The impact of high temperature on different thick -skinned melon varieties and comprehensive evaluation of its heat resistance

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.011

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 1386-1396.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.011

• Horticultural Special Local Products • Agricultural Product Processing Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

The impact of high temperature on different thick -skinned melon varieties and comprehensive evaluation of its heat resistance

YANG Junyan¹(), YAN Miao¹, WU Haibo², YANG Wenli¹, WANG Haojie¹, MAO Jiancai¹, ZHAI Wenqiang¹, LI Junhua¹()

1. The Cantaloupe Research Center of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Turpan Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Turpan Xinjiang 838000, China

Received:2023-11-02 Online:2024-06-20 Published:2024-08-08
Correspondence author: LI Junhua
Supported by:
Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Watermelon Industrial Technology System(CARS-25);Research and Demonstration and Promotion Project of Transplanting watermelon Seedlings to Promote Early Ripening Cultivation Technology of Tianshan Talents of Autonomous Region - Key Talents of agriculture and rural areas in Kashi Region(2022SNGGNT077);Xinjiang Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System (Green Cultivation)(XJARS-06)

高温对不同厚皮甜瓜品种种子萌发的影响及其耐热性综合评价

杨君妍¹(), 闫淼¹, 吴海波², 杨文莉¹, 王豪杰¹, 毛建才¹, 翟文强¹, 李俊华¹()

1.新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业科学院吐鲁番研究所,新疆吐鲁番 838000

通讯作者: 李俊华
作者简介:杨君妍(1994-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为西甜瓜育种,(E-mail)yangjunyan0913@126.com
基金资助:
国家西甜瓜产业技术体系喀什综合试验站(CARS-25);自治区天山英才-三农骨干人才-喀什地区“小拱棚西甜瓜育苗移栽促早熟栽培技术研究及示范推广项目”(2022SNGGNT077);新疆现代农业产业技术体系(绿色栽培)(XJARS-06)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effect of high temperature on the germination of thick skin melon seeds and the differences in high-temperature tolerance among different thick skin melon varieties in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the selection of more high-temperature resistant thick skin melon varieties and the seedling management and promotion application of thick skin melon. 【Methods】 Five main thick skinned melon varieties in Xinjiang with different heat resistance, Nasmi, Huangpi 9818, Xinmi 14 (Xinhongxincui), Huangmengcui and Kalakesai (Jiashigua), were used as test materials, and treated at 4 temperatures (28 (CK), 35, 40 and 50℃). The germination potential, germination rate, germination index and activity index of thick skinned melon seeds at the germination stage were compared. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) The activities of peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) contents were studied. 【Results】 The seeds of 5 thick skinned melon varieties were able to germinate and grow normally at 28℃, and the germination was relatively neat; At 35℃, muskmelon seeds could germinate faster, but excessive germination led to overgrowth and uneven growth; At 40℃, the germination effect of seeds was similar to that of 35℃, with slight inhibition of growth and acceleration of elongation, but not enough to distinguish the differences in heat resistance among varieties; At 50℃, the germination of melon seeds was delayed, and the embryonic roots gradually decayed after germination. The high-temperature inhibition effect was significant, and there was a significant difference in germination ability between strains. At 50℃, the antioxidant enzyme activity of varieties with good heat resistance increased, while the antioxidant enzyme activity of varieties with poor heat resistance decreased. SOD and POD played a greater role than CAT, and the increase in MDA was inversely proportional to heat resistance, while the increase in proline was directly proportional to heat resistance. 【Conclusion】 The five thick skin melon varieties can be divided into two different heat tolerance levels: heat resistant and heat sensitive. The heat resistant types are Huangmengcui and Nasimi; Heat sensitive type: Huangpi 9818, Xinmi 14, Kalakesai. Three thick skinned melon varieties (Huangmengcui, Nasimi, Huangpi 9818) bred through cross breeding have better heat resistance during seed germination than the other two typical Xinjiang melon landraces (Xinmi 14, Kalakesai).

