遮阴条件下密度对滴灌冬小麦灌浆期光合日变化的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.12.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 2164-2173.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.12.002

遮阴条件下密度对滴灌冬小麦灌浆期光合日变化的影响

张永强, 陈兴武, 赛力汗·赛, 薛丽华, 雷钧杰

新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2017-11-03 出版日期:2017-12-25 发布日期:2018-01-29
通信作者: 雷钧杰(1972-),男,研究员,博士,研究方向为小麦高产栽培生理,(E-mail)leijunjie@sohu.com;陈兴武(1960-),男,陕西山阳人,研究员,研究方向为作物高产栽培,(E-mail)cxw0723@sina.com
作者简介:张永强(1988-),男,河南平舆人,助理研究员,研究方向为作物高产优质栽培生理,(E-mail)zyq988@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-3-49);新疆农业科学院青年基金项目(xjnkq-2016012);农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201704)

Effects of Shading and Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaves during Filling Stage of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation

ZHANG Yong-qiang, CHENG Xing-wu, Sailihan Sai, XUE Li-hua, LEI Jun-jie

Research Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2017-11-03 Online:2017-12-25 Published:2018-01-29
Correspondence author: LEI Jun-jie(1972-), male, Gansu Gulang County, Doctor, Researcher, Research direction: High yield and good quality cultivation physiology of crops, (E-mail)leijunjie@sohu.com;CHEN Xing-wu (1960-), male, Shanyang County, Shanxi, Researcher, Research direction: High yield cultivation of crops, (E-mail)cxw0723@sina.com
Supported by:
National Wheat Industrial Technology System: Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station(CARS-3-49); Outstanding Young Scientific Talent Foundation of Xinjaing Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkq-2016012); Oasis Crop Physiological Ecology and Cultivation Key Laboratory Open Subject of Ministry of Agriculture (25107020-201704)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究遮阴条件下滴灌冬小麦灌浆期旗叶光合日变化特征。【方法】在大田滴灌条件下,以新冬40号为试验材料,在自然光和遮阴50%两个光照处理下分别设置450×10⁴(M1)、525×10⁴(M2)、600×10⁴(M3)、675×10⁴(M4)和750×10⁴株/hm²(M5)5个种植密度,研究不同处理对滴灌冬小麦叶面积指数(LAI)、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、灌浆期光合日变化特性及产量的影响。【结果】遮阴明显降低了滴灌冬小麦的LAI,但与自然光相比,遮阴处理下SPAD值略有提高。遮阴导致各密度处理冬小麦叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)均表现出不同程度的下降,但胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)升高;冬小麦有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重及产量明显降低,其降幅依次为4.14%~11.44%、 5.76%~9.05%、 7.15~22.47%和16.12%~33.54%。【结论】在50%遮阴条件下,M2处理(525×10⁴株/hm²)各项生理指标表现较好,产量最高,为5 250.26 kg/hm²,可供大田生产参考。

关键词: 冬小麦; 遮阴; 密度; 滴灌; 光合日变化; 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the diurnal variation of shading and planting density on photosynthetic characteristic of winter wheat's flag leaf during filling stage under drip irrigation.【Method】Five plant population experiments 450×10⁴ plant/hm²(M1), 525×10⁴ plant/hm²(M2), 600×10⁴ plant/hm²(M3), 675×10⁴ plant/hm²(M4), 750×10⁴ plant/hm²(M5) were conducted in the circumstance of natural light(S0) and shading 50%(S1), respectively, and the leaf area index(LAI), chlorophyll content(SPAD), daily variation of flag's photosynthetic characteristic during filling stage and grain yield were observed to study the effects of different light conditions and population on above indexes of wheat.【Result】The results showed that LAI was descended significantly under S1 treatments, but SPAD was little higher than that of S0. Under shading condition, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), stomatal conductance (G_s) were all decreased at different degree while intercellular CO₂ concentration(C_i) increased, besides, spike number, grains per spike, 1,000-grain weight and yield were significant lower than those of in natural light treatments, the extent of reduction were in order of 4.14%-11.44%, 5.76%-9.05%, 7.15-22.47% and 16.12%-33.54%.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis of various indicators, in 50% shading treatment, M2 treatment (5 million 250 thousand/(plants·hm²)) had better performance in terms of the physiological indexes, the highest yield, 5,250.26 kg/hm², so it can be used as reference to the field production.

Key words: winter wheat; shading; planting density; drip irrigation; the diurnal variation of photosynthesis; yield

中图分类号:

S512

张永强, 陈兴武, 赛力汗·赛, 薛丽华, 雷钧杰. 遮阴条件下密度对滴灌冬小麦灌浆期光合日变化的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(12): 2164-2173.

ZHANG Yong-qiang, CHENG Xing-wu, Sailihan Sai, XUE Li-hua, LEI Jun-jie. Effects of Shading and Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaves during Filling Stage of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(12): 2164-2173.

参考文献 21

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遮阴条件下密度对滴灌冬小麦灌浆期光合日变化的影响

Effects of Shading and Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaves during Filling Stage of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation

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