Phenotypic characterization and evaluation of tomato germplasm resources resources of Xinjiang

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.07.014

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (7): 1687-1696.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.07.014

• Food and cash crops column • Previous Articles Next Articles

Phenotypic characterization and evaluation of tomato germplasm resources resources of Xinjiang

LI Yushan¹(), MA Yue¹, ZHANG Yukun², TIAN Chao¹, ZHAO Lianjia¹, WANG Fengqin¹, LI Zhongqing¹, WANG Fan¹, QING Quan¹, SONG Yu¹()

1. Research Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Central Asian Characteristic Crop Germplasm Resources Medium-term Gene Bank, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China

Received:2024-12-05 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-09-05
Correspondence author: SONG Yu
Supported by:
Young Scientists Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024D01B47);Xinjiang Vegetable Industry Technology System(XJARS-07-02);Major Scientific R &D Program Special Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A03004-1);Major Scientific R &D Program Special Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02005-2)

新疆番茄种质资源表型鉴定与评价

李玉姗¹(), 马越¹, 张瑜琨², 田超¹, 赵连佳¹, 王风琴¹, 李忠晴¹, 王帆¹, 卿全¹, 宋羽¹()

1.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所/国家中亚特色作物种质资源中期库, 乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院乌鲁木齐综合试验站, 乌鲁木齐 830000

通讯作者: 宋羽
作者简介:李玉姗(1993-),女,甘肃人,硕士研究生,研究方向为蔬菜种质资源收集保存与鉴定评价,(E-mail)1105447858@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(2024D01B47);新疆蔬菜产业技术体系(XJARS-07-02);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A03004-1);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02005-2)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To provide resources and theoretical references for tomato genetic improvement by conducting phenotypic characterization and comprehensive evaluation of tomato germplasm resources collected during the "Third National Census and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region" and the "Systematic Investigation and Rescue Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang." 【Methods】 Phenotypic traits across the entire growth period of 137 tomato germplasm accessions were measured. Genetic diversity analysis, variation analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component comprehensive evaluation were employed to assess the diversity of tomato resources collected in Xinjiang’s Third National Census (hereafter "Third Census") and to screen elite germplasm with superior quality. 【Results】 Taxonomic classification revealed that over 90% of the collected tomato resources were indeterminate-growth fresh-market large-fruited tomatoes, while 5% were determinate-growth processing tomatoes. Fruit traits and flavor quality traits exhibited the highest genetic diversity, with fruit shape showing the highest genetic diversity index (1.432) and locule number displaying the largest coefficient of variation (43%). Cluster analysis based on comprehensive flavor quality scores classified the germplasm into seven major groups. Groups I and III comprised high-quality cherry tomato resources, while Group II included elite large-fruited tomato resources. These groups represented valuable germplasm and molecular breeding materials for high-quality tomato breeding. 【Conclusion】 This study has elucidated the phenotypic diversity of tomato germplasm resources collected during the Third National Crop Germplasm Census of Xinjiang. We have identified cherry tomato germplasm and large-fruited tomato germplasm with superior flavor quality.

Key words: tomato; germplasm resources; identification and evaluation; elite germplasm

摘要：

【目的】对收集的番茄种质资源开展表型鉴定与综合评价,为番茄遗传改良提供资源与理论参考。【方法】通过对“新疆维吾尔自治区第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”(简称新疆“三普”)及“新疆农作物种质资源系统调查和抢救性收集”收集的137份番茄种质资源测定全生育期表型性状,利用遗传多样性分析、变异分析、相关性分析、主成分综合评价等方法,分析新疆“三普”收集番茄资源多样性,筛选品质优异的番茄资源。【结果】新疆“三普”收集到的番茄资源90%以上为无限生长的普通大果型鲜食番茄,5%的为有限生长类加工番茄;番茄果实性状和风味品质性状的遗传多样性最丰富,其中果形的遗传多样性指数最高1.432、心室数变异系数最大43%;按照番茄风味品质综合评价值进行聚类分析,分为七大类群,其中Ⅰ、Ⅲ类群为品质优异的樱桃番茄资源,第Ⅱ类群为品质优异的大果型番茄资源,可作为优质番茄育种的优异种质资源及分子育种材料。【结论】新疆三普收集的番茄种质资源表型多样性丰富,筛选出了风味品质优异的樱桃番茄资源和大果番茄资源。

