Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 510-520.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.02.029
• Prataculture·Animal Husbandry Veterinarian·Agricultural Eeconomy • Previous Articles
LIU Xiaomei(), GUAN Quanli(
), QIN Xiangyu, ZHANG Siyuan
Received:
2024-08-24
Online:
2025-02-20
Published:
2025-04-17
Correspondence author:
GUAN Quanli
Supported by:
通讯作者:
关全力
作者简介:
刘晓美(1997-),女,重庆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业和水利经济管理,(E-mail)2801055233@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
LIU Xiaomei, GUAN Quanli, QIN Xiangyu, ZHANG Siyuan. An empirical study on the level and efficiency of efficient water-saving irrigation integrated management[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(2): 510-520.
刘晓美, 关全力, 秦相宇, 张思源. 高效节水灌溉一体化管理水平及效率的实证分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(2): 510-520.
一级指标 First-level indicators | 二级指标 Secondary indicators | 三级指标 Three-level indicators | 指标说明 Indicator description |
---|---|---|---|
高效节水灌溉 一体化管理水平 Integrated management level of efficient water-saving irrigation | 管理者 | 用水总量控制 ( B1)(m3) | 实行用水总量控制制度 |
灌溉用水定额 ( B2)(m3/hm2) | 沙雅县用水总量指标分解到乡、村,执行农业用水定额管理 | ||
用水补贴 ( B3)(104元) | 用水补贴主要是指水费补贴,制定完善水费补贴资金管理,定额内实际灌既用水量×0.08元/m3 | ||
末级维护费补助 ( B4)(104元) | 末级维护费包括高效节水工程维护费和末级渠系维护费,制定末级维护费补助管理办法,保证工程的运行维护,定额内实际灌溉用水量×末级维护费0.105元/m3 | ||
供水者 | 管理人员 ( B5)(个) | 管理人员用各乡镇水管站综合素质较高的管理人员个数表示,具体是指会使用设备、计量设施、数据传输等操作的人员 | |
灌溉保证率 ( B6)(%) | 灌溉保证率是指灌溉设施对灌区用水的保证程度,是衡量灌溉系统运行效率的重要指标,实际灌溉水量/计划灌溉水量 | ||
滴灌设备稳定运行率 ( B7)(%) | 在高效节水工程系统内,滴灌设备稳定运行率是考察设备性能和工程运行情况的重要指标,稳定运行的滴灌设备/总滴灌设备 | ||
实收水费 ( B8)(104元) | 实行差异化水价和超定额累进加价,按照“多用水多付费”原则,水价制定合理可以促进农业节水利用,反之会阻碍农业节水发展,目前终端水价为0.131元/m3,首部运行维护费0.094元/m3 | ||
用水者 | 单位面积棉花产量 ( B9)(kg/hm2) | 单位面积棉花产量=棉花总产量/棉花播种面积 | |
单位面积粮食产量 ( B10)(kg/hm2) | 单位面积粮食产量=粮食总产量/粮食播种面积 | ||
种植成本 ( B11)(104元) | 农户种植成本主要包括农机作业费、农资费用、节水灌溉成本电费、田间管理人工费等 | ||
农业收入 ( B12)(104元) | 农业收入主要是农民通过对农作物和农产品的销售获得的收入 |
Tab.1 Index System for Calculating the Integrated Management Level of Efficient Water-saving Irrigation
一级指标 First-level indicators | 二级指标 Secondary indicators | 三级指标 Three-level indicators | 指标说明 Indicator description |
---|---|---|---|
高效节水灌溉 一体化管理水平 Integrated management level of efficient water-saving irrigation | 管理者 | 用水总量控制 ( B1)(m3) | 实行用水总量控制制度 |
灌溉用水定额 ( B2)(m3/hm2) | 沙雅县用水总量指标分解到乡、村,执行农业用水定额管理 | ||
