生物有机肥对红枣产量结构及效益的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.11.015

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 2090-2095.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.11.015

• 土壤肥料·林业·贮藏加工·植物保护·畜牧·农业经济 • 上一篇下一篇

生物有机肥对红枣产量结构及效益的影响

张计峰¹, 完颜悦², 谢香文¹

1.新疆农业科院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.新疆泰谷生物肥料有限公司,新疆昌吉 831100

收稿日期:2019-08-14 出版日期:2019-11-20 发布日期:2019-12-09
通信作者: 谢香文(1973-),男,新疆奇台人,研究员,研究方向为农田水肥高效利用,(E-mail)656911732@qq.com
作者简介:张计峰(1981-),男,山东兖州人,副研究员,研究方向为土壤与植物营养,(E-mail)280862589@qq.com
基金资助:
自治区科技支疆项目(2017E0252)

Effects of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Yield Structure and Economic Benefits of Ziziphus Jujube

ZHANG Ji-feng¹, WANYAN Yue², XIE Xiang-wen¹

1.Research Institute of Soil & Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2.Taigu Biological Fertilizer Co.Ltd, Changji Xinjiang 831100, China

Received:2019-08-14 Online:2019-11-20 Published:2019-12-09
Correspondence author: XIE Xiang-wen(1973-), male, Originally from Xinjiang Qitai, Researcher, The research direction is irrigation and water conservancy, (E-mail) 656911732@qq.com
Supported by:
Supported by the S＆T Supporting Xinjiang Project of Xinjiang (2017E0252)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】采用有机肥和生物肥配合化肥使用的方式,改善红枣品质和保障红枣产量,减少化肥投入降低环境风险,为合理使用生物有机肥以及与化肥配合使用方式提供参考。【方法】采用大田定位试验进行有机替代化肥减施增效试验,设置生物有机肥部分替代化肥处理(Bio-organic fertilizer,BOF)、单施化肥处理(Chemical fertilizer,CF)和空白处理(CK),研究生物有机肥替代化肥对红枣产量结构的影响并进行红枣果园效益分析。【结果】有机肥部分替代化肥可以增加红枣产量409.5 kg/hm²(P<0.05),较单施化肥处理(6 427.5 kg/hm²)和空白处理(4 273.5 kg/hm²)分别提高6.4%和59.9%;红枣单果重显著增加,在红枣含水率为64%的成熟期红枣单果重分别为BOF处理(19.8 g)>CF处理(18.1 g)>CK处理(15.1 g);BOF处理红枣枣吊长度在开花期、果实膨大期分别为17.2和27.9 cm,显著高于CF处理和CK处理(P<0.05);红枣裂果率由CK处理(18.8%)和CF处理(15.7%)下降到BOF处理的(13.1%)。BOF处理与CF相比可实现增收4 389.0 元/hm²,化肥用量降低18.2%。【结论】

关键词: 枣树; 生物有机肥; 产量; 效益

Abstract: 【Objective】 To improve the quality of jujube, ensure the yield of jujube, reduce the input of chemical fertilizer and reduce the environmental risk by studing the application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer in combination with chemical fertilizer 【Method】 The field location experiments reduction by alternative organic fertilizer efficiency tests were set to partly replace biological organic fertilizer processing (Bio-organic fertilizer, BOF), fertilization of chemical fertilizer treatment, (CF) and blank treatment (CK), the effects of biological organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on jujube yield structure were studied and red jujube orchard economic benefit was analyzed.【 Result 】 The data showed that using organic fertilizer partly replacing fertilizer could increase the red jujube yield by 409.5 kg/hm² (P<0.05), compared with single application of chemical fertilizer treatment (6 427.5 kg/hm²) and blank treatment (4 273.5 kg/hm²), the increase was 6.4% and 59.9%, respectively. The single fruit weight of jujube increased significantly. In the mature stage, the single fruit weight of jujube was respectively BOF (19.8 g) >CF (18.1 g) >CK (15.1 g). The bearing branch lengths of BOF treatment jujube were 17.2 cm and 27.9 cm at flowering stage and fruit expansion stage, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the CF treatment and the CK treatment (P<0.05).The cracking rate of jujube decreased from CK (18.8%) and CF (15.7%) to BOF (13.1%). The comprehensive economic benefit analysis showed that compared with CF, BOF treatments could increase revenue by 4 389.0 RMB /hm², and reduce fertilizer consumption by 18.2%. 【Conclusion 】 In order to achieve the purpose of high quality and high yield of jujube and fertilizer reduction efficiency, it is necessary to use the way of bio-organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizer. The results of this study has provided a reference for the rational use of biological organic fertilizer and the combination of chemical fertilizer used approach, enrich the research and application of orchard nutrient resources use in jujube garden. This is the technical support for the healthy development of jujube industry.

Key words: jujube; bio-organic fertilizer; yield; economic benefit

中图分类号:

S665.1

张计峰, 完颜悦, 谢香文. 生物有机肥对红枣产量结构及效益的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(11): 2090-2095.

ZHANG Ji-feng¹, WANYAN Yue², XIE Xiang-wen¹. Effects of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Yield Structure and Economic Benefits of Ziziphus Jujube[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(11): 2090-2095.

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生物有机肥对红枣产量结构及效益的影响

Effects of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Yield Structure and Economic Benefits of Ziziphus Jujube

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