Study on irrigation scheduling of korla fragrant pear under flood combines drip irrigation mode

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.011

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (6): 1388-1396.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.011

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Agricultural Product Processing Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Study on irrigation scheduling of korla fragrant pear under flood combines drip irrigation mode

YAN Pan¹(), ZHENG Qiangqing¹(), CHEN Qiling¹, JI Guangpeng², NIU Linglei²

1. Tiemenguan Test Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences / Key Laboratory of Korla Fragrant Pear Germplasm Innovation and Quality Improvement and Efficiency Increment of XPCC/Institute of Forestry and Horticulture of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
2. Agricultural Science Research Institute of the Third Division of XPCC, Tumshuk Xinjiang 843900, China

Received:2024-11-07 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-07-29
Correspondence author: ZHENG Qiangqing
Supported by:
Special Project for Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(NCG202312);Third Division Tumushuke City Key Field Science and Technology Tackling Plan(KY2021GG07);Major science and technology projects of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2021AA005);Major science and technology projects of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2019AA004);Financial Science and Technology Plan Project of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2020DA004)

库尔勒香梨漫滴结合模式的灌溉制度分析

兖攀¹(), 郑强卿¹(), 陈奇凌¹, 吉光鹏², 牛蛉磊²

1.新疆农垦科学院林园研究所/新疆农垦科学院铁门关试验站/库尔勒香梨种质创新与提质增效兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000
2.新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所,新疆图木舒克 843900

通讯作者: 郑强卿
作者简介:兖攀(1986-),男,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为果树栽培,(E-mail)494594365@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团农业科技创新工程专项(NCG202312);第三师图木舒克市重点领域科技攻关计划(KY2021GG07);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(2021AA005);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(2019AA004);新疆生产建设兵团财政科技计划项目(2020DA004)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of different irrigation methods on soil moisture content, yield, and quality and establish an irrigation system under the combination of flood irrigation and drip irrigation in Korla pear orchard by using the Korla Fragrant Pear Orchard at meadow soil in the northwest of Tarim Basin as the research object. 【Methods】 According to the physical properties of soil moisture in the study area, four drip irrigation methods were designed to investigate the soil water content by Diviner 2000 and compare the yield and quality. 【Results】 The soil water content under slow-full drip irrigation could reach 92% of the field capacity, fast-full drip irrigation significantly reduced the wetting effect. In the germination stage and young fruit stage, the soil water content accounted for 30%-55% of the field moisture capacity, and in the fruit expansion stage and ripening stage, the soil water content accounted for 65%-85% of the field moisture capacity. The soil water storage capacity during the budding stage was 80 mm, which was about half of that during the young fruit stage and one-third of that during the swelling and ripening stages. The water consumption during the budding and flowering stages was relatively small, both below 50 mm. The water consumption during the young fruit stage significantly increased, exceeding 150 mm, and the swelling stage reached its peak, exceeding 200 mm. The single fruit weight significantly increased under slow and full drip irrigation, resulting in a 34% increase in yield. 【Conclusion】 The suitable drip irrigation quota for the mixed drip mode is 50 m³, with one flood irrigation and four drip irrigation, and when the irrigation quota is 5,250 m³/hm², 42% water can be saved and yield arrive at 1,235 kg/667m². According to the changes in soil water storage and consumption, the optimized irrigation system consists of one flood irrigation and seven drip irrigation, with an irrigation quota of 7,500 m³/hm², thus saving 17% water.

Key words: physical properties of soil water; diviner 2000; drip irrigation; soil water content; irrigation scheduling

摘要：

【目的】研究不同灌溉方式对塔里木盆地西北缘草甸土库尔勒香梨园对土壤含水量、产量和品质的影响,建立库尔勒香梨园漫灌结合滴灌模式下的灌溉制度。【方法】根据研究区的土壤水分物理性质,设计4种滴灌方式,通过Diviner 2000调查土壤含水量,比较产量和品质。【结果】慢速充分滴灌下的土壤含水量可达田间持水量的92%,快速滴灌显著降低了湿润效果。在萌芽期和幼果期,土壤含水量占田间持水量的30%~55%,在膨果期和成熟期,土壤含水量占田间持水量的65%~85%。萌芽期的土壤储水量为80 mm,约为幼果期的1/2,膨果期和成熟期的1/3。萌芽期和花期的耗水量较小,均低于50 mm,幼果期的耗水量显著增大,大于150 mm,膨果期达到顶峰,超过200 mm。慢速充分滴灌下的单果重显著提升,产量提升34%。【结论】漫滴结合模式适宜的滴灌定额为50 m³,漫灌1次,滴灌4次,灌溉定额为5 250 m³/hm²,节水42%,单产1 235 kg/667m²。根据土壤储水量和耗水量变化规律,优化后的灌溉制度为漫灌1次,滴灌7次,灌溉定额为7 500 m³/hm²,节水17%。

