一体化匀播技术对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.03.005

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 427-433.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.03.005

• 作物科学·分子生物·园艺·林业 • 上一篇下一篇

一体化匀播技术对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响

张永强^1,2, 方辉¹, 范贵强¹, 陈传信¹,2, 陈兴武^1,2, 雷钧杰^1,2, 赛力汗·赛^1,2, 薛丽华^1,2

1.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2019-04-17 出版日期:2020-03-20 发布日期:2020-03-11
通信作者: 雷钧杰(1972-),男,甘肃古浪人,研究员,博士,研究方向为小麦高产栽培生理,(E-mail)leijunjie@sohu.com
陈兴武(1960-),男,陕西山阳人,研究员,研究方向为作物高产栽培,(E-mail)cxw0723@sina.com
作者简介:张永强(1988-),男,河南平舆人,助理研究员,研究方向为物高产优质栽培生理,(E-mail)zyq988@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家小麦产业技术体系喀什综合试验站(CARS-3-50);国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-3-49);农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201704)

Effects of Integrated Uniform Technology on Growth, Development and Yield of Winter Wheat in Southern Xinjiang

ZHANG Yongqiang^1,2, FANG Hui¹, FAN Guiqiang¹, CHEN Chuanxin^1,2, CHEN Xingwu^1,2, LEI Junjie^1,2, Sailihan Sai^1,2, XUE Lihua^1,2

1. Research Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2.Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology Ecology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2019-04-17 Online:2020-03-20 Published:2020-03-11
Correspondence author: LEI Junjie(1972-),male, Gansu Gulang County, Doctor,Researcher, Research direction for crop yield cultivation,(E-mail):leijunjie@sohu.com
CHEN Xingwu(1960-), male, Shanxi Shanyang County, Researcher, Research direction for crop yield cultivation,(E-mail)cxw0723@sina.com
Supported by:
Supported by China Agriculture Research System: “Kashgar Comprehensive Experimental Station”(CARS-3-50);China Agriculture Research System: “Urumqi comprehensive experimental station” (CARS-3-49);Oasis Crop Physiological Ecology and Cultivation Key Laboratory Open Project(25107020-201704)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究一体化匀播栽培技术对新疆南疆冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响。【方法】在大田条件下,设置一体化匀播和常规条播2种不同的播种方式,研究不同播种方式下冬小麦叶片叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累及产量和产量构成因素的变化规律。【结果】与条播相比,匀播处理有利于叶绿素含量(SPAD值)的提高,增大了叶面积指数(LAI),促进干物质的积累,有效提高了籽粒产量。与常规条播相比,匀播处理节省整地、撒肥及播种作业费1 320元/hm²,节约肥料投入成本421.5元/hm²;2年籽粒产出效益分别增加了5.93%(2017年)和22.75%(2018年)。【结论】冬小麦一体化匀播具有高产、节本增效、肥料利用率高的优点。

关键词: 冬小麦; 匀播; 产量; 经济效益

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of integrated and uniform cultivation techniques on the growth, development and yield of winter wheat in southern Xinjiang.【Method】A field experiment was conducted by setting two different sowing methods: integrated sowing and conventional strip sowing, and the variation of chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components of winter wheat leaves were observed under different sowing methods.【Result】The results showed that compared with strip sowing, uniform sowing treatment was beneficial to the increase of chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and leaf area index (LAI), to promotion of dry matter accumulation, and thus grain yield was effectively increased. Besides, compared with the conventional strip sowing, the costs of the uniform seeding, soil preparation, fertilization and sowing included, were saved by a total of 1,320 yuan/hm² and the input of fertilizer was saved by 421.5 yuan/hm². What was more, the two years’ output benefits were increased by 5.93% in 2017 and 22.75% in 2018, respectively.【Conclusion】The results of comprehensive comparison and economic benefits obtained were: the integrated uniform sowing of winter wheat had the advantages of high yield, cost saving and efficiency, and high fertilizer utilization rate, which might be recommended as a reference for local production.

Key words: winter wheat; uniform sowing; yield; economic benefit

中图分类号:

S512

张永强, 方辉, 范贵强, 陈传信,2, 陈兴武, 雷钧杰, 赛力汗·赛, 薛丽华. 一体化匀播技术对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(3): 427-433.

ZHANG Yongqiang, FANG Hui, FAN Guiqiang, CHEN Chuanxin, CHEN Xingwu, LEI Junjie, Sailihan Sai, XUE Lihua. Effects of Integrated Uniform Technology on Growth, Development and Yield of Winter Wheat in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(3): 427-433.

