新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 839-846.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.04.007
• 作物遗传育种·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇 下一篇
收稿日期:
2021-07-13
出版日期:
2022-04-20
发布日期:
2022-04-24
通信作者:
赵永峰
作者简介:
黄贵斌(1993-),男,宁夏海原人,研究实习员,硕士研究生,研究方向为食用豆育种与栽培,(E-mail) 825668000@qq.com
基金资助:
HUANG Guibin(), GUAN Yaobing, NIU Yongqi, ZHOU Lilei, ZHAO Yongfeng()
Received:
2021-07-13
Online:
2022-04-20
Published:
2022-04-24
Correspondence author:
ZHAO Yongfeng
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究根瘤菌接种对鹰嘴豆生长发育的影响及减施氮肥条件下固氮效果。【方法】以木鹰1号为材料,设C1(根瘤菌A、1/2氮)、C2(根瘤菌B、1/2氮)、C3(根瘤菌A、不施氮)、C4(根瘤菌B、不施氮)和CK1(不接菌、施全氮)、CK2(不接菌,1/2氮)、CK3(不接菌,不施氮)共7个处理,测定各处理鹰嘴豆的根瘤鲜重、叶绿素含量、干重、产量及其构成因素等指标。【结果】接种根瘤菌的处理鲜重显著增长,干物质积累量在生育后期表现为C1 > C2 > CK1 > CK2 > C3 > C4 > CK3。随着生育期的推进,根瘤菌接种显著提高了植株叶绿素含量。C1、C2处理下的鹰嘴豆的单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重以及产量升高,C1处理下的产量为1 928.84 kg/hm2,与全氮对照相比增产8.83%;C2处理下的产量为1 827.59 kg/hm2,增产3.11%。【结论】根瘤菌接种下,鹰嘴豆减施氮肥可稳产、增产,且以1/2氮肥加根瘤菌A效果最好。
中图分类号:
黄贵斌, 关耀兵, 牛永岐, 周丽蕾, 赵永峰. 根瘤菌接种对减施氮肥条件下鹰嘴豆干物质积累及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 839-846.
HUANG Guibin, GUAN Yaobing, NIU Yongqi, ZHOU Lilei, ZHAO Yongfeng. Effect of Rhizobia Inoculation on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Chickpea under Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(4): 839-846.
组合代码 Treatmen tcode | 处理 Treatment |
---|---|
C1 | 根瘤菌A拌种+1/2氮肥 |
C2 | 根瘤菌B拌种+1/2氮肥 |
C3 | 根瘤菌A拌种+不施氮肥 |
C4 | 根瘤菌B拌种+不施氮肥 |
CK1 | 不接种根瘤菌,施用全部氮肥 |
CK2 | 不接种根瘤菌,施用1/2氮肥 |
CK3 | 不接种根瘤菌,不施用氮肥 |
表1 不同根瘤菌和施氮量处理
Table 1 Experimental treatment of different rhizobia and nitrogen application rates
组合代码 Treatmen tcode | 处理 Treatment |
---|---|
C1 | 根瘤菌A拌种+1/2氮肥 |
C2 | 根瘤菌B拌种+1/2氮肥 |
C3 | 根瘤菌A拌种+不施氮肥 |
C4 | 根瘤菌B拌种+不施氮肥 |
CK1 | 不接种根瘤菌,施用全部氮肥 |
CK2 | 不接种根瘤菌,施用1/2氮肥 |
CK3 | 不接种根瘤菌,不施用氮肥 |
图1 减施氮肥和根瘤菌接种下鹰嘴豆根瘤鲜重变化 注:不同字母表示处理间差异达到0.05显著水平。下同
Fig.1 Effects of reduced nitrogen fertilizer and rhizobia inoculation on the fresh weight of chickpea nodule Note:Different letters represented significant difference at 0.05 level.The same as below
处理 Treat ment | 开花期 Flower stage | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 44.17a | 49.20a | 40.20a | 9.77ab |
CK2 | 41.28a | 45.90abc | 31.18a | 9.47ab |
C1 | 42.68a | 46.74ab | 41.14a | 12.37a |
C2 | 43.66a | 46.62ab | 37.65a | 10.67ab |
CK3 | 40.47a | 39.83c | 30.88a | 8.67c |
C3 | 43.66a | 43.03abc | 36.43a | 10.40ab |
C4 | 43.61a | 43.72abc | 39.02a | 9.36ab |
表2 减施氮肥和根瘤菌接种下鹰嘴豆叶绿素含量变化
