不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片特性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.015

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (10): 2466-2474.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.015

• 园艺特产·林业·农产品加工工程 • 上一篇下一篇

不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片特性的影响

胡鑫¹^,²(), 仙鹤³, 张付春², 周晓明², 韩守安², 王敏², 丁祥¹^,², 潘明启², 钟海霞²(), 曾斌¹(), 伍新宇¹

1.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院综合试验场,乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2021-12-15 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-12-21
通信作者: 钟海霞,曾斌
作者简介:胡鑫(1997-),女,吉村九台人,硕士研究生,研究方向为葡萄栽培生理与品质调控(E-mail)1361354120@qq.com
基金资助:
自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(2020Q028);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-ZP-08)

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Leaf Characteristics of Crimson Seedless Grape

HU Xin¹^,²(), XIAN He³, ZHANG Fuchun², ZHOU Xiaoming², HAN Shouan², WANG Min², DING Xiang¹^,², PAN Mingqi², ZHONG Haixia²(), ZENG Bin¹(), WU Xinyu¹

1. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
3. Comprehensive Experiment Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China

Received:2021-12-15 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-12-21
Correspondence author: ZHONG Haixia, ZENG Bin
Supported by:
Excellent Young Scientific and Technological Talents Training Project of Autonomous Region(2020Q028);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-29-ZP-08)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】比较分析6种不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片外观性状、叶绿素含量及叶片组织结构的影响,为筛选出有利于克瑞森无核葡萄叶片发育的砧木提供理论依据。【方法】以5BB、101-14MG、110R、5C、SO4、贝达6种砧木嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄为试材,以克瑞森无核本砧嫁接苗及其自根苗为双对照,测定叶片、叶柄、叶绿素含量及叶片表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度等叶片组织结构。【结果】6种砧木与克瑞森无核葡萄嫁接对其叶片特性、叶绿素含量及叶片组织结构均会产生影响。其中砧木5BB嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄叶长(145.92 mm)、叶宽(202.35 mm)、叶面积(145.69 mm²)较自根苗分别高17.02%、21.69%和33.07%,较克瑞森无核本砧嫁接苗分别高15.22%、21.36%和33.12%,砧木5BB嫁接克瑞森无核可显著提高叶片质量。克瑞森无核嫁接5BB在叶柄长(124.59 mm)、叶柄宽(3.95 mm)、叶柄厚(3.60 mm)表现最优,显著高于其他处理,克瑞森无核嫁接5BB有利于叶柄的发育。砧木101-14MG与克瑞森无核嫁接叶绿素含量最高(42.50),比克瑞森无核本砧嫁接苗(35.58)高19.45%,但比自根苗(44.53)低4.78%;不同砧木与克瑞森无核嫁接对叶片组织结构影响不同,其中以砧木110R嫁接的克瑞森无核葡萄叶片厚度(207.80 μm)、下表皮厚度(21.48 μm)、栅栏组织厚度(55.94 μm)、海绵组织厚度(109.75 μm)显著高于其他砧穗组合,相比对照组有明显提升,叶片组织结构最好。【结论】在6个砧木中以5BB嫁接克瑞森无核叶片和叶柄外观性状最优,砧木101-14MG与克瑞森无核嫁接叶绿素含量最高,砧木110R嫁接的克瑞森无核叶片组织结构表现最佳,砧木5BB、101-14MG、110R是较有利于克瑞森无核叶片生长发育的优良砧木。

关键词: 砧木; 克瑞森无核; 叶片特性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To compare and analyze the effects of 6 diffterent rootstocks on leaf appearancetraits,chlorophyll content and leaf tissue structure of Crimson seedless grapes in the hope of providing a theorelical basis for screening out rootstocks that are more conducive to leaf development of the grapes.【Method】 The Crimson seedless grape grafted with 6 rootstocks of 5BB, 101-14MG, 110R, 5C, SO4, and Betta were used as the test materials, and its grafted root seedlings and their own root seedlings were used as double controls for the study.Furthermore, the leaves, petioles, The chlorophyll content and leaf skin thickness, palisade tissue thickness, sponge tissue thickness and other leaf tissue structures were measured.【Results】 Grafting of 6 rootstocks with Crimson seedless grapes affected their leaf characteristics, chlorophyll content and leaf tissue structure.Among them, the leaf length (145.92 mm), leaf width (202.35 mm) and leaf area (145.69 mm²) of the Crimson seedless grape grafted with rootstock 5BB were 17.02%, 21.69% and 33.07% higher than those of Crimson seedlings, respectively.The seedlings grafted with nuclear rootstock were 15.22%, 21.36% and 33.12% higher, respectively.The 5BB rootstock grafted with Crimson seedless could significantly improve the leaf quality.Crimson seedless grafted with 5BB performed best in petiole length (124.59 mm), petiole width (3.95 mm), and petiole thickness (3.60 mm), which was significantly higher than those of other treatments, indicating that 5BB was beneficial to petioles development.Rootstock 101-14MG and Crimson seedless grafted seedlings had the highest chlorophyll content (42.50), which was 19.45% higher than that of Crimson seedless grafted seedlings (35.58), but 4.78% lower than that of the self-rooted seedlings (44.53); different rootstocks and Crimson seedless grafting had different effects on the leaf tissue structure.Among them, the thickness of the leaf tissue of the Crimson seedless grape grafted with the rootstock 110R (207.80 μm), the thickness of the epidermis (21.48 μm), the thickness of the fence tissue (55.94 μm), and the thickness of the sponge tissue (109.75 μm) were significantly higher than those of other stocks and stock combinations.Compared with the control group, it was significantly improved, and the leaf tissue structure was the best.【Conclusion】 Based on various indicators, among the 6 rootstocks, 5BB grafted Crimson seedless leaves and petioles have the best appearance traits.Rootstock 101-14MG and grafted Crimson seedless have the highest chlorophyll content.Rootstock 110R grafted Crimson seedless leaf tissue structure is the best, so rootstocks 5BB, 101-14MG, and 110R are excellent rootstocks that might be more conducive to the growth and development of Crimson seedless leaves.