参考文献

[1]汤永禄,李朝苏,吴春,等.播种方式对丘陵旱地套作小麦立苗质量、产量及效益的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(24):5089-5097.
TANG Yonglu, LI Chaosu, WU Chun, et al. Effects of sowing patterns on establishment quality, grain yield andproduction benefit of intercropping wheat in hilly countries[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(24):5089- 5097.
[2]刘金海,党占平,曹卫贤,等.不同覆盖和播种方式对渭北旱地小麦产量及土壤水分的影响[J].麦类作物学报, 2005, 25(4):91-94.
LIU Jinhai, Dang Zhanping, Chao Weixian, et al. Effect of different mulching and sowing methods on wheat yield and soil water content in Weibei dryland [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2005, 25(4):91-94.
[3]郝德有.小麦机械化无垄栽培理论与技术[J].北京农业,2014,7(2) :15-16.
HAO Deyou. Theory and technology of mechanized ridge free cultivation of wheat [J] .BeijingAgriculture, 2014, 7(2) :15-16.
[4]LIU J H, DANG Z P, CAO W X, YU A P. Effect of different mulching and sowing methods on wheat yield and soil water content in Weibei dryland[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2005, 25(4) : 91-94.
[5]Ansari M A, Memon H R, Tunio S D, Keerio S A. Effect of planting pattern on growth and yield of wheat [J]. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences, 2006, 22(2): 6-11.
[6]Li Q Q, Zhou X B, Chen Y H, YU S L. Grain yield and quality of winter wheat in different planting patterns under deficit irrigation regimes [J]. Plant Soil and Environment, 2010, 56(10): 482-487.
[7]杨飞,张战胜,陈永伟,等.匀播滴灌对小麦分蘖消长规律及产量三要素的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2018,(2):12-14.
YANG Fei, ZHANG Zhansheng, CHEN Yongwei, et al. Influence of uniform sowing and drip irrigation on the rule of tillering and three factors of wheat yield [J].Tillage and Cultivation,2018,(2):12-14.
[8]乔俊芳.不同种植方式对冬小麦生理特性及耗水特点的影响[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
QIAO Junfang. Different planting ways of winter wheat physiological characteristics and the influence of the water consumption characteristics [D]. Taiguo: Shanxi Agricultural University, 2016.
[9]吴新胜,何景瑞,陈之政,等.冬小麦不同播种方式对比试验[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(7):66-69.
WU Xinsheng, HE Jingrui, CHEN Zhizheng, et al. Comparative experiment on different sowing methods of winter wheat[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2012,40(7):66-69.
[10]朱新开,盛海君,顾晶,等.应用SPAD值预测小麦叶片叶绿素和氮含量的初步研究[J].麦类作物学报,2005,(2):46-50.
ZHU Xinkai, SHENG Haijun, GU Jing, et al. Primary study on application of SPAD value to estimate chlorophyll and nitrogen content in wheat leaves[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2005,(2):46-50.
[11]张秋英,李发东,刘孟雨.冬小麦叶片叶绿素含量及光合速率变化规律的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,(3):95-98.
ZHANG Qiuying, LI Fadong, LIU Mengyu. Changing laws of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in winter wheat leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2005,(3):95-98.
[12]罗宏博.不同播种方式对冬小麦生育特性及产量的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
LUO Hongbo. Effects on decelopment characteristics and yield of winter wheat under the different sowing method [D]. Yangling: Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, 2016.
[13]牛立元,茹振钢,赵花周,等.小麦叶片叶绿素含量系统变化规律研究[J].麦类作物学报,1999,(2):36-38.
NIU Liyuan, RU Zhengang, ZHAO Huazhou, et al. Study on the change law of chlorophyll content in wheat leaves [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,1999,(2):36-38.
[14]陈雨海,余松烈,于振文.小麦生长后期群体光截获量义其分布与产量的关系[J].作物学报,2003,29(5):730-734.
CHEN Yuhai, YU Songlie, YU Zhenwen. Relationship between amount or distribution of PAR interception and grain output of wheat communities [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2003, 29(5):730-734.
[15]李进永,郭红,张大友,等.播种方式和播种量对稻茬小麦生长的综合效应[J].江苏农业科学, 2012,40(1):78-80.
LI Jinyong, GUO Hong, ZHANG Dayou, et al. Effects of sowing methods and sowing rates on the growth of rice bran wheat[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2012,40(1):78-80. .
[16]周勋波,孙淑娟,陈雨海,等.冬小麦不同行距下水分特征与产量构成的初步研究[J].土壤学报,2008,(1):188-191.
ZHOU Xunbo, SUN Shujuan, CHEN Yuhai, et al. Moisture characteristics and yield composition of winter wheat different in row spacing [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008,(1):188-191.
[17]乔蕊清,刘新月,卫云宗.冬小麦撒播简化高产栽培技术的研究与应用[J].麦类作物学报,2001,21(3): 84-86.
QIAO Ruiqing, LIU Xinyue, WEI Yunzong. Study on the technique of high-yield cultivation with broadcast sowing and simpl if ication and application in winter wheat[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2001, 21(3): 84-86.
[18]皮丕兰.小麦不同播种方式群体结构的研究[J].湖南农学院学报(自然科学版),1990,16(1):15-25.
PI Pilan. Study on the population structure of different sowing methods in wheat[J]. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Natural Sciences Ed.), 1990, 16(1):15-25.
[19]李娜娜,田奇卓,裴艳婷,等.播种方式对两类小麦品种分蘖成穗及其产量构成的影响[J].麦类作物学报, 2007,27(3):508-513.
LI Nana, TIAN Qizhuo, PEI Yanting, et al. Effects of planting pattern on formation of spike andyield component of two types of wheat [J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2007,27(3):508-513.