Key words: thick skin melon; high temperature stress; seed germination; comprehensive evaluation

摘要：

【目的】研究高温对厚皮甜瓜种子萌发的影响以及不同厚皮甜瓜品种间耐高温能力的差异,为较耐高温厚皮甜瓜品种的筛选和厚皮甜瓜的育苗提供理论依据。【方法】以耐热性不同的5个新疆主栽厚皮甜瓜品种纳斯密、黄皮9818、新密14号(新红心脆)、黄梦脆和卡拉克赛(伽师瓜)为材料,设4个温度(28(CK)、35、40和50℃)处理,对比厚皮甜瓜种子萌发阶段的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数,以28和50℃芽苗样本测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量,研究高温对不同厚皮甜瓜品种种子萌发和生理指标的影响,并分析相关指标和评价综合耐热性。【结果】5个厚皮甜瓜品种种子在28℃下能够正常萌发及生长,且发芽比较整齐;在35℃下,能使甜瓜种子更快萌发,但发芽过速易徒长,长势不整齐;在40℃下,种子萌发效果与35℃类似,生长开始受到轻微抑制且徒长加速,但不足以区分品种间的耐热性差异;在50℃下,延缓甜瓜种子的萌发,萌发后胚根逐渐腐烂,高温抑制作用明显且品系间的发芽能力差异显著。50℃下,耐热性好的品种抗氧化酶活性升高,而耐热性较差的品种抗氧化酶活性降低,其中SOD、POD较CAT发挥了更大作用,MDA增幅与耐热性成反比,脯氨酸增幅与耐热性成正比。【结论】5个厚皮甜瓜品种可划分为耐热型、热敏感型2个不同的耐热等级,耐热型:黄梦脆、纳斯密;热敏感型:黄皮9818、新密14号、卡拉克赛。黄梦脆、纳斯密、黄皮9818 3个厚皮甜瓜品种种子萌发期耐热性优于新密14号、卡拉克赛。

关键词: 厚皮甜瓜, 高温胁迫, 种子萌发, 综合评价

CLC Number:

S651

YANG Junyan, YAN Miao, WU Haibo, YANG Wenli, WANG Haojie, MAO Jiancai, ZHAI Wenqiang, LI Junhua. The impact of high temperature on different thick -skinned melon varieties and comprehensive evaluation of its heat resistance[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(6): 1386-1396.

杨君妍, 闫淼, 吴海波, 杨文莉, 王豪杰, 毛建才, 翟文强, 李俊华. 高温对不同厚皮甜瓜品种种子萌发的影响及其耐热性综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1386-1396.

Figures/Tables 9

Tab.1 Changes of high temperature stress on different melon varieties of seed germination ability

