学方法鉴定其形态特征,分析其年龄与生长等种群性状。【结果】特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼,形态特征与其他水系裂腹鱼差异小,口下缘无硬质角质;体背细鳞,臀鳞较发达;体背部淡青色,微泛黄,体侧和腹部银白色,小个体体侧有斑点。体长均值为（21.56±10.48） cm,不符合正态分布。体重均值为（404.00±483.11） g,不符合正态分布。年龄均值（7.36±3.97）⁺,不符合正态分布,其中5⁺为优势年龄个体,占11.40％。体长和体重相关方程为：W=0.022 L³（R²=0.959 4）;渐进体长L∞=65.48 cm,生产系数k=0.06,W∞=4716.67 g,t₀= 0.09,t_i=18.40⁺;生长方程为：L_t = 65.48（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）和W_t = 4 716.67（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）³。伊犁裂腹鱼成熟系数和丰满系数：GSI=（3.54±1.94）和K=（2.34±0.63）。【结论】伊犁河水系特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼着细鳞,较大型土著鱼类,年龄结构差异较大,匀速生长,适应性较强,水域生态较优,生长周期较长,性状较稳定,拐点年龄大,性成熟周期长。

关键词: 伊犁裂腹鱼; 形态特征; 年龄与生长

Abstract:

【Objective】To research the system biology of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis in Turks River from Ili river. 【Method】 From 2018 to 2020,to collected sampling of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis,using traditional measurement methods to identify biological and age, analyze its growth characteristics. 【Result】 The morphological characteristics of the Turks River Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis were slightly different from those of other water system Schizothorax. There was no hard keratin in the lower edge of the mouth; the back of the body was finely scaled and the buttocks were more developed; the back of the body was light blue and slightly yellow, The sides and abdomen are silvery white, and there are spots on the sides of small individuals. Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis, The body length means is（21.56±10.48） cm, it is too distributed. The mean weight means is（404.00±483.11） g, it is too distributed. The age mean is 7.36±3.97⁺,the age is too distributed, superior individuals ages 5⁺;Length and weight relationships: W=0.022L³（R²=0.959 4）;Progressive length L∞=65.48 cm,the coefficient of growth k=0.06,W∞=4 716.67 g,t₀ = 0.09,t_i=18.40⁺;The population（n=105） of progressive length and weight growth relationship: L_t = 65.48（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）, W_t = 4716.67（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）³.The population of GSI and fullness: GSI=（3.54±1.94）, K=（2.34±0.63）. 【Conclusion】 The Turks River Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis in the Ili River water system, Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis is a large Local fish with fine scales. Its age structure is quite different, grows at a uniform speed, and has strong adaptability. The waters of the Turks River have better ecology, Fish have a long growth cycle, relatively stable traits, an older turning point, a long sexual maturity cycle, and a sharp decline in resources. To carry out the construction of germplasm resource protection zones to consolidate the ecological balance of fishery resources in the upstream tributaries of the Ili River.

Key words: Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis; morphology characteristic; age and growth

中图分类号:

S917

王程欣, 刘斐, 陈生熬, 杨浩可, 谢从新, 魏齐. 伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 2065-2072.

WANG Chengxin, LIU Fei, CHEN Shengao, YANG Haoke, XIE Congxin, WEI Qi. Biological Characteristics of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 2065-2072.

图/表 9

图 1 采集自特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼

Fig. 1 Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis（Herzenstein,1889） in Turks river

图 2 伊犁裂腹鱼体长分布

Fig. 2 Distributions of the standard length frequency of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

图 3 伊犁裂腹鱼体重分布

Fig. 3 Distributions of the standard weight frequency of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

图 4 伊犁裂腹鱼年龄分布

Fig. 4 Distributions of the standard age frequency of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

图 5 伊犁裂腹鱼体长与体重关系

Fig. 5 Length-weight relationships of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

图 6 伊犁裂腹鱼（雌雄）体长与体重关系

Fig. 6 Length-weight relationships of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis（♀♂）

图 7 伊犁裂腹鱼Von Bertalanffy生长曲线/生长速度/生长加速度

Fig. 7 Von Bertalanffy growth/growth rate/growth acceleration of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

图 8 伊犁裂腹鱼的成熟系数

Fig. 8 GSI of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis from Turks River

图 9 伊犁裂腹鱼的丰满度

Fig. 9 Fullness of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis from Turks River

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伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性

Biological Characteristics of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

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