不同砧木对无核葡萄果实糖分积累的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 筛选出提高无核葡萄果实中可溶性糖含量的优良砧木,为葡萄果实品质调控提供理论依据。【方法】以7种不同砧木嫁接的4年生克瑞森无核葡萄和自根苗为试材,利用HPLC技术测定果实发育过程中葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量,测定糖代谢相关酶活性,分析不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄果实中糖分积累和蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的动态变化影响,及二者间的相关性变化。【结果】果实发育过程中克瑞森无核葡萄砧木嫁接苗和自根苗的果实糖分积累主要以葡萄糖和果糖为主,蔗糖为辅。砧木嫁接在不同程度上能够提高克瑞森无核葡萄的可溶性糖的积累,不同砧木之间存在较大差异。5BB、5C、101-14MG和SO4嫁接能够显著提高果实内蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和总糖含量,其中101-14MG嫁接苗可溶性糖与自根苗比最大提高了14.67%,促进作用最明显。而贝达和188-08不利于提高果实内糖含量。在果实发育期间各砧木嫁接苗果实蔗糖转化酶(AI和NI)呈先升高后降低的趋势,在发育中期(花后75 d)酶活性达到峰值;而蔗糖合成酶整体呈上升趋势,蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)呈先升后降再升的趋势。与自根苗相比,7个砧木中101-14MG更利于提高克瑞森无核葡萄的AI和SS-c活性,SO4更利于提高其SS-c和SPS活性,嫁接苗果实内糖组分含量与AI、SPS和SS-s活性相关性较大,其共同作用影响了可溶性糖含量的变化,其中SS-s对糖分的积累贡献最大。【结论】7种砧木嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄中,SO4、101-14MG、5BB和5C嫁接均能够显著提高果实内可溶性糖的积累,其中101-14MG表现最佳。克瑞森无核嫁接苗果实内可溶性糖的积累是AI、SPS和SS-s活性共同调控的结果,其中SS-s是克瑞森无核葡萄果实糖积累中最重要的调控因子。

关键词: 无核葡萄; 砧木; 可溶性糖含量; 酶活性

Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aims to select an excellent rootstock with soluble sugar content in Crimson seedless grape fruit in the hope of providing the theoretical basis for fruit quality regulation.【Method】The contents of glucose, fructose and sucrose in fruit development were measured by HPLC technique with 7 different rootstock and 4 year old Crimson seedless grapes and self-rooted seedlings, and the activity of glucose metabolism related enzymes was measured, and the effects of different rootstocks on the dynamic changes of sugar accumulation and sucrose metabolization-related enzyme activity in the seedless grape fruit of Crimson and the correlation between them were studied.【Result】In the fruit development process, the sugar accumulation of Crimson seedless grape rootstock grafted seedling and self root was mainly glucose and fructose, and sucrose was supplemented. Rootstock grafting can improve the soluble sugar accumulation of crimson seedless grape to different degrees, and there was great difference between the different rootstocks, 5BB, 5C, 101-14 MG and SO4 grafting could significantly increase sucrose, glucose, fructose and total sugar in fruits. The ratio of soluble sugar to 101-14 MG was increased by 14.67% and the promotion effect was most obvious. However, beta and 188-08 could not improve the sugar content in fruits. In the middle of development (after 75 d), the activity of the enzyme reached its peak, while the sucrose synthase was ascending and the sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) was ascending and then rising. Compared with the self root, the 101-14MG of the 7 rootstocks was more beneficial to improve the AI and SS-c activity of the Crimson seedless grape, the SO4 was more beneficial to improve its SS-c and SPS activity, and the content of sugar component in grafted seedlings was more correlated with AI, SPS and SS-s activity. The interaction affected the change of soluble sugar content, among which, SS-s contributed the most to the accumulation of sugar.【Conclusion】The grafts of SO4, (101-14) MG. (5BB) and 5C grafted with 7 rootstocks grafted in Crimson seedless grapes can significantly increase the accumulation of soluble sugar in fruit, among which, 101-14MG performance is the best. The accumulation of soluble sugar in Crimson seedlings is the result of the co-regulation of AI, SPS and SS-s activities, and among them, the SS-s is the most important regulating factor in sugar accumulation of Crimson seedless grape fruit.