用水补贴 ( B3)(104元) | 用水补贴主要是指水费补贴,制定完善水费补贴资金管理,定额内实际灌既用水量×0.08元/m3 | ||
末级维护费补助 ( B4)(104元) | 末级维护费包括高效节水工程维护费和末级渠系维护费,制定末级维护费补助管理办法,保证工程的运行维护,定额内实际灌溉用水量×末级维护费0.105元/m3 | ||
供水者 | 管理人员 ( B5)(个) | 管理人员用各乡镇水管站综合素质较高的管理人员个数表示,具体是指会使用设备、计量设施、数据传输等操作的人员 | |
灌溉保证率 ( B6)(%) | 灌溉保证率是指灌溉设施对灌区用水的保证程度,是衡量灌溉系统运行效率的重要指标,实际灌溉水量/计划灌溉水量 | ||
滴灌设备稳定运行率 ( B7)(%) | 在高效节水工程系统内,滴灌设备稳定运行率是考察设备性能和工程运行情况的重要指标,稳定运行的滴灌设备/总滴灌设备 | ||
实收水费 ( B8)(104元) | 实行差异化水价和超定额累进加价,按照“多用水多付费”原则,水价制定合理可以促进农业节水利用,反之会阻碍农业节水发展,目前终端水价为0.131元/m3,首部运行维护费0.094元/m3 | ||
用水者 | 单位面积棉花产量 ( B9)(kg/hm2) | 单位面积棉花产量=棉花总产量/棉花播种面积 | |
单位面积粮食产量 ( B10)(kg/hm2) | 单位面积粮食产量=粮食总产量/粮食播种面积 | ||
种植成本 ( B11)(104元) | 农户种植成本主要包括农机作业费、农资费用、节水灌溉成本电费、田间管理人工费等 | ||
农业收入 ( B12)(104元) | 农业收入主要是农民通过对农作物和农产品的销售获得的收入 |
协调度 Coordination degree | 协调等级 Coordination level |
---|---|
[0,0.2) | 极度失调 |
[0.2,0.4) | 轻度失调 |
[0.4,0.6) | 濒临失调 |
[0.6,0.8) | 基本协调 |
[0.8,1.0] | 优质协调 |
Tab.2 Coordination evaluation level division
协调度 Coordination degree | 协调等级 Coordination level |
---|---|
[0,0.2) | 极度失调 |
[0.2,0.4) | 轻度失调 |
[0.4,0.6) | 濒临失调 |
[0.6,0.8) | 基本协调 |
[0.8,1.0] | 优质协调 |
指标 Indicators | 均值 Mean value | 最大值 Maximum value | 最小值 Minimum value | 标准差 Standard deviation |
---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 79 916 270.017 | 115 491 125.532 | 40 750 459.014 | 24 525 516.786 |
B2 | 6 750.000 | 7 065.000 | 6 480.000 | 173.267 |
B3 | 552.906 | 773.100 | 310.940 | 150.716 |
B4 | 725.687 | 1 014.690 | 408.110 | 197.813 |
B5 | 11.857 | 18.000 | 7.000 | 3.044 |
B6 | 109.971 | 122.191 | 97.846 | 7.116 |
B7 | 94.674 | 98.670 | 89.530 | 2.930 |
B8 | 869.544 | 1 225.240 | 486.830 | 237.505 |
B9 | 2 035.350 | 2 076.450 | 1 973.700 | 34.787 |
B10 | 6 622.082 | 6 638.550 | 6 593.925 | 14.300 |
B11 | 23 279.639 | 36 661.770 | 13 043.670 | 7 053.084 |
B12 | 37 280.529 | 56 705.000 | 18 634.500 | 12 920.654 |
Tab.3 Descriptive statistics of integrated management level index for efficient water-saving irrigation
指标 Indicators | 均值 Mean value | 最大值 Maximum value | 最小值 Minimum value | 标准差 Standard deviation |
---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 79 916 270.017 | 115 491 125.532 | 40 750 459.014 | 24 525 516.786 |
B2 | 6 750.000 | 7 065.000 | 6 480.000 | 173.267 |
B3 | 552.906 | 773.100 | 310.940 | 150.716 |
B4 | 725.687 | 1 014.690 | 408.110 | 197.813 |
B5 | 11.857 | 18.000 | 7.000 | 3.044 |