Key words: rootstock; Crimson seedless grape; leaf characteristics

中图分类号:

S663.1

胡鑫, 仙鹤, 张付春, 周晓明, 韩守安, 王敏, 丁祥, 潘明启, 钟海霞, 曾斌, 伍新宇. 不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2466-2474.

HU Xin, XIAN He, ZHANG Fuchun, ZHOU Xiaoming, HAN Shouan, WANG Min, DING Xiang, PAN Mingqi, ZHONG Haixia, ZENG Bin, WU Xinyu. Effects of Different Rootstocks on Leaf Characteristics of Crimson Seedless Grape[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2466-2474.

图/表 4

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处理 Treatment	叶长 Leaf length (mm)	叶宽 Leaf width (mm)	叶面积 leaf area (mm²)	叶柄长 Petiole length (mm)	叶柄宽 Petiole width(mm)	叶柄厚 Petiole thic kness(mm)
克瑞森无核/5BB Crimson seedless/5BB	145.92±22.63^a	202.35±23.64^a	145.69±19.77^a	124.59±22.80^a	3.95±0.56^a	3.60±0.47^a
克瑞森无核/101-14MG Crimson seedless/101-14MG	120.23±17.04^c	170.55±33.24^bc	146.85±11.54^a	102.60±19.89^b	3.38±0.41^bcd	2.99±0.45^b
克瑞森无核/110R Crimson seedless/110R	132.42±22.18^abc	186.75±31.78^abc	136.60±18.49^abc	124.04±27.50^a	3.52±0.62^abc	3.10±0.58^b
克瑞森无核/5C Crimson seedless/5C	134.12±27.06^abc	181.03±27.03^bc	139.94±2.78^ab	122.09±28.89^a	3.69±0.73^ab	3.14±0.62^b
克瑞森无核/SO4 Crimson seedless/SO4	135.44±11.69^ab	187.88±22.61^ab	130.09±19.50^abc	108.69±12.21^ab	3.68±0.44^ab	3.03±0.36^b
克瑞森无核/贝达 Crimson seedless/Beta	92.43±11.83^d	132.90±22.36^d	118.76±7.32^abc	82.10±14.80^c	2.91±0.56^d	2.52±0.46^c
克瑞森无核/克瑞森无核 Crimson seedless/Crimson seedless	126.65±13.76^bc	166.73±21.55^c	109.44±12.95^bc	86.01±14.07^c	3.22±0.94^bcd	3.03±0.62^b
克瑞森无核自根 Crimson seedless self-rooted	124.70±14.96^bc	166.29±22.58^c	109.48±9.21^bc	105.31±19.58^b	3.07±0.46^cd	2.46±0.37^c

处理 Treatment	叶长 Leaf length (mm)	叶宽 Leaf width (mm)	叶面积 leaf area (mm²)	叶柄长 Petiole length (mm)	叶柄宽 Petiole width(mm)	叶柄厚 Petiole thic kness(mm)
克瑞森无核/5BB Crimson seedless/5BB	145.92±22.63^a	202.35±23.64^a	145.69±19.77^a	124.59±22.80^a	3.95±0.56^a	3.60±0.47^a
克瑞森无核/101-14MG Crimson seedless/101-14MG	120.23±17.04^c	170.55±33.24^bc	146.85±11.54^a	102.60±19.89^b	3.38±0.41^bcd	2.99±0.45^b
克瑞森无核/110R Crimson seedless/110R	132.42±22.18^abc	186.75±31.78^abc	136.60±18.49^abc	124.04±27.50^a	3.52±0.62^abc	3.10±0.58^b
克瑞森无核/5C Crimson seedless/5C	134.12±27.06^abc	181.03±27.03^bc	139.94±2.78^ab	122.09±28.89^a	3.69±0.73^ab	3.14±0.62^b
克瑞森无核/SO4 Crimson seedless/SO4	135.44±11.69^ab	187.88±22.61^ab	130.09±19.50^abc	108.69±12.21^ab	3.68±0.44^ab	3.03±0.36^b
克瑞森无核/贝达 Crimson seedless/Beta	92.43±11.83^d	132.90±22.36^d	118.76±7.32^abc	82.10±14.80^c	2.91±0.56^d	2.52±0.46^c
克瑞森无核/克瑞森无核 Crimson seedless/Crimson seedless	126.65±13.76^bc	166.73±21.55^c	109.44±12.95^bc	86.01±14.07^c	3.22±0.94^bcd	3.03±0.62^b
克瑞森无核自根 Crimson seedless self-rooted	124.70±14.96^bc	166.29±22.58^c	109.48±9.21^bc	105.31±19.58^b	3.07±0.46^cd	2.46±0.37^c