Key words: Seedless grape; rootstock; soluble sugar content; enzyme activity

中图分类号:

:S663.1

钟海霞, 张付春, 周晓明, 潘明启, 张雯, 谢辉, 韩守安, 艾尔买克·才卡斯木, 伍新宇. 不同砧木对无核葡萄果实糖分积累的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(6): 1002-1010.

ZHONG Hai-xia, ZHANG Fu-chun, ZHOU Xiao-ming, PAN Ming-qi, ZHANG Wen, XIE Hui, HAN Shou-an, Ermek Caiksimu, WU Xin-yu. Effects of Different Rootstocks on the Accumulation of Sugar on Crimson Seedless Grapes[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(6): 1002-1010.

参考文献

[1] Teixeira, R. T. (2005). Modified sucrose, starch, and atp levels in two alloplasmic male-sterile lines of b. napus. Journal of Experimental Botany , 56(414): 1,245-1,253.
[2] 苏艳,原牡丹,侯智霞,等. 草莓果实发育中糖代谢规律研究[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2011,39(4): 147-150.
   SU Yan, YUAN Mu-dan, HOU Zhi-xia, et al. (2011). Study on the regulation of glucose metabolism in strawberry fruit development [J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences , 39(4): 147-150. (in Chinese)
[3] Ferris, H., Zheng, L., & Walker, M. A. (2012). Resistance of grape rootstocks to plant-parasitic nematodes. Journal of Nematology , 44(4): 377-386.
[4] Ollat, N., Tandonnet, J. P., Lafontaine, M., & Schultz, H. R. (2003). Short and long term effects of three rootstocks on cabernet sauvignon vine behaviour and wine quality. Acta Horticulturae , 617: 95-99.
[5] 刘翔宇,李娟,黄敏,等.柑橘砧木对砂糖橘果实糖积累的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(11):2 217-2 228.
   LIU Xiang-yu, LI Juan, HUANG Min, et al. (2015). Research on influences of rootstock on sugar accumulation in 'Shatangju' tangerine fruits [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica , 48(11):2,217-2,228. (in Chinese)
[6] 孟文慧,张显,罗婷. 嫁接砧木对西瓜果实糖分积累及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 37(3): 127-131.
   MENG Wen-hui, ZHANG Xian, LUO Ting. (2009).Influences of rootstocks on the sugar accumulation and activities of sucrose metabolism related enzymes in Citrullus lanatus by grafting [J]. Journal of Northwest A&F University (Nat. Sci. Ed.) , 37(3): 127-131. (in Chinese)
[7] 刘慧英,朱祝军,钱琼秋,等.砧木对小型早熟西瓜果实糖代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].园艺学报,2004,(1):47-52.
   LIU Hui-ying, ZHU Zhu-jun, QIAN Qiong-qiu, et al. (2004). The effects of different rootstocks on the sugar metabolism and related enzyme activities in small and early-maturing watermelon during fruit development [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica , (1):47-52. (in Chinese)
[8] 刘朋. 南瓜砧木对嫁接西瓜果实糖分积累的调控作用分析[D].武汉:华中农业大学硕士学位论文,2016.
   LIU Peng. (2016). Regulations of Pumpkin Rootstocks on Sugar Accumulations in Fruits of Grafted Watermelon [D]. Master Dissertation. Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan. (in Chinese)
[9] 卢彩玉, 郑小艳,贾惠娟,等. 根域限制对'巨玫瑰'葡萄果实可溶性糖含量及相关代谢酶活性的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2011,(5):825-832.
   LU Cai-yu, ZHENG Xiao-yan, JIA Hui-juan, et al. (2011). Effects of root restriction on soluble sugar contents and related enzyme activities in'Jumeigui'grape berries [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica , (5): 825-832. (in Chinese)