关键词: 番茄, 种质资源, 鉴定评价, 优异种质

CLC Number:

S641.2

LI Yushan, MA Yue, ZHANG Yukun, TIAN Chao, ZHAO Lianjia, WANG Fengqin, LI Zhongqing, WANG Fan, QING Quan, SONG Yu. Phenotypic characterization and evaluation of tomato germplasm resources resources of Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(7): 1687-1696.

李玉姗, 马越, 张瑜琨, 田超, 赵连佳, 王风琴, 李忠晴, 王帆, 卿全, 宋羽. 新疆番茄种质资源表型鉴定与评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(7): 1687-1696.

Figures/Tables 8

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性状 Triats	多样性指数 H'	性状 Triat	多样性指数 H'	性状 Triat	多样性指数 H'
下胚轴颜色(HC)	0.043	簇生花(FIC)	0.568	果肩形状(FSS)	0.732
生长习性(GH)	0.300	花柱长度(SL)	1.057	果肩色(FSC)	1.023
株型(PT)	0.420	花柱形状(SS)	1.002	绿果肩大小(SOGS)	0.919
茎叶茸毛(SALF)	1.32	花色(FC)	0.265	果形(FS)	1.432
叶片类型(LT)	0.620	花梗离层()	0.043	横切面形状(SOFC)	0.49
叶片形状(LS)	0.130	成熟前果色(FCPTR)	0.849	果肉色(PC)	0.967
叶状态(LA)	0.667	成熟果色(MFC)	1.234	胶状物颜色(COPG)	1.354
叶色(LC)	0.516	果肩棱沟(FSRG)	1.197	果皮色(FPC)	1.162
叶脉色(LVC)	0.279	果面茸毛(FSF)	0.691	肉质(PF)	1.127
叶裂刻(LI)	0.346	果顶形状(FTS)	1.118	风味 (FF)	1.036
花序类型(IT)	0.683	果肩(FS)	0.664	综合品质(CQ)	0.86

性状 Triats	多样性指数 H'	性状 Triat	多样性指数 H'	性状 Triat	多样性指数 H'
下胚轴颜色(HC)	0.043	簇生花(FIC)	0.568	果肩形状(FSS)	0.732
生长习性(GH)	0.300	花柱长度(SL)	1.057	果肩色(FSC)	1.023
株型(PT)	0.420	花柱形状(SS)	1.002	绿果肩大小(SOGS)	0.919
茎叶茸毛(SALF)	1.32	花色(FC)	0.265	果形(FS)	1.432
叶片类型(LT)	0.620	花梗离层()	0.043	横切面形状(SOFC)	0.49
叶片形状(LS)	0.130	成熟前果色(FCPTR)	0.849	果肉色(PC)	0.967
叶状态(LA)	0.667	成熟果色(MFC)	1.234	胶状物颜色(COPG)	1.354
叶色(LC)	0.516	果肩棱沟(FSRG)	1.197	果皮色(FPC)	1.162
叶脉色(LVC)	0.279	果面茸毛(FSF)	0.691	肉质(PF)	1.127
叶裂刻(LI)	0.346	果顶形状(FTS)	1.118	风味 (FF)	1.036
花序类型(IT)	0.683	果肩(FS)	0.664	综合品质(CQ)	0.86