B6 | 109.971 | 122.191 | 97.846 | 7.116 |
B7 | 94.674 | 98.670 | 89.530 | 2.930 |
B8 | 869.544 | 1 225.240 | 486.830 | 237.505 |
B9 | 2 035.350 | 2 076.450 | 1 973.700 | 34.787 |
B10 | 6 622.082 | 6 638.550 | 6 593.925 | 14.300 |
B11 | 23 279.639 | 36 661.770 | 13 043.670 | 7 053.084 |
B12 | 37 280.529 | 56 705.000 | 18 634.500 | 12 920.654 |
乡镇名称 The name of the township | 管理者 Managers | 供水者 Water suppliers | 用水者 Water users |
---|---|---|---|
英买力镇 Yingmaili Town | 0.442 | 0.602 | 0.366 |
央塔克协海尔乡 Yangtakexie haier Township | 0.451 | 0.531 | 0.246 |
红旗镇 Hongqi Town | 0.666 | 0.400 | 0.721 |
海楼乡 Hailou Township | 0.513 | 0.353 | 0.618 |
努尔巴格镇 Nuerbage Town | 0.281 | 0.746 | 0.579 |
托依堡勒迪镇 Tuoyibaoledi Town | 0.719 | 0.142 | 0.632 |
古勒巴格镇 Gulebage Town | 0.522 | 0.694 | 0.765 |
均值 Mean value | 0.513 | 0.495 | 0.561 |
Tab.4 Results of average index measurement of managers, water suppliers and water users
乡镇名称 The name of the township | 管理者 Managers | 供水者 Water suppliers | 用水者 Water users |
---|---|---|---|
英买力镇 Yingmaili Town | 0.442 | 0.602 | 0.366 |
央塔克协海尔乡 Yangtakexie haier Township | 0.451 | 0.531 | 0.246 |
红旗镇 Hongqi Town | 0.666 | 0.400 | 0.721 |
海楼乡 Hailou Township | 0.513 | 0.353 | 0.618 |
努尔巴格镇 Nuerbage Town | 0.281 | 0.746 | 0.579 |
托依堡勒迪镇 Tuoyibaoledi Town | 0.719 | 0.142 | 0.632 |
古勒巴格镇 Gulebage Town | 0.522 | 0.694 | 0.765 |
均值 Mean value | 0.513 | 0.495 | 0.561 |
乡镇名称 The name of the township | 耦合度 Coupling degree | 协调度 Coordination degree | 协调等级 Coordination level |
---|---|---|---|
英买力镇 Yingmaili Town | 0.979 | 0.678 | 基本协调 |
央塔克协海尔乡 Yangtakexie haier Township | 0.951 | 0.624 | 基本协调 |
红旗镇 Hongqi Town | 0.969 | 0.760 | 基本协调 |
海楼乡 Hailou Township | 0.974 | 0.694 | 基本协调 |
努尔巴格镇 Nuerbage Town | 0.925 | 0.704 | 基本协调 |
托依堡勒迪镇 Tuoyibaoledi Town | 0.806 | 0.634 | 基本协调 |
古勒巴格镇 Gulebage Town | 0.987 | 0.807 | 优质协调 |
均值 Mean value | 0.942 | 0.700 | 基本协调 |
Tab.5 Measurement results of integrated management level for efficient water-saving irrigation
乡镇名称 The name of the township | 耦合度 Coupling degree | 协调度 Coordination degree | 协调等级 Coordination level |
---|---|---|---|
英买力镇 Yingmaili Town | 0.979 | 0.678 | 基本协调 |
央塔克协海尔乡 Yangtakexie haier Township | 0.951 | 0.624 | 基本协调 |
红旗镇 Hongqi Town | 0.969 | 0.760 | 基本协调 |
海楼乡 Hailou Township | 0.974 | 0.694 | 基本协调 |
努尔巴格镇 Nuerbage Town | 0.925 | 0.704 | 基本协调 |