处理 Treatments (℃)	品种 Cultivar	发芽率 Germination percentage(%)	发芽势 Germination energy(%)	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
28(CK)	纳斯密	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	10.00±0.00^a	2.36±0.03^a
	黄梦脆	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	10.09±0.18^a	2.23±0.09^a
	黄皮9818	97.50±2.50^a	93.33±1.67^b	9.12±0.32^a	1.42±0.05^b
	新密14号	87.50±2.50^b	75.00±0.00^c	5.57±0.11^b	1.06±0.01^b
	卡拉克赛	86.67±1.67^b	56.67±1.67^d	6.25±0.67^b	1.28±0.22^b
35(T₁)	纳斯密	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	22.34±0.16^a	7.55±0.02^a
	黄梦脆	100.00±0.00^a	95.00±0.00^a	20.82±0.79^a	7.77±0.25^a
	黄皮9818	91.67±1.67^b	81.67±3.33^b	18.27±0.92^b	7.03±0.55^a
	新密14号	85.00±2.89^b	73.33±4.41^c	11.32±0.55^c	3.27±0.33^c
	卡拉克赛	76.67±3.33^c	58.33±1.67^d	11.09±0.13^c	4.35±0.08^b
40(T₂)	纳斯密	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	19.50±0.39^a	5.58±0.17^a
	黄梦脆	100.00±0.00^a	98.33±1.67^a	15.19±0.42^a	6.28±0.33^a
	黄皮9818	93.33±3.33^a	95.00±2.89^a	17.89±0.31^b	4.12±0.21^b
	新密14号	76.67±4.41^b	68.33±1.67^c	8.75±0.43^d	2.01±0.28^c
	卡拉克赛	75.00±2.89^b	75.00±2.89^b	10.63±0.45^c	2.51±0.07^c
50(T₃)	纳斯密	95.00±2.89^a	98.33±1.67^a	8.96±0.10^a	1.57±0.05^a
	黄梦脆	88.33±1.67^a	85.00±2.8 ${9^{a}}^{b}$	7.21±1.05^a	1.44±0.15^a
	黄皮9818	89.33±0.67^a	91.67±1.67^a	8.41±0.18^a	1.24±0.01^b
	新密14号	76.67±1.67^b	71.67±1.67^b	4.11±0.39^b	0.77±0.01^c
	卡拉克赛	55.00±2.89^c	45.00±8.66^c	3.20±1.01^b	0.55±0.15^c

Tab.1 Changes of high temperature stress on different melon varieties of seed germination ability

处理 Treatments (℃)	品种 Cultivar	发芽率 Germination percentage(%)	发芽势 Germination energy(%)	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
28(CK)	纳斯密	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	10.00±0.00^a	2.36±0.03^a
	黄梦脆	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	10.09±0.18^a	2.23±0.09^a
	黄皮9818	97.50±2.50^a	93.33±1.67^b	9.12±0.32^a	1.42±0.05^b
	新密14号	87.50±2.50^b	75.00±0.00^c	5.57±0.11^b	1.06±0.01^b
	卡拉克赛	86.67±1.67^b	56.67±1.67^d	6.25±0.67^b	1.28±0.22^b
35(T₁)	纳斯密	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	22.34±0.16^a	7.55±0.02^a
	黄梦脆	100.00±0.00^a	95.00±0.00^a	20.82±0.79^a	7.77±0.25^a
	黄皮9818	91.67±1.67^b	81.67±3.33^b	18.27±0.92^b	7.03±0.55^a
	新密14号	85.00±2.89^b	73.33±4.41^c	11.32±0.55^c	3.27±0.33^c
	卡拉克赛	76.67±3.33^c	58.33±1.67^d	11.09±0.13^c	4.35±0.08^b
40(T₂)	纳斯密	100.00±0.00^a	100.00±0.00^a	19.50±0.39^a	5.58±0.17^a
	黄梦脆	100.00±0.00^a	98.33±1.67^a	15.19±0.42^a	6.28±0.33^a
	黄皮9818	93.33±3.33^a	95.00±2.89^a	17.89±0.31^b	4.12±0.21^b
	新密14号	76.67±4.41^b	68.33±1.67^c	8.75±0.43^d	2.01±0.28^c
	卡拉克赛	75.00±2.89^b	75.00±2.89^b	10.63±0.45^c	2.51±0.07^c
50(T₃)	纳斯密	95.00±2.89^a	98.33±1.67^a	8.96±0.10^a	1.57±0.05^a
	黄梦脆	88.33±1.67^a	85.00±2.8 ${9^{a}}^{b}$	7.21±1.05^a	1.44±0.15^a
	黄皮9818	89.33±0.67^a	91.67±1.67^a	8.41±0.18^a	1.24±0.01^b
	新密14号	76.67±1.67^b	71.67±1.67^b	4.11±0.39^b	0.77±0.01^c
	卡拉克赛	55.00±2.89^c	45.00±8.66^c	3.20±1.01^b	0.55±0.15^c