Table 2 Effects of reduced nitrogen fertilizer and rhizobia inoculation on chlorophyll content of chickpea
处理 Treat ment | 开花期 Flower stage | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 44.17a | 49.20a | 40.20a | 9.77ab |
CK2 | 41.28a | 45.90abc | 31.18a | 9.47ab |
C1 | 42.68a | 46.74ab | 41.14a | 12.37a |
C2 | 43.66a | 46.62ab | 37.65a | 10.67ab |
CK3 | 40.47a | 39.83c | 30.88a | 8.67c |
C3 | 43.66a | 43.03abc | 36.43a | 10.40ab |
C4 | 43.61a | 43.72abc | 39.02a | 9.36ab |
部位 Position | 处理 Treatment | 开花期 Flower stage | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 9.84a | 23.10a | 31.90a | 34.56a | |
CK2 | 9.65a | 18.2b | 29.27a | 31.74ab | |
C1 | 7.67a | 23.80a | 31.98a | 35.29a | |
茎秆 Stalk | C2 | 6.38a | 20.35ab | 30.01a | 31.95ab |
CK3 | 8.35a | 22.18ab | 28.85a | 25.66b | |
C3 | 8.45a | 18.20b | 27.11a | 26.16b | |
C4 | 7.27a | 23.39a | 30.11a | 25.75b |
表3 减施氮肥和根瘤菌接种下鹰嘴豆干物质(茎秆)积累变化
Table 3 Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and rhizobia inoculation on the accumulation of dry matter (stem) of chickpea
部位 Position | 处理 Treatment | 开花期 Flower stage | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 9.84a | 23.10a | 31.90a | 34.56a | |
CK2 | 9.65a | 18.2b | 29.27a | 31.74ab | |
C1 | 7.67a | 23.80a | 31.98a | 35.29a | |
茎秆 Stalk | C2 | 6.38a | 20.35ab | 30.01a | 31.95ab |
CK3 | 8.35a | 22.18ab | 28.85a | 25.66b | |
C3 | 8.45a | 18.20b | 27.11a | 26.16b | |
C4 | 7.27a | 23.39a | 30.11a | 25.75b |
部位 Position | 处理 Treatment | 开花期 Flower stage | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 6.65a | 13.32a | 11.38a | 1.3 | |
CK2 | 6.64a | 11.07a | 9.65a | 1.0 | |
C1 | 5.46a | 15.37a | 13.15a | 1.61a | |
叶片 Leaf blade | C2 | 5.27a | 13.98a | 10.73a | 1.4 |
CK3 | 5.27a | 11.48a | 9.33a | 0.58c | |
C3 | 5.66a | 11.81a | 7.46a | 0.9 | |
C4 | 4.93a | 14.94a | 6.04a | 0.86c |
表4 减施氮肥和根瘤菌接种下鹰嘴豆干物质(叶片)积累变化
Table 4 Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and rhizobia inoculation on the accumulation of dry matter (leaves) of chickpea
部位 Position | 处理 Treatment | 开花期 Flower stage | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 6.65a | 13.32a | 11.38a | 1.3 | |
CK2 | 6.64a | 11.07a | 9.65a | 1.0 | |
C1 | 5.46a | 15.37a | 13.15a | 1.61a | |
叶片 Leaf blade | C2 | 5.27a | 13.98a | 10.73a | 1.4 |
CK3 | 5.27a | 11.48a | 9.33a | 0.58c | |
C3 | 5.66a | 11.81a | 7.46a | 0.9 | |
C4 | 4.93a | 14.94a | 6.04a | 0.86c |
部位 Position | 处理 Treatment | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|
荚果 Pod | CK1 | 5.01a | 39.58a | 68.90a |
CK2 | 4.07ab | 38.34a | 61.54b | |
C1 | 5.34a | 41.33a | 70.69a | |