[10] 闫梅玲,王振平,范永,等. 蔗糖代谢相关酶在赤霞珠葡萄果实糖积累中的作用[J].果树学报,2010, 27(5):703-707.
   YAN Mei-ling, WANG Zhen-ping, FAN Yong, et al. (2010). Roles of sucrose -metabolizing enzymes in accumulation of sugars in Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruit [J]. Journal of Fruit Science , 27(5):703-707. (in Chinese)
[11] 宋谨. 葡萄浆果成熟与延迟采收期间糖酸变化特点的研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院硕士学位论文, 2006.
   SONG Jin. (2006). Changes in soluble sugars and organic acid of grape berries during fruit ripening and delayed harest [D]. Master Dissertation. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
[12] 潘腾飞,李永裕,邱栋梁. 果实品质形成的分子机理研究进展[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2006, 35(1): 81-84.
   PAN Teng-fei, LI Yong-yu, QIU Dong-liang.. (2006). A Review of Molecular Mechanism during the Formation of Fruit Quality [J]. Subtropical Plant Science , 35(1): 81-84. (in Chinese)
[13] 陶红,崔纪芳,乜兰春. 果实糖分积累研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010, 38(1): 42-44.
   TAO Hong, CUI Ji-fang, NEI Lan-chun. (2010).Research process on sugar accumulation in fruits [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences , 38(1): 42-44. (in Chinese)
[14] 章英才,陈亚萍,景红霞,等.'灵武长枣'果实糖积累与蔗糖代谢相关酶的关系[J]. 果树学报, 2014, 31(2): 250-270.
   ZHANG Ying-cai, CHEN Ya-ping, JING Hong-xia, et al. (2014). Relation between sugar accumulation and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in fruit of 'Lingwuchangzao(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.)[J]. Journal of Fruit Science , 31(2): 250-270. (in Chinese)
[15] 王君,李磊,谢冰,等. 采后黄冠梨果实糖代谢及相关酶活性变化规律[J]. 食品科学, 2010, 31(18): 390-393.
   WANG Jun, LI Lei, XIE Bing, et al. (2010). Changes of Carbohydrate Metabolism and Related Enzyme Activities in Postharvest Huangguan Pears [J]. Food Science , 31(18): 390-393. (in Chinese)
[16] 潘秋红,张大鹏. 植物转化酶的种类、特性与功能[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 2004, 40(3): 275-280.
   PAN Qiu-hong, ZHANG Da-peng. (2004). Isoforms, Characteristics and Roles of Plant Invertases[J]. Plant Physiology Communications , 40(3): 275-280. (in Chinese)
[17] 陈建伟,贾亮亮,赵京奇,等. 喷施沼液对苹果产量品质及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2017, (18): 35-41.
   CHEN Jian-wei, JIA Liang-liang, ZHAO Jing-qi, et al. (2017). Effect of spraying biogas slurry on apple yield, quality and sucrose metabolism enzyme activity [J]. Northern Horticulture , (18): 35-41. (in Chinese)
[18] 谢小波,戚行江,金伟,等. 杨梅果实糖分积累及其代谢酶活性变化过滤[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2013, 25(1): 48-52.
   XIE Xiao-bo, QI Xing-jiang, JIN Wei, et al. (2013). Accumulation of fruit sugar components and activities analyzing of sucrose metabolizing enzymes during fruit development of red bayberry [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejianggensis , 25(1): 48-52. (in Chinese)
[19] 齐红岩,李天来,张洁, 等. 番茄果实发育过程中糖的变化与相关酶活性的关系[J]. 园艺学报, 2006, 33(2): 294-299.
   QI Hong-yan, LI Tian-lai, ZHANG Jie, et al. (2006). Relationship between carbohydrate change and related enzymes activities during tomato fruit development [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica , 33(2): 294-299. (in Chinese)