Tab.2 Changes of high temperature stress on different melon varieties growth

处理 Treat- ments (℃)	品种 Cultivar	单株鲜重 Fresh weight per plant(g)		胚轴长度 Hypocotyl length(cm)		胚根长度 Radicle length(cm)
处理 Treat- ments (℃)	品种 Cultivar	3 d	5 d	3 d	5 d	3 d	5 d
28 (CK)	纳斯密	0.11±0.00^a	0.24±0.00^a	0.57±0.03^a	4.8±0.25^a	5.76±0.11^b	11.52±0.36^a
	黄梦脆	0.12±0.01^a	0.22±0.01^ab	0.5±0.02^b	3.67±0.10^b	6.51±0.40^a	9.99±0.71^ab
	黄皮9818	0.07±0.00^d	0.16±0.00^d	0.00±0.00^c	2.48±0.08^c	2.95±0.08^c	9.26±0.59^b
	新密14号	0.08±0.00^c	0.19±0.00^c	0.00±0.00^c	2.11±0.08^c	1.34±0.15^d	7.03±0.38^c
	卡拉克赛	0.10±0.00^b	0.20±0.01^bc	0.00±0.00^c	2.10±0.21^c	1.36±0.22^d	6.61±0.52^c
35 (T₁)	纳斯密	0.21±0.01^b	0.39±0.00^b	5.47±0.11^a	12.53±0.16^b	9.77±0.23^a	7.82±0.09^b
	黄梦脆	0.23±0.00^a	0.40±0.01^b	5.51±0.06^a	11.26±0.23^b	9.61±0.17^a	8.55±0.25^b
	黄皮9818	0.18±0.01^c	0.40±0.01^b	3.94±0.29^b	13.00±0.81^ab	8.16±0.94^ab	11.70±0.64^a
	新密14号	0.18±0.01^c	0.34±0.02^c	2.49±0.24^c	7.41±1.09^c	4.88±0.36^c	5.09±1.16^c
	卡拉克赛	0.17±0.01^c	0.45±0.01^a	2.25±0.03^c	14.73±0.44^a	7.68±0.44^b	8.65±0.06^b
40 (T₂)	纳斯密	0.14±0.00^b	0.31±0.00^a	1.98±0.09^a	8.49±0.14^a	8.39±0.20^a	11.79±0.10^a
	黄梦脆	0.16±0.00^a	0.32±0.01^a	2.04±0.14^a	8.47±0.12^a	9.01±0.14^a	9.49±0.63^c
	黄皮9818	0.10±0.00^c	0.27±0.01^b	1.10±0.09^b	8.17±0.26^a	8.41±0.30^a	11.42±0.24^ab
	新密14号	0.09±0.00^d	0.23±0.02^c	0.00±0.00^c	4.25±0.45^c	1.73±0.22^c	6.88±0.48^d
	卡拉克赛	0.09±0.00^d	0.24±0.01^c	0.00±0.00^c	5.80±0.24^b	3.33±0.09^b	10.28±0.50^bc
50 (T₃)	纳斯密	0.16±0.00^a	0.18±0.01^bc	4.07±0.01^a	5.16±0.38^a	3.06±0.04^a	2.39±0.33^a
	黄梦脆	0.13±0.01^b	0.20±0.00^a	2.14±0.03^d	5.07±0.42^a	1.39±0.15^c	2.06±0.32^ab
	黄皮9818	0.15±0.01^a	0.17±0.00^c	3.69±0.11^b	4.66±0.18^ab	2.14±0.05^b	2.04±0.27^ab
	新密14号	0.15±0.01^a	0.19±0.01^ab	2.18±0.10^d	3.95±0.13^b	1.49±0.04^c	1.25±0.20^bc
	卡拉克赛	0.16±0.01^a	0.17±0.00^bc	3.01±0.14^c	3.99±0.09^b	1.91±0.11^b	1.10±0.05^c

