15个葡萄砧木耐热性差异评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究15个葡萄砧木品种新梢的生长及叶片叶绿素荧光参数对高温的响应,评价其耐热性的差异性,筛选出耐热性较强的砧木,为砧木的耐热性选择提供理论依据。【方法】在吐鲁番自然高温条件下,研究15个葡萄砧木品种在田间高温下的生长情况并测定叶片的荧光参数,利用隶属函数法分析评价其耐热性。【结果】在40℃高温气候条件下,110R和Fercal叶片卷曲,山河2号轻微卷曲,其它砧木均无卷曲,叶缘正常,叶片上无斑点;植株生长前期速率随温度升高而下降,后期生长速率平稳。15个砧木品种的耐热性分为6类。【结论】砧木山河2号的耐热性最强,140R最弱。

关键词: 葡萄砧木; 叶绿素荧光参数; 耐热性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the growth of 15 grape stock varieties and the response of leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to high temperature and evaluate the differential of heat resistance by selecting stocks with strong heat resistance in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for grape grafting cultivation. 【Methods】 15 grape rootstocks were used as experimental material,growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured under natural high temperature,and the heat resistance was evaluated by membership function method. 【Results】 Leaves of 110R and Fercal were curled,leaves of Shanhe 2 was slightly curled,others were smooth,leaf margin was normal,no spot was found on leaves.Growth rate was decreased with temperature increasing,and at later stage, growth rate tended to be stable.Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured when temperature was stable above 40℃ and order sample optimal segmentation clustering method was used to analyzed chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of grape rootstock,15 rootstocks were divided into 6 categories. 【Conclusion】 Rootstock Shanhe 2 has the strongest heat resistance and 140R is the weakest.

Key words: grape rootstock; chlorophyll fluorescence; heat tolerance

中图分类号:

S663.1

户金鸽, 白世践, 陈光, 蔡军社. 15个葡萄砧木耐热性差异评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 86-95.

HU Jinge, BAI Shijian, CHEN Guang, CAI Junshe. Differential Evaluation of Heat Tolerance of 15 Grape Rootstocks[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 86-95.

图/表 11

参考文献 26

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时间 Time (D/M)	高于35℃ 时长 The length of time above 35℃(h)	高于40℃ 时长 The length of time above 40℃(h)	时间 Time (D/M)	高于35℃ 时长 The length of time above 35℃(h)	高于40℃ 时长 The length of time above 40℃(h)	时间 Time (D/M)	高于35℃ 时长 The length of time above 35℃(h)	高于40℃ 时长 The length of time above 40℃(h)
1/6	8.5	4.0	1/7	5.5	0.0	1/8	7.0	0.0
2/6	9.0	6.0	2/7	7.0	0.0	2/8	8.0	2.5
3/6	9.5	6.0	3/7	7.5	2.5	3/8	5.0	2.0
4/6	8.0	0.5	4/7	8.0	3.5	4/8	8.5	6.0
5/6	8.0	0.5	5/7	7.5	3.5	5/8	9.0	6.5
6/6	0.0	0.0	6/7	0.5	0.0	6/8	9.0	5.5
7/6	0.0	0.0	7/7	3.5	0.0	7/8	9.5	7.0
8/6	0.0	0.0	8/7	7.0	0.0	8/8	8.0.	4.5
9/6	0.0	0.0	9/7	6.5	0.0	9/8	7.0	0.0
10/6	0.0	0.0	10/7	4.5	0.0	10/8	3.0	0.0
11/6	0.0	0.0	11/7	5.5	0.0	11/8	5.0	0.0
12/6	0.0	0.0	12/7	6.0	0.0	12/8	5.0	0.0
13/6	4.0	0.0	13/7	0.0	0.0	13/8	5.0	0.0
14/6	7.0	0.0	14/7	4.0	0.0	14/8	2.0	0.0
15/6	4.5	0.0	15/7	6.5	0.5	15/8	1.0	0.0
16/6	7.5	0.0	16/7	4.5	0.0	16/8	3.5	0.0
17/6	5.0	0.0	17/7	8.5	5.5	17/8	4.5	0.0
18/6	6.5	0.0	18/7	8.5	6.0	18/8	7.0	0.0
19/6	3.0	0.0	19/7	6.0	3.0	19/8	4.5	0.0
20/6	5.5	0.0	20/7	7.5	5.0	20/8	3.5	0.0
21/6	0.0	0.0	21/7	0.0	0.0	21/8	5.5	0.0
22/6	7.0	0.0	22/7	7.5	0.5	22/8	3.0	0.0
23/6	7.5	0.0	23/7	0.0	0.0	23/8	3.5	0.0
24/6	7.0	2.0	24/7	0.0	0.0	24/8	7.0	40
25/6	7.5	3.0	25/7	8.0	4.5	25/8	8.5	5.5
26/6	3.5	0.0	26/7	8.0	5.5	26/8	6.0	2.0
27/6	6.5	0.0	27/7	8.5	3.0	27/8	4.5	0.0
28/6	8.5	0.0	28/7	5.5	0.0	28/8	0.0	0.0
29/6	0.0	0.0	29/7	7.0	0.0	29/8	0.0	0.0
30/6	0.0	0.0	30/7	0.0	0.0	30/8	0.0	0.0
			31/7	6.5	0.0	31/8	2.5	0.0

