不同陆地棉纤维发育重要阶段形态学差异比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.003

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (2): 279-290.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.003

• 作物遗传育种·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇下一篇

不同陆地棉纤维发育重要阶段形态学差异比较

毛廷勇¹(), 孔杰², 胡守林¹, 张伟³, 陈佳林⁴, 李燕芳¹, 万素梅¹(), 陈国栋¹()

1.塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔 800001
2.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐,830091
3.石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子 800001
4.新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉 831100

收稿日期:2021-05-02 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-03-22
通信作者: 万素梅,陈国栋
作者简介:毛廷勇(1994-),男,重庆彭水人,讲师,硕士,研究方向为作物高产栽培,(E-mail) 1162638803@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31660410);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1001005);棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(CB2020A08)

Morphological Comparison of Fiber Development in Different Upland Cotton Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

MAO Tingyong¹(), KONG Jie², HU Shoulin¹, ZHANG Wei³, CHEN Jialin⁴, LI Yanfang¹, WAN Sumei¹(), CHEN Guodong¹()

1. Agriculture College of Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China
2. Seed Management Master Station of XPCC, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
3. Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
4. Xinjiang Vocational College ofAgricultural,Chanji Xinjiang 831100, China

Received:2021-05-02 Online:2022-02-20 Published:2022-03-22
Correspondence author: WAN Sumei, CHEN Guodong
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31660410);National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFD1001005);State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology(CB2020A08)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究不同陆地棉品种纤维发育形态学变化,比较棉纤维发育重要阶段的形态学差异。【方法】 以新陆中82号、新陆中70号、新陆中38号以及15-1242为材料,在扫描电镜观察纤维在开花前1 d至开花后1 d的胚珠、发育21和28 d的纤维以及成熟纤维。【结果】 随着开花时间的增加,胚珠表皮细胞的突起数量或伸长数量逐渐增加,开花当天的突起数量在5 900~7 800个/mm²,且中部棉铃的突起数量最多,在7 000个/mm²以上,开花后1 d的伸长数量在3 000~6 400个/mm²,中部棉铃的伸长数量最多,在5 000个/mm²以上;发育21和28 d的纤维表现为生育期短的品种比生育期长的品种早进入纤维加厚期,且生育期越短,在同一发育时期纤维的扭曲程度越大,不同开花期进入加厚期的快慢表现为7月14日开花的纤维最早,7月21日开花的纤维最晚;成熟纤维的中段纤维的扭曲和纵纹在不同开花期均有差异,新陆中70号的扭曲和纵深程度表现最明显,新陆中38号最不明显。【结论】 生育期短的棉花品种纤维发育进程快,不同开花期纤维发育进程表现为中部棉铃纤维发育快于下部和上部,结合成熟纤维的扭曲和纵深程度来看,不同品种和开花期纤维形态学上发育的快慢差异可能是纤维品质间存在差异的原因之一。

关键词: 陆地棉; 纤维发育; 电镜观察; 形态结构

Abstract:

【Objective】 To understand the morphological changes of fiber development in different upland cotton varieties, and compare the morphological differences in important stages of fiber development. 【Methods】 Xinluzhong 82, Xinluzhong 70, Xinluzhong 38 and 15-1242 were taken as materials to observe the ovules of the fibers from the day before flowering to the day after flowering, the fibers of 21 days and 28 days of development, and mature fiber. 【Results】 It can be seen from the observation of ovules that, with the increase of flowering time, the number of protuberances or elongation of ovules epidermal cells gradually increases, and the number of protuberances on the day of flowering is 5,900-7,800 per square millimeter, and the number of protuberances in the middle boll is the largest, which is more than 7,000 per square millimeter. The number of elongation in the day after flowering ranged from 3,000 to 6,400 per square millimeter, with the largest number of elongation in the middle boll, above 5,000 per square millimeter; the 21-day and 28-day fibers show a short growth period Varieties with a longer growth period enter the fiber thickening period earlier, and the shorter the growth period, the greater the degree of fiber distortion during the same development period. The speed of entering the thickening period in different flowering periods is shown by the fibers that bloom on July 14. The fiber that blooms on July 21 is the earliest, and the fiber that blooms on July 21 is the latest; the twist and longitudinal lines of the middle section of the mature fiber are different in different blooming periods. The twist and depth of Xinluzhong 70 are the most obvious, and Xinluzhong 38 is the most obvious. Not obvious. 【Conclusion】 Based on the fiber development stage of different varieties, the fiber development process of the short growth period is faster.The fiber development process of the different flowering period is that the fiber development of the middle boll is faster than the lower and upper parts.In view of the distortion and depth of mature fibers, the differences in fiber morphology of different varieties and flowering stage may be one of the reasons for the differences in fiber quality.

Key words: upland cotton; fiber development; electron microscopic observation; morphological structure

中图分类号:

S562

毛廷勇, 孔杰, 胡守林, 张伟, 陈佳林, 李燕芳, 万素梅, 陈国栋. 不同陆地棉纤维发育重要阶段形态学差异比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 279-290.