Tab.2 Changes of high temperature stress on different melon varieties growth

处理 Treat- ments (℃)	品种 Cultivar	单株鲜重 Fresh weight per plant(g)		胚轴长度 Hypocotyl length(cm)		胚根长度 Radicle length(cm)
处理 Treat- ments (℃)	品种 Cultivar	3 d	5 d	3 d	5 d	3 d	5 d
28 (CK)	纳斯密	0.11±0.00^a	0.24±0.00^a	0.57±0.03^a	4.8±0.25^a	5.76±0.11^b	11.52±0.36^a
	黄梦脆	0.12±0.01^a	0.22±0.01^ab	0.5±0.02^b	3.67±0.10^b	6.51±0.40^a	9.99±0.71^ab
	黄皮9818	0.07±0.00^d	0.16±0.00^d	0.00±0.00^c	2.48±0.08^c	2.95±0.08^c	9.26±0.59^b
	新密14号	0.08±0.00^c	0.19±0.00^c	0.00±0.00^c	2.11±0.08^c	1.34±0.15^d	7.03±0.38^c
	卡拉克赛	0.10±0.00^b	0.20±0.01^bc	0.00±0.00^c	2.10±0.21^c	1.36±0.22^d	6.61±0.52^c
35 (T₁)	纳斯密	0.21±0.01^b	0.39±0.00^b	5.47±0.11^a	12.53±0.16^b	9.77±0.23^a	7.82±0.09^b
	黄梦脆	0.23±0.00^a	0.40±0.01^b	5.51±0.06^a	11.26±0.23^b	9.61±0.17^a	8.55±0.25^b
	黄皮9818	0.18±0.01^c	0.40±0.01^b	3.94±0.29^b	13.00±0.81^ab	8.16±0.94^ab	11.70±0.64^a
	新密14号	0.18±0.01^c	0.34±0.02^c	2.49±0.24^c	7.41±1.09^c	4.88±0.36^c	5.09±1.16^c
	卡拉克赛	0.17±0.01^c	0.45±0.01^a	2.25±0.03^c	14.73±0.44^a	7.68±0.44^b	8.65±0.06^b
40 (T₂)	纳斯密	0.14±0.00^b	0.31±0.00^a	1.98±0.09^a	8.49±0.14^a	8.39±0.20^a	11.79±0.10^a
	黄梦脆	0.16±0.00^a	0.32±0.01^a	2.04±0.14^a	8.47±0.12^a	9.01±0.14^a	9.49±0.63^c
	黄皮9818	0.10±0.00^c	0.27±0.01^b	1.10±0.09^b	8.17±0.26^a	8.41±0.30^a	11.42±0.24^ab
	新密14号	0.09±0.00^d	0.23±0.02^c	0.00±0.00^c	4.25±0.45^c	1.73±0.22^c	6.88±0.48^d
	卡拉克赛	0.09±0.00^d	0.24±0.01^c	0.00±0.00^c	5.80±0.24^b	3.33±0.09^b	10.28±0.50^bc
50 (T₃)	纳斯密	0.16±0.00^a	0.18±0.01^bc	4.07±0.01^a	5.16±0.38^a	3.06±0.04^a	2.39±0.33^a
	黄梦脆	0.13±0.01^b	0.20±0.00^a	2.14±0.03^d	5.07±0.42^a	1.39±0.15^c	2.06±0.32^ab
	黄皮9818	0.15±0.01^a	0.17±0.00^c	3.69±0.11^b	4.66±0.18^ab	2.14±0.05^b	2.04±0.27^ab
	新密14号	0.15±0.01^a	0.19±0.01^ab	2.18±0.10^d	3.95±0.13^b	1.49±0.04^c	1.25±0.20^bc
	卡拉克赛	0.16±0.01^a	0.17±0.00^bc	3.01±0.14^c	3.99±0.09^b	1.91±0.11^b	1.10±0.05^c

Fig.1 Comparisons of different melon varieties of seeds under 50℃

Fig.2 Changes of high temperature coercion on different melon species sprout SOD, POD, and CAT activity