时间 Time (D/M)	高于35℃ 时长 The length of time above 35℃(h)	高于40℃ 时长 The length of time above 40℃(h)	时间 Time (D/M)	高于35℃ 时长 The length of time above 35℃(h)	高于40℃ 时长 The length of time above 40℃(h)	时间 Time (D/M)	高于35℃ 时长 The length of time above 35℃(h)	高于40℃ 时长 The length of time above 40℃(h)
1/6	8.5	4.0	1/7	5.5	0.0	1/8	7.0	0.0
2/6	9.0	6.0	2/7	7.0	0.0	2/8	8.0	2.5
3/6	9.5	6.0	3/7	7.5	2.5	3/8	5.0	2.0
4/6	8.0	0.5	4/7	8.0	3.5	4/8	8.5	6.0
5/6	8.0	0.5	5/7	7.5	3.5	5/8	9.0	6.5
6/6	0.0	0.0	6/7	0.5	0.0	6/8	9.0	5.5
7/6	0.0	0.0	7/7	3.5	0.0	7/8	9.5	7.0
8/6	0.0	0.0	8/7	7.0	0.0	8/8	8.0.	4.5
9/6	0.0	0.0	9/7	6.5	0.0	9/8	7.0	0.0
10/6	0.0	0.0	10/7	4.5	0.0	10/8	3.0	0.0
11/6	0.0	0.0	11/7	5.5	0.0	11/8	5.0	0.0
12/6	0.0	0.0	12/7	6.0	0.0	12/8	5.0	0.0
13/6	4.0	0.0	13/7	0.0	0.0	13/8	5.0	0.0
14/6	7.0	0.0	14/7	4.0	0.0	14/8	2.0	0.0
15/6	4.5	0.0	15/7	6.5	0.5	15/8	1.0	0.0
16/6	7.5	0.0	16/7	4.5	0.0	16/8	3.5	0.0
17/6	5.0	0.0	17/7	8.5	5.5	17/8	4.5	0.0
18/6	6.5	0.0	18/7	8.5	6.0	18/8	7.0	0.0
19/6	3.0	0.0	19/7	6.0	3.0	19/8	4.5	0.0
20/6	5.5	0.0	20/7	7.5	5.0	20/8	3.5	0.0
21/6	0.0	0.0	21/7	0.0	0.0	21/8	5.5	0.0
22/6	7.0	0.0	22/7	7.5	0.5	22/8	3.0	0.0
23/6	7.5	0.0	23/7	0.0	0.0	23/8	3.5	0.0
24/6	7.0	2.0	24/7	0.0	0.0	24/8	7.0	40
25/6	7.5	3.0	25/7	8.0	4.5	25/8	8.5	5.5
26/6	3.5	0.0	26/7	8.0	5.5	26/8	6.0	2.0
27/6	6.5	0.0	27/7	8.5	3.0	27/8	4.5	0.0
28/6	8.5	0.0	28/7	5.5	0.0	28/8	0.0	0.0
29/6	0.0	0.0	29/7	7.0	0.0	29/8	0.0	0.0
30/6	0.0	0.0	30/7	0.0	0.0	30/8	0.0	0.0
			31/7	6.5	0.0	31/8	2.5	0.0