C2 | 4.81a | 39.56a | 69.13a | |
CK3 | 2.38b | 37.33a | 38.96c | |
C3 | 4.96a | 36.55a | 40.93c | |
C4 | 4.82a | 35.46a | 40.55c |
表5 减施氮肥和根瘤菌接种下鹰嘴豆干物质(荚果)积累变化
Table 5 Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and rhizobia inoculation on the accumulation of chickpea dry matter (pod) in vitro
部位 Position | 处理 Treatment | 结荚期 Pots stage | 鼓粒期 Bulging stage | 成熟期 Maturity stage |
---|---|---|---|---|
荚果 Pod | CK1 | 5.01a | 39.58a | 68.90a |
CK2 | 4.07ab | 38.34a | 61.54b | |
C1 | 5.34a | 41.33a | 70.69a | |
C2 | 4.81a | 39.56a | 69.13a | |
CK3 | 2.38b | 37.33a | 38.96c | |
C3 | 4.96a | 36.55a | 40.93c | |
C4 | 4.82a | 35.46a | 40.55c |
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 主茎分枝 Node number | 主茎节数 Node numbers of main stem | 单株荚数 Main stem pods | 单株粒数 Seeds per plant | 单株粒重 Grain weight per plant (g) | 百粒重 100-grain weight (g) | 产量 Area yield (kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 76.7a | 1.67a | 30.00a | 134.00ab | 134.33bc | 25.44a | 26.39ab | 1 772.39ab |
CK2 | 64.7b | 1.67a | 29.67a | 111.67b | 111.67bc | 24.30a | 24.18ab | 1 573.64c |
C1 | 73.2a | 1.89a | 30.75a | 155.60a | 177.00a | 27.36a | 27.26a | 1 928.84a |
C2 | 74.6a | 1.67a | 30.11a | 132.78ab | 144.57b | 25.10a | 25.58ab | 1 827.59ab |
CK3 | 75.7a | 1.33a | 28.00a | 105.00b | 107.33c | 22.26a | 22.56b | 1 497.29c |
C3 | 67.3b | 1.67a | 30.17a | 112.00b | 106.29c | 22.54a | 24.93ab | 1 589.39c |
C4 | 66.8b | 1.56a | 30.11a | 106.67b | 113.00bc | 23.77a | 23.89ab | 1 524.44c |
表6 减施氮肥和根瘤菌接种下鹰嘴豆产量及相关指标变化
Table 6 Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and rhizobia inoculation on yield and related indexes of chickpea
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 主茎分枝 Node number | 主茎节数 Node numbers of main stem | 单株荚数 Main stem pods | 单株粒数 Seeds per plant | 单株粒重 Grain weight per plant (g) | 百粒重 100-grain weight (g) | 产量 Area yield (kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK1 | 76.7a | 1.67a | 30.00a | 134.00ab | 134.33bc | 25.44a | 26.39ab | 1 772.39ab |
CK2 | 64.7b | 1.67a | 29.67a | 111.67b | 111.67bc | 24.30a | 24.18ab | 1 573.64c |
C1 | 73.2a | 1.89a | 30.75a | 155.60a | 177.00a | 27.36a | 27.26a | 1 928.84a |
C2 | 74.6a | 1.67a | 30.11a | 132.78ab | 144.57b | 25.10a | 25.58ab | 1 827.59ab |
CK3 | 75.7a | 1.33a | 28.00a | 105.00b | 107.33c | 22.26a | 22.56b | 1 497.29c |
C3 | 67.3b | 1.67a | 30.17a | 112.00b | 106.29c | 22.54a | 24.93ab | 1 589.39c |
C4 | 66.8b | 1.56a | 30.11a | 106.67b | 113.00bc | 23.77a | 23.89ab | 1 524.44c |
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