Comparative study on biochemical indexes in plasma of different breeds of pregnant horse under the condition of same dietary nutrient levels

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.025

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Study the changes of blood routine biochemical indexes of pregnant mares in the later stage of pregnancy and provide reference for the healthy breeding and scientific breeding of pregnant mares.【Methods】18 Ili horses, 21 Kazakh horses, 21 thoroughbred horses, 21 hybrid horses (Ili horses) with average age (7.50 ± 1.50 years), similar parity (3-4 fetuses), consistent fat and health status were selected for the experiment ♀×Orlovma ♂) 19 horses.The varieties were taken as the unit and they were divided into four experimental groups.Under the same dietary nutrition level and management conditions, the feeding experiment was conducted for 90 days.At the end of the trial period, the blood of pregnant horses was collected from the fasting neck vein in the morning and the relevant indexes were measured.【Results】(1) the total protein, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein in plasma of pure blood horses were 58.39% (P < 0.05), 44.01% (P < 0.01) and 32.16% (P < 0.01) higher than those of the other three breeds, respectively.(2) The total bilirubin in plasma of Ili horse, Kazak horse and pure blood horse was significantly higher than that of hybrid horse (P < 0.01), increased by 84.51%, 131.35% and 93.17%, respectively.The direct bilirubin of Ili horse and Kazak horse was higher than that of hybrid horse by 82.50% and 89.83%, respectively (P < 0.05).(3) The glucose levels of Ili horse and thoroughbred horse were 106.93% and 148.18% higher than that of Kazakh horse respectively (P < 0.01).【Conclusion】Under the same nutrition level and feeding and management conditions, due to the difference of breeds, the protein, liver function enzyme activity and blood sugar level of pure blood horses during pregnancy are superior to those of other breeds.Compared with the other three breeds, hybrid horses have defects in liver function metabolism and blood glucose level during pregnancy.

Key words: horse; pregnancy period; biochemical index; nutritional level

摘要：

【目的】研究妊娠后期母马血液常规生化指标的变化,为妊娠母马的健康养殖和科学饲养提供参考依据。【方法】选择平均年龄(7.50±1.50)岁、胎次相近(3~4)胎、膘情、健康状况一致的伊犁马18匹,哈萨克马21匹,纯血马21匹,杂交马(伊犁马♀×奥尔洛夫马♂)19匹。以品种为单位,分为4个试验组,在相同日粮营养水平和管理条件下,饲养试验90 d。试验期结束当天,早晨空腹颈部静脉采集孕马血液并测定相关指标。【结果】(1)纯血马血浆中总蛋白、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白分别高于其他三个品种58.39%(P<0.05)、44.01%(P<0.01)和32.16%(P<0.01)。(2)其中伊犁马、哈萨克马和纯血马血浆总胆红素极显著高于杂交马(P<0.01),分别提高了84.51%、131.35%和93.17%,伊犁马和哈萨克马直接胆红素分别高于杂交马82.50%和89.83%(P<0.05)。(3)伊犁马和纯血马葡萄糖水平分别高于哈萨克马106.93%和148.18%(P<0.01)。【结论】在相同营养水平和饲养管理条件下,因其品种差异,纯血马妊娠期与其他品种的蛋白质、肝功能酶活力及血糖水平都较为优异。而杂交马在妊娠期间肝功能代谢及血糖水平方面相较于其他3个品种马较低。

关键词: 马, 妊娠期, 生化指标, 营养水平

CLC Number:

S821

YANG Fan, GUO Cuijie, REN Feier, LI Hai, MA Yuhui, CHEN Kaixu. Comparative study on biochemical indexes in plasma of different breeds of pregnant horse under the condition of same dietary nutrient levels[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(5): 1268-1276.

杨帆, 郭翠洁, 任斐儿, 李海, 马玉辉, 陈开旭. 不同品种孕马血浆生化指标比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1268-1276.

Figures/Tables 5

References 39

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营养物质 Nutrients	苜蓿 Clover	牧草 Grass	精料补充料 Concentrate supplement	日粮营养水平 (精粗比80∶20) Dietary nutrient levels (forage-to- concentrate ratio 80∶20)
干物质 Dry matter	94.57	94.63	91.16	93.91
有机物 Organic matter	92.27	93.23	93.67	92.93
粗蛋白质 Crude protein	17.50	6.82	16.86	13.10
中性洗剂纤维 Neutral washing fiber	55.34	68.42	24.46	54.39
酸性洗剂纤维 Acid wash fiber	37.72	41.79	5.10	32.82
钙Ca	0.56	0.25	0.40	0.40
磷P	0.14	0.1	0.65	0.23

营养物质 Nutrients	苜蓿 Clover	牧草 Grass	精料补充料 Concentrate supplement	日粮营养水平 (精粗比80∶20) Dietary nutrient levels (forage-to- concentrate ratio 80∶20)
干物质 Dry matter	94.57	94.63	91.16	93.91
有机物 Organic matter	92.27	93.23	93.67	92.93
粗蛋白质 Crude protein	17.50	6.82	16.86	13.10
中性洗剂纤维 Neutral washing fiber	55.34	68.42	24.46	54.39
酸性洗剂纤维 Acid wash fiber	37.72	41.79	5.10	32.82
钙Ca	0.56	0.25	0.40	0.40
磷P	0.14	0.1	0.65	0.23

项目 Items	干物质采食量 Dry matter intake (kg)
伊犁马Yili horses	14.09
哈萨克马Kazakh horse	13.52
纯血马Thoroughbred horse	13.79
杂交马Hybrid horses	13.25

项目 Items	干物质采食量 Dry matter intake (kg)
伊犁马Yili horses	14.09
哈萨克马Kazakh horse	13.52
纯血马Thoroughbred horse	13.79
杂交马Hybrid horses	13.25

项目 Items	伊犁马 Yili horses	哈萨克马 Kazakh horse	纯血马 Thoroughbred horse	杂交马 Hybrid horses	范围 Scope
总蛋白(TP,U/L)	65.18±7.50^bB	70.04±8.47b^bB	96.38±62.11^aA	71.39±11.52b^bB	29.90-95.00
白蛋白(ALB,U/L)	30.22±8.10	32.21±6.41	44.13±7.80	49.87±61.90	22.40-59.00
尿素氮(UREA,mmol/L)	8.70±11.68	6.82±1.52	6.97±1.78	6.90±1.30	1.94-9.69
尿酸(UA,μmol/L)	227.6±55.25	240.23±73.82	264.31±77.22	243.89±73.26	112.00-365.00
肌酐(CREA,μmol/L)	36.46±8.43^cC	70.80±53.92^bB	81.69±13.63^bB	120.79±36.8^aA	10.50-177.60
甘油三酯(TG,mmol/L)	0.97±0.74^bBC	0.46±0.54^cC	2.10±0.34^aA	1.26±0.88^bB	0.14-2.37
高密度脂蛋白 (HDL-C,mmol/L)	1.04±0.50^b	1.06±0.30^b	1.18±0.15^ab	1.46±0.68^a	0.37-3.26
低密度脂蛋白 (LDL-C,mmol/L)	2.34±1.31^bcAB	2.55±1.23^bAB	3.37±0.30^aA	1.61±1.47^cB	0.17-4.06