性状 Traits	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV	最大值 Max	最小值 MIN	极差 Range
株高PH(cm)	181.84	40.01	22%	240.29	65.60	174.69
叶片长LL(cm)	36.61	4.08	11%	47.97	22.72	25.25
叶片宽LW(cm)	35.98	4.63	13%	45.83	21.53	24.30
首花序节位FIN(节)	7.88	0.92	12%	10.00	5.70	4.30
第二花序节位SIN(节)	10.71	1.00	9%	13.00	8.00	5.00
单花序花数FNPI(个)	6.10	1.37	22%	13.00	3.30	9.70
萼片数SN(片)	7.26	1.34	18%	11.60	5.02	6.58
果柄长度PL(cm)	1.09	0.33	31%	2.68	0.43	2.25
果实纵径FLD(cm)	5.87	1.05	18%	13.85	2.86	10.99
果实横径FTD(cm)	7.09	1.42	20%	11.47	2.71	8.76
果梗洼大小SCS(cm)	1.01	0.27	27%	1.93	0.20	1.73
木栓化大小FSA(cm)	1.74	0.48	28%	3.00	0.39	2.61
果肉厚FT(cm)	0.63	0.12	19%	0.98	0.27	0.71
心室数LN(cm)	6.66	2.86	43%	15.00	2.00	13.00
单果重IFW(g)	176.34	71.75	41%	436.51	14.82	421.69
果实硬度FF(N)	11.61	2.22	19%	21.75	7.50	14.25
可溶性固形物含量SSS(°Brix)	5.21	0.62	12%	7.44	3.72	3.72
总糖含量TSC	5.03	0.71	14%	7.61	3.14	4.47
总酸含量TAC	1.52	0.38	25%	2.32	0.61	1.71
糖酸比STAR	3.79	1.29	34%	11.59	2.22	9.36

性状 Traits	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV	最大值 Max	最小值 MIN	极差 Range
株高PH(cm)	181.84	40.01	22%	240.29	65.60	174.69
叶片长LL(cm)	36.61	4.08	11%	47.97	22.72	25.25
叶片宽LW(cm)	35.98	4.63	13%	45.83	21.53	24.30
首花序节位FIN(节)	7.88	0.92	12%	10.00	5.70	4.30
第二花序节位SIN(节)	10.71	1.00	9%	13.00	8.00	5.00
单花序花数FNPI(个)	6.10	1.37	22%	13.00	3.30	9.70
萼片数SN(片)	7.26	1.34	18%	11.60	5.02	6.58
果柄长度PL(cm)	1.09	0.33	31%	2.68	0.43	2.25
果实纵径FLD(cm)	5.87	1.05	18%	13.85	2.86	10.99
果实横径FTD(cm)	7.09	1.42	20%	11.47	2.71	8.76
果梗洼大小SCS(cm)	1.01	0.27	27%	1.93	0.20	1.73
木栓化大小FSA(cm)	1.74	0.48	28%	3.00	0.39	2.61
果肉厚FT(cm)	0.63	0.12	19%	0.98	0.27	0.71
心室数LN(cm)	6.66	2.86	43%	15.00	2.00	13.00
单果重IFW(g)	176.34	71.75	41%	436.51	14.82	421.69
果实硬度FF(N)	11.61	2.22	19%	21.75	7.50	14.25
可溶性固形物含量SSS(°Brix)	5.21	0.62	12%	7.44	3.72	3.72
总糖含量TSC	5.03	0.71	14%	7.61	3.14	4.47
总酸含量TAC	1.52	0.38	25%	2.32	0.61	1.71
糖酸比STAR	3.79	1.29	34%	11.59	2.22	9.36

性状 Triats	主成分 Principal component		线性组合中的系数 Coefficients in linear combinations
性状 Triats	PC₁	PC₂	PC₁	PC₂
糖酸比(Sugar acid ratio,SAR)	0.798	-0.543	0.54	-0.42
可溶性固形物(Soluble solids,SS)	0.773	0.538	0.52	0.41
糖度(Sugar content,SC)	0.731	0.605	0.49	0.47
硬度(Fruit Hardness,FH)	-0.185	0.122	-0.12	0.09
酸度(Acidity,AC)	-0.474	0.847	-0.32	0.65
特征值(Characteristic value CV)	2.027	1.683
贡献率(Contribution rateCR)	37.45%	36.74%
累计贡献率(Accumulating contribution rate ACR)	37.45%	74.19%

Phenotypic characterization and evaluation of tomato germplasm resources resources of Xinjiang

新疆番茄种质资源表型鉴定与评价

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