Fig.3 Changes of high temperature stress on different melon varieties sprout MDA and Pro content

Tab.3 The correlation coefficient of different melon varieties under high temperature coercion

	发芽率 Germin- ation	发芽势 Germin- ation potential	发芽指数 Germin- ation index	活力指数 Vitality index	鲜重 Fresh weight	胚轴长度 Hypocoty length	胚根长度 Radicle length	SOD 活性 Super- oxide dismutase	POD 活性 Peroxi- dase	CAT 活性 Cata- lase	丙二醛含量 Content of malondial- dehyde	脯氨酸含量 Proline content
发芽率 Germination	1.000
发芽势 Germination potential	0.841	1.000
发芽指数 Germination index	0.916^*	0.919^*	1.000
活力指数 Vitality index	0.817	0.837	0.867	1.000
鲜重 Fresh weight	0.159	0.241	0.212	0.659	1.000
胚轴长度 Hypocoty length	-0.526	-0.216	-0.389	0.033	0.709	1.000
胚根长度 Radicle length	0.797	0.591	0.859	0.741	0.215	-0.451	1.000
SOD活性 Superoxide dismutase	0.150	-0.368	-0.136	-0.324	-0.522	-0.729	0.170	1.000
POD活性 Peroxidase	0.286	-0.022	0.165	-0.279	-0.836	-0.965^**	0.290	0.881^*	1.000
CAT活性 Catalase	0.667	0.341	0.589	0.213	-0.488	-0.944^*	0.715	0.650	0.870	1.000
丙二醛含量 Content of malondialdehyde	-0.787	-0.368	-0.592	-0.363	0.257	0.856	-0.718	-0.714	-0.731	-0.923^*	1.000
脯氨酸含量 Proline content	0.487	0.325	0.480	-0.003	-0.734	-0.944^*	0.483	0.500	0.916^*	0.913^*	-0.720	1.000

Tab.4 The main component analysis of different melon varieties under high temperature coercion

指标 Indicator	主成分1 Component 1	主成分2 Component 2	指标 Indicator	主成分1 Component 1	主成分2 Component 2
GP	0.315	-0.191	CAT	0.090	0.565
GE	0.310	-0.239	MDA	0.275	0.265
GI	0.322	-0.238	Pro	0.194	0.488
VI	0.350	-0.056	特征值 Eigen value	2.840	1.655
FW	0.081	0.448	特征值 Eigen value	2.840	1.655
HL	0.348	0.023	贡献率 Contribution rate(%)	67.193	22.836
RL	0.342	-0.134	贡献率 Contribution rate(%)	67.193	22.836
SOD	0.328	0.031	累计贡献率 Accumula-tive contribution rate(%)	67.193	90.029
POD	0.323	0.010	累计贡献率 Accumula-tive contribution rate(%)	67.193	90.029

Tab.5 The comprehensive indicator of high temperature resistance, weight, affiliated function value, D value and comprehensive evaluation of different melon varieties

品种 Varieties	综合指标值 Comprehensive indicator value		隶属函数值 Membership function value		D值 D value	综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation
品种 Varieties	z1	z2	u(X₁)	u(X₂)	D值 D value	综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation
纳斯密Nasimi	3.070	-0.335	1.000	0.477	0.867	2
黄梦脆Huangmengcui	2.335	1.941	0.886	1.000	0.915	1
黄皮9818 Huangpi 9818	0.379	-2.411	0.583	0.000	0.435	3
新密14号Xinmi 14	-2.398	-0.113	0.153	0.528	0.248	4
卡拉克赛Kalakesai	-3.386	0.919	0.000	0.765	0.194	5
权重Weight			0.746	0.254

Fig.4 Different melon variety heat resistance cluster diagram

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The impact of high temperature on different thick -skinned melon varieties and comprehensive evaluation of its heat resistance

高温对不同厚皮甜瓜品种种子萌发的影响及其耐热性综合评价

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