品种 Cultivar	颜色 Color	叶片状态 Status
贝达Beta	黄绿	平整
5BB	黄绿	平整
101-14	绿	平整
110R	绿	卷曲
188-08	绿	平整
1103P	墨绿	平整
京3309 Jing 3309	绿	平整
140R	绿	平整
Valiant	黄绿	平整
山河2号 Shanhe 2	黄绿	卷曲
BR No.2	绿	平整
Du Lot	绿	平整
Fercal	墨绿	卷曲
5C	绿	平整
SO4	绿	平整

品种 Cultivar	颜色 Color	叶片状态 Status
贝达Beta	黄绿	平整
5BB	黄绿	平整
101-14	绿	平整
110R	绿	卷曲
188-08	绿	平整
1103P	墨绿	平整
京3309 Jing 3309	绿	平整
140R	绿	平整
Valiant	黄绿	平整
山河2号 Shanhe 2	黄绿	卷曲
BR No.2	绿	平整
Du Lot	绿	平整
Fercal	墨绿	卷曲
5C	绿	平整
SO4	绿	平整

品种 Cultivar	叶片中脉长Leaf lengh		叶宽Leaf width		茎粗Stem diameter
品种 Cultivar	25℃	40℃	25℃	40℃	25℃	40℃
贝达 Beta	11.53^A	10.40^AB	13.73^A	12.5^AB	4.18^AB	4.02^AB
5BB	9.63^ABC	8.07^CD	10.93^ABC	9.67^CDEF	4.06^B	2.98^BC
101-14	8.10^CDEFG	7.00^CD	10.70^BCD	8.57^EF	3.46^BCDE	3.14^BC
110R	8.57^BCDE	8.90^BC	10.30^BCD	11.17^ABCD	5.00^A	5.07^A
188-08	6.30^G	8.33^CD	8.87^BCD	9.50^CDEF	3.80^BCD	3.49^BC
1103P	7.87^CDEFG	7.67^CD	10.23^BCD	9.03^DEF	3.50^BCDE	2.82^C
京3309 Jing 3309	7.17^DEFG	7.47^CD	9.67^BCD	9.07^DEF	3.17^CDE	3.62^BC
140R	6.57^FG	6.83^D	8.07^D	8.17^F	3.74^BCD	3.91^BC
Viliant	9.43^BC	8.77^BCD	11.10^ABC	11.00^ABCDE	3.93^BC	3.39^BC
山河2号Shanhe 2	10.20^AB	11.70^A	10.7^BCD	12.83^A	3.60^BCDE	3.44^BC
BR No.2	9.13^BCD	8.73^BCD	11.40^AB	11.67^ABC	3.93^BC	3.06^BC
Du Lot	8.40^BCDEF	8.97^BC	9.70^BCD	9.57^CDEF	3.50^BCDE	3.23^BC
Fercal	7.37^DEFG	7.33^CD	8.30^CD	8.37^F	2.80^E	3.37^BC
5C	8.10^CDEFG	8.60^BCD	10.27^BCD	10.23^BCDEF	3.07^DE	3.83^BC
SO4	7.07^EFG	8.73^BCD	9.33^BCD	9.93^CDEF	3.39^BCDE	3.56^BC