托依堡勒迪镇 Tuoyibaoledi Town | 0.806 | 0.634 | 基本协调 |
古勒巴格镇 Gulebage Town | 0.987 | 0.807 | 优质协调 |
均值 Mean value | 0.942 | 0.700 | 基本协调 |
系数 Coefficient | 标准差 Standard deviation | t检验 t-test | |
---|---|---|---|
β0 | 0.712 | 1.823 | 0.390 |
β1 | 2.628*** | 0.361 | 7.283 |
β2 | -2.623*** | 0.034 | -76.610 |
β3 | 0.981*** | 0.134 | 7.339 |
σ2 | 0.011*** | 0.004 | 2.735 |
γ | 0.999*** | 0.001 | 727.334 |
μ | 0.049** | 0.041 | 1.207 |
log likelihood function =9.310 | |||
LR test of the one-sided error =2.075 |
Tab.6 Stochastic frontier production function model and t-test values
系数 Coefficient | 标准差 Standard deviation | t检验 t-test | |
---|---|---|---|
β0 | 0.712 | 1.823 | 0.390 |
β1 | 2.628*** | 0.361 | 7.283 |
β2 | -2.623*** | 0.034 | -76.610 |
β3 | 0.981*** | 0.134 | 7.339 |
σ2 | 0.011*** | 0.004 | 2.735 |
γ | 0.999*** | 0.001 | 727.334 |
μ | 0.049** | 0.041 | 1.207 |
log likelihood function =9.310 | |||
LR test of the one-sided error =2.075 |
乡镇名称 The name of the township | 效率值 Efficiency value |
---|---|
英买力镇 Yingmaili Town | 0.950 |
央塔克协海尔乡 Yangtakexiehaier Township | 0.768 |
红旗镇 Hongqi Town | 0.922 |
海楼乡 Hailou Township | 0.881 |
努尔巴格镇 Nuerbage Town | 0.998 |
托依堡勒迪镇 Tuoyibaoledi Town | 0.889 |
古勒巴格镇 Gulebage Town | 0.960 |
均值 Mean value | 0.910 |
Tab.7 Measurement results of integrated management efficiency for efficient water-saving irrigation
乡镇名称 The name of the township | 效率值 Efficiency value |
---|---|
英买力镇 Yingmaili Town | 0.950 |
央塔克协海尔乡 Yangtakexiehaier Township | 0.768 |
红旗镇 Hongqi Town | 0.922 |
海楼乡 Hailou Township | 0.881 |
努尔巴格镇 Nuerbage Town | 0.998 |
托依堡勒迪镇 Tuoyibaoledi Town | 0.889 |
古勒巴格镇 Gulebage Town | 0.960 |
均值 Mean value | 0.910 |
变量 Variable | 回归系数 Regression coefficient | t | P>|t| |
---|---|---|---|
常数Constant | 8.598*** | 6.270 | 0.008 |
X1 | 1.855*** | 10.610 | 0.002 |
X2 | -0.064*** | -9.870 | 0.002 |
X3 | 0.025*** | 7.060 | 0.006 |
X4 | -1.108*** | -8.310 | 0.004 |
X5 | 0.124 | 1.450 | 0.244 |
Tab.8 Estimation results of tobit model regression
变量 Variable | 回归系数 Regression coefficient | t | P>|t| |
---|---|---|---|
常数Constant | 8.598*** | 6.270 | 0.008 |
X1 | 1.855*** | 10.610 | 0.002 |
X2 | -0.064*** | -9.870 | 0.002 |
X3 | 0.025*** | 7.060 | 0.006 |
X4 | -1.108*** | -8.310 | 0.004 |
X5 | 0.124 | 1.450 | 0.244 |
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