一体化匀播技术对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Integrated Uniform Technology on Growth, Development and Yield of Winter Wheat in Southern Xinjiang

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	陈茂光, 林涛, 张昊, 刘海军, 王一帆, 汤秋香. 地膜类型对棉花生长的影响及自身降解和回收特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2101-2108.
[2]	杨国江, 陈云, 林祥群, 何江勇, 刘盛林, 曲永清. 氮肥减施下有机肥替代对滴灌棉花产量、氮素吸收利用及土壤硝态氮的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2138-2145.
[3]	陈传信, 张永强, 聂石辉, 孔德鹏, 赛力汗·赛, 徐其江, 雷钧杰. 生物质炭施用量对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2146-2151.
[4]	王立红, 张宏芝, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 王春生, 夏建强, 樊哲儒. 不同产量水平冬小麦产量差异形成的干物质生产、转运及氮肥利用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2152-2162.
[5]	王晓雨, 王小平, 史文宇, 刘美艳, 马健, 郭云鹏, 宋瑞欣, 王清涛. 拔节期冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累和产量对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2163-2172.
[6]	向莉, 王仙, 董裕生, 郭小玲, 方伏荣, 陈智军, 马艳明, 苗雨. 外源丁酸对干旱胁迫下大麦产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2173-2181.
[7]	杨红梅, 张跃强, 史应武, 吾买尔江·库尔班, 林青, 王宁, 楚敏, 曾军. 不同类型叶面肥喷施对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2182-2188.
[8]	马明杰, 赵经华, 李冬民, 杨胜春, 王克贤, 李池. 不同灌溉方式对苜蓿土壤水分与灌溉水利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2306-2313.
[9]	王心, 林涛, 崔建平, 吴凤全, 唐志轩, 崔来园, 郭仁松, 王亮, 郑子漂. 种植模式与灌溉定额对机采长绒棉产量及纤维品质形成的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1821-1829.
[10]	董艳雪, 贾永红, 张金汕, 李丹丹, 王凯, 罗四维, 王润琪, 石书兵. 不同生态区环境下春小麦干物质积累及产量形成分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1848-1857.
[11]	李怀胜, 艾洪玉, 孟玲, 王贺亚, 张磊, 艾海峰. 减氮下运筹养分吸收高峰期追施比例对春小麦的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1866-1872.
[12]	张永强, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 徐其江, 赛力汗·赛, 雷钧杰. 矮壮素滴施时期对冬小麦茎秆抗倒伏能力的调控分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1873-1878.
[13]	张超, 白云岗, 郑明, 肖军, 丁平. 极端干旱区葡萄水肥协同效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1931-1939.
[14]	王挺, 张力, 张凡凡, 黄嵘峥, 李肖, 张玉琳, 陈永成, 赵建涛, 马春晖. 适合青贮的玉米品种生产性能筛选及营养价值评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1596-1605.
[15]	梁志国, 王泽鹏, 贾宋楠, 范凤翠, 刘胜尧, 张哲, 杜凤焕, 秦勇. 不同土壤水分对设施茄子生长、产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1713-1721.