关键词: 土壤水分物理性质, 滴灌, Diviner 2000, 土壤含水量, 灌溉制度

CLC Number:

YAN Pan, ZHENG Qiangqing, CHEN Qiling, JI Guangpeng, NIU Linglei. Study on irrigation scheduling of korla fragrant pear under flood combines drip irrigation mode[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(6): 1388-1396.

兖攀, 郑强卿, 陈奇凌, 吉光鹏, 牛蛉磊. 库尔勒香梨漫滴结合模式的灌溉制度分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(6): 1388-1396.

Figures/Tables 12

References 20

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土壤深度 Soil depth(cm)	≤0.01 mm/g	0.01~0.1 mm/g	0.1~0.25 mm/g	0.25~0.5 mm/g	0.5~1 mm/g	≥1 mm/g
0~20	47.3±8.5^Ab	14.9±0.3^BCa	15.7±3.1^Ba	7.5±2.7^CDa	9.0±2.7^BCDa	3.7±0.7^Da
20~40	60.4±8.1^Aab	17.8±3.9^Ba	9.8±4.1^BCb	3.6±2.0^Cb	4.1±3.7^Cb	2.4±1.8^Ca
40~60	71.5±2.0^Aa	10.5±0.7^Ba	7.6±1.8^Bb	3.3±0.2^Cb	3.2±1.7^Cb	3.0±1.4^Ca
60~80	67.2±9.2^Aa	13.1±6.4^Ba	9.7±1.5^BCb	3.8±0.7^Cb	3.0±1.9^Cb	1.6±0.2^Ca

土壤深度 Soil depth(cm)	≤0.01 mm/g	0.01~0.1 mm/g	0.1~0.25 mm/g	0.25~0.5 mm/g	0.5~1 mm/g	≥1 mm/g
0~20	47.3±8.5^Ab	14.9±0.3^BCa	15.7±3.1^Ba	7.5±2.7^CDa	9.0±2.7^BCDa	3.7±0.7^Da
20~40	60.4±8.1^Aab	17.8±3.9^Ba	9.8±4.1^BCb	3.6±2.0^Cb	4.1±3.7^Cb	2.4±1.8^Ca
40~60	71.5±2.0^Aa	10.5±0.7^Ba	7.6±1.8^Bb	3.3±0.2^Cb	3.2±1.7^Cb	3.0±1.4^Ca
60~80	67.2±9.2^Aa	13.1±6.4^Ba	9.7±1.5^BCb	3.8±0.7^Cb	3.0±1.9^Cb	1.6±0.2^Ca

土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)	容重 Soil bulk density (g/cm³)	比重 Soil density (g/cm³)	非毛管孔隙度 Non capillary pores(%)	毛管孔隙度 Soil capillary porosity(%)	最大持水量 Maximum water capacity(%)	毛管持水量 Capillary water capacity(%)	田间持水量 Field water capacity(%)
0~20	1.43±0.02^b	2.68±0.02^a	3.2±0.3^a	37.6±1.0^c	26.5±1.4^b	24.7±1.3^b	20.9±2.6^a
20~40	1.48±0.05^ab	2.68±0.05^a	2.9±0.5^a	39.5±2.1^bc	28.7±2.1^ab	26.8±2.3^ab	21.7±2.5^a
40~60	1.44±0.04^ab	2.71±0.15^a	3.3±0.3^a	41.8±1.9^b	31.5±2.4^a	29.0±2.1^a	22.3±3.1^a
60~80	1.51±0.01^a	2.74±0.11^a	3.3±0.4^a	44.9±0.5^a	31.9±0.3^a	29.8±0.5^a	25.0±0.5^a