处理 Treatment	上表皮厚度 Thickness of Upper- epidermis(μm)	下表皮厚度 Thickness of Lower- epidermis(μm)	叶片厚度 Thickness of leaf(μm)	栅栏组织厚 Thickness of Palisade tissue(μm)	海绵组织厚度 Thickness of Spongy tissue(μm)	栅栏组织/ 海绵组织 Palisade tissue/ Spongy tissue
克瑞森无核/5BB Crimson seedless/5BB	12.58±3.27^d	20.81±6.11^a	183.18±12.61^d	56.83±10.38^a	81.45±13.85^d	0.72±0.20^a
克瑞森无核/101-14MG Crimson seedless/101-14MG	16.40±3.03^bc	16.23±2.67^b	187.77±9.19^cd	46.03±7.07^b	98.80±10.40^b	0.47±0.09^f
克瑞森无核/110R Crimson seedless/110R	15.75±1.67^bc	21.48±3.92^a	207.80±8.95^a	55.94±6.46^a	109.75±14.11^a	0.52±0.10def
克瑞森无核/5C Crimson seedless/5C	16.32±2.87^bc	15.80±2.95^bc	172.33±8.89^e	48.60±5.45^b	88.61±11.35^c	0.56±0.12^bcd
克瑞森无核/SO4 Crimson seedless/SO4	16.61±3.20^b	19.94±3.96^a	191.95±13.12^c	55.50±9.08^a	91.75±10.34^c	0.61±0.13^b
克瑞森无核/贝达 Crimson seedless/Beta	14.74±2.35^c	14.06±2.52^c	182.56±8.79^d	48.52±6.94^b	100.36±8.86^b	0.49±0.09^ef
克瑞森无核/克瑞森无核 Crimson seedless/Crimson seedless	16.34±3.94^bc	14.14±3.39^c	175.51±10.70^e	53.09±6.49^a	89.26±12.19^c	0.61±0.11^bc
克瑞森无核自根 Crimson seedless self-rooted	18.26±3.42^a	19.38±4.12^a	197.08±6.72^b	53.20±4.49^a	97.92±8.47^b	0.55±0.07^cde

处理 Treatment	上表皮厚度 Thickness of Upper- epidermis(μm)	下表皮厚度 Thickness of Lower- epidermis(μm)	叶片厚度 Thickness of leaf(μm)	栅栏组织厚 Thickness of Palisade tissue(μm)	海绵组织厚度 Thickness of Spongy tissue(μm)	栅栏组织/ 海绵组织 Palisade tissue/ Spongy tissue
克瑞森无核/5BB Crimson seedless/5BB	12.58±3.27^d	20.81±6.11^a	183.18±12.61^d	56.83±10.38^a	81.45±13.85^d	0.72±0.20^a
克瑞森无核/101-14MG Crimson seedless/101-14MG	16.40±3.03^bc	16.23±2.67^b	187.77±9.19^cd	46.03±7.07^b	98.80±10.40^b	0.47±0.09^f
克瑞森无核/110R Crimson seedless/110R	15.75±1.67^bc	21.48±3.92^a	207.80±8.95^a	55.94±6.46^a	109.75±14.11^a	0.52±0.10def
克瑞森无核/5C Crimson seedless/5C	16.32±2.87^bc	15.80±2.95^bc	172.33±8.89^e	48.60±5.45^b	88.61±11.35^c	0.56±0.12^bcd
克瑞森无核/SO4 Crimson seedless/SO4	16.61±3.20^b	19.94±3.96^a	191.95±13.12^c	55.50±9.08^a	91.75±10.34^c	0.61±0.13^b
克瑞森无核/贝达 Crimson seedless/Beta	14.74±2.35^c	14.06±2.52^c	182.56±8.79^d	48.52±6.94^b	100.36±8.86^b	0.49±0.09^ef
克瑞森无核/克瑞森无核 Crimson seedless/Crimson seedless	16.34±3.94^bc	14.14±3.39^c	175.51±10.70^e	53.09±6.49^a	89.26±12.19^c	0.61±0.11^bc
克瑞森无核自根 Crimson seedless self-rooted	18.26±3.42^a	19.38±4.12^a	197.08±6.72^b	53.20±4.49^a	97.92±8.47^b	0.55±0.07^cde

不同砧木对克瑞森无核葡萄叶片特性的影响

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Leaf Characteristics of Crimson Seedless Grape

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