MAO Tingyong, KONG Jie, HU Shoulin, ZHANG Wei, CHEN Jialin, LI Yanfang, WAN Sumei, CHEN Guodong. Morphological Comparison of Fiber Development in Different Upland Cotton Varieties in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2): 279-290.

图/表 8

图1 开花前1 d的胚珠注:a、b、c为新陆中82号三个开花期胚珠,d、e、f为新陆中70号三个开花期的胚珠,g、h、i为15-1242三个开花期的胚珠,j、k、l为新陆中38号三个开花期的胚珠,A、B、C为新陆中82号三个开花期开的胚珠,D、E、F为新陆中70号三个开花期的胚珠,G、H、I为15-1242三个开花期的胚珠,J、K、L为新陆中38号三个开花期的胚珠。小写字母代表放大60倍观察,大写字母代表放大300倍观察,下图同

Fig.1 Ovule one day before flowering Note: a, b, c are the ovules of Xinluzhong 82 at three flowering stages, d, e, f are ovules of Xinluzhong 70 at three flowering stages, g, h, and i are ovules at three flowering stages of 15-1242 Ovules, j, k, l are the ovules of Xinluzhong 38 at three flowering stages, A, B, C are ovules of Xinluzhong 82 at three flowering stages, D, E, and F are Xinluzhong 70 The ovules of the three flowering stages, G, H, I are the ovules of the three flowering stages of 15-1242, and J, K, L are the ovules of the three flowering stages of Xinluzhong 38.Lowercase letters represent observation at 60 times magnification, and capital letters represent observation at 300 times magnification,the same as below

表1 不同开花期当天胚珠表皮细胞突起数

Table 1 Number of ovule epidermal cell protrusions on different flowering days

品种 Variety	7月7日 July 7	7月14日 July 14	7月21日 July 21
15-1242	6 233^aB	7 067^aAB	7 167^aA
新陆中38号 Xinluzhong38	6 333^aB	5 900^abB	5 367^bA
新陆中70号 Xinluzhong70	7 533^aA	7 867^aA	6 667^aA
新陆中82号 Xinluzhong82	6 800^aB	7 033^aAB	5 867^aA

图2 开花当天的胚珠

Fig.2 Observation of the ovule on the day of flowering

表2 不同开花期开花后1 d纤维伸长数量比较

Table 2 Comparison of fiber elongation quantity at 1 day after flowering in different flowering periods

品种 Variety	7月7日 July 7	7月14日 July 14	7月21日 July 21
15-1242	5 700^aA	6 400^aA	5 388^aA
新陆中38号 Xinluzhong38	4 667^abB	5 067^aB	4 000^bBC
新陆中70号 Xinluzhong70	5 133^aB	4 933^aB	4 000^bB
新陆中82号 Xinluzhong82	6 267^aA	5 567^aB	3 033^bC

图3 开花后1 d胚珠

Fig.3 Observation of ovule one day after flowering

图4 不同开花期纤维发育21 d的纤维形态结构注:a、b、c分别为新陆中82号的三个开花期发育21 d的纤维。d、e、f分别为新陆中70号三个开花期发育21 d的纤维。g、h、i分别为15-1242三个开花期发育21 d的纤维。J、k、i分别为新陆中38号三个开花期发育21 d的纤维

Fig.4 Observation of fiber morphology and structure of 21-day fiber development in different flowering periods Note: a, b, and c are the fibers of 新陆早 7, 14 and 21 of Xinluzhong 82 that have developed 21 days of flowering.d, e, f are the 21-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 70.g, h, i are 15-1242 fibers developed for 21 days, respectively.J, k, i are the 21-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 38

图5 不同开花期纤维发育28 d的纤维形态结构注:a、b、c分别为新陆中82号的7日、14日、21日花期发育28 d的纤维。d、e、f分别为新陆中70号发育28 d的纤维。g、h、i分别为15-1242发育28 d的纤维。J、k、i分别为新陆中38号发育28 d的纤维

Fig.5 Observation of fiber morphology and structure of 28-day fiber development in different flowering periods Note: a, b, and c are the fibers of No.7, 14 and 21 of Xinluzhong 82 that have developed 28 days of flowering.d, e, f are the 28-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 70.g, h, i are 15-1242 fibers developed for 28 days, respectively.J, k, i are the 28-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 38

图6 不同开花期成熟纤维形态结构注:a、b、c分别为新陆中82号的7日、14日、21日开花期成熟纤维。d、e、f分别为新陆中70号的成熟纤维。g、h、i分别为15-1242的成熟纤维。j、k、l分别为新陆中38号的成熟纤维

Fig.6 Observation of mature fiber morphology and structure in different flowering periods Note: a, b, and c are the mature fibers of Xinluzhong 82 at flowering stage, No.7, 14 and 21, respectively.d, e, f are the mature fibers of Xinluzhong 70.g, h, i are mature fibers of 15-1242, respectively.j, k, l are mature fibers of Xinluzhong 38 respectively

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不同陆地棉纤维发育重要阶段形态学差异比较

Morphological Comparison of Fiber Development in Different Upland Cotton Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

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