土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)	容重 Soil bulk density (g/cm³)	比重 Soil density (g/cm³)	非毛管孔隙度 Non capillary pores(%)	毛管孔隙度 Soil capillary porosity(%)	最大持水量 Maximum water capacity(%)	毛管持水量 Capillary water capacity(%)	田间持水量 Field water capacity(%)
0~20	1.43±0.02^b	2.68±0.02^a	3.2±0.3^a	37.6±1.0^c	26.5±1.4^b	24.7±1.3^b	20.9±2.6^a
20~40	1.48±0.05^ab	2.68±0.05^a	2.9±0.5^a	39.5±2.1^bc	28.7±2.1^ab	26.8±2.3^ab	21.7±2.5^a
40~60	1.44±0.04^ab	2.71±0.15^a	3.3±0.3^a	41.8±1.9^b	31.5±2.4^a	29.0±2.1^a	22.3±3.1^a
60~80	1.51±0.01^a	2.74±0.11^a	3.3±0.4^a	44.9±0.5^a	31.9±0.3^a	29.8±0.5^a	25.0±0.5^a

处理 Treat- ment	方法 Method	灌水定额 Irrigation quota (m³/hm²)	滴灌量 Drip irrigation volume (m³/667m²)	滴头流量 Drip head flow rate (L/h)	滴灌速度 Drip irrigation speed	小区面积 Plot area (m²)	滴灌时间 Drip irrigation time (h)
CK	漫灌	2 250	150	\	\	568.8	\
T₁	慢速充分滴灌	783	52.2	2	慢	568.8	15.0
T₂	快速充分滴灌	783	52.2	20	快	568.8	9.0
T₃	快速调亏滴灌	558	37.2	20	快	568.8	6.4
T₄	快速亏缺滴灌	333	22.2	20	快	568.8	3.8

Study on irrigation scheduling of korla fragrant pear under flood combines drip irrigation mode

库尔勒香梨漫滴结合模式的灌溉制度分析

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Figures/Tables 12

References 20

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处理 Treat- ment	冬灌或春灌 Winter or spring irrigation (m³/667m²)	5月May (m³/667m²)	6月June (m³/667m²)	7月July (m³/667m²)	8月August (m³/667m²)	灌溉定额 Total irrigation quota (m³/667m²)	灌溉定额 Total irrigation quota (m³/hm²)
CK	150	150		150	150	600	9 000
T₁	150		52.2	52.2	104.4	359	5 382
T₂	150	150	52.2	52.2	156.6	561	8 415
T₃	150	150	37.2	37.2	111.6	486	7 290
T₄	150	150	22.2	22.2	66.6	411	6 165

时期 Period (M/D)	生育期 procreation stages	ET (mm)	滴灌次数 Drip irrigation frequency	灌水定额 Irrigation quota (m³/hm²)	灌溉定额 Total irrigation quota (m³/hm²)
3/26~4/8	萌芽期	35	1	750	750
4/9~4/21	花期	33	1	750	750
4/22~7/8	幼果期	159	3	750	2 250
7/9~8/28	膨大期	209	3	750	2 250
8/29~9/14	成熟期	9	1	750	750
合计Total		444	9		6 750

处理 Treat- ments	株产量 Plant yield (kg)	单产 Yield per (kg/667m²)	水分生产率 Water productivity (kg/m³)	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)	横径 Transverse diameter (mm)	纵径 Longitudinal diameter (mm)	果形指数 Fruit shape index	硬度 Hardness (kg/cm²)	可溶性固形物 Soluble solids (%)
CK	16.7±3.9^ab	919±217^ab	1.53±0.36^b	112.2±7.3^b	56.6±1.6^b	66.4±1.8^ab	1.17±0.01^a	3.3±0.1^a	13.5±0.5^a
T₁	22.5±6.9^a	1 235±379^a	3.44±1.06^a	141.2±13.7^a	61.3±1.8^a	68.2±3.3^a	1.11±0.04^a	2.8±0.2^b	13.0±0.4^a
T₂	14.5±3.8^b	799±211^b	1.42±0.31^b	97.4±13.5^c	53.6±2.7^c	63.8±5.4^bc	1.19±0.09^a	3.0±0.3^b	13.4±1.0^a
T₃	18.4±8.8^ab	1011±484^ab	2.08±1.08^b	105.1±16.2^bc	55.0±3.5^bc	64.1±4.9^bc	1.17±0.09^a	3.0±0.2^b	13.3±1.2^a
T₄	14.5±1.3^b	796±71^b	1.94±0.19^b	103.4±18.9^bc	54.5±4.8^bc	62.5±5.3^c	1.15±0.12^a	3.2±0.3^b	14.1±1.5^a

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