Analysis of phenotypic trait variation characteristics of Morus nigra L.germplasm resources

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The phenotypic traits of 710 M.nigra L.germplasm resources from 21 collection sites in southeast Xinjiang through the genetic diversity and cluster analysis in the hope of laying the foundation for the systematic research, development and utilization of M.nigra. germplasm resources in Xinjiang.【Methods】The genetic diversity, principal components, clustering and correlation analysis of 15 qualitative and 12 quantitative description characteristics of M.nigra. were carried out.【Results】The diversity of qualitative description characters of 710 black mulberry germplasm resources was low; The diversity of four personality characters (leaf size, branch circumference, leaf width and leaf shape) was relatively rich, while the diversity of other quantitative traits was low; The clustering results of phenotypic traits of M.nigra. were mainly concentrated in two groups.According to the distribution of administrative regions, one group was mainly concentrated in the southern margin of the Tarim Basin, and the other group was mainly concentrated in the northern margin of the Tarim Basin; There was a significant negative correlation between fruit shape index and latitude, while there was no correlation between other quantitative characters and geographical factors (longitude, latitude and altitude); The differences of leaf size and leaf circumference were the main characteristics to distinguish the varieties of M.nigra. varieties from different regions; In addition, the leaf size and perimeter were positively regulated by temperature and negatively regulated by rainfall.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of phenotypic characteristics of black mulberry is low.

Key words: Morus nigra L.; phenotypic characters; germplasm resource; genetic diversity; cluster analysis

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆东南部21个采集点的710份黑桑种质资源表型性状,分析遗传多样性,为新疆黑桑种质资源的系统研究及开发利用奠定基础。【方法】对黑桑的15个定性描述性状和12个定量描述性状进行遗传多样性、主成分、聚类和相关性分析。【结果】叶片大小、枝条围度、叶幅、叶形等4个性状多样性较为丰富,其余定量描述性状多样性较低。黑桑表型性状聚类结果主要集中在两大类群,根据行政区域分布,一个类群主要集中在环塔里木盆地南缘县(市),另一个类群主要集中在环塔里木盆地北缘县(市)。果形指数与纬度之间呈显著负相关,其他定量描述性状与地理因子(经纬度和海拔)之间均无相关性,叶片大小和叶片周长的差异是区分不同地区黑桑品种的主要性状特征,此外,叶片大小和周长受到温度的正调控和降雨量的负调控。【结论】黑桑表型性状的遗传多样性较低。

关键词: 黑桑, 表型性状, 种质资源, 遗传多样性, 聚类分析

CLC Number:

S663.9

YANG Lu, WANG Na, FAN Shaoli, CHENG Ping, LI Hong, WANG Yangdong. Analysis of phenotypic trait variation characteristics of Morus nigra L.germplasm resources[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(5): 1172-1181.

杨璐, 王娜, 范少丽, 程平, 李宏, 汪阳东. 黑桑种质资源表型性状变异特征分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1172-1181.

Figures/Tables 13

References 23

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编号 Number	采集点 Sampling site	样品数量 Amount of samples	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	海拔 Elevation (m)
1	喀什市	48	75°94'	39°52'	1 338
2	阿克陶县	21	73°26'	37°41'	1 489
3	伽师县	13	76°78'	39°46'	1 210
4	拜城县	22	81°84'	41°82'	1 239
5	新和县	29	82°63'	41°55'	1 015
6	库车市	31	82°97'	41°68'	1 600
7	轮台县	30	84°25'	41°77'	1 046
8	库尔勒市、焉耆县	44	86°06'	41°68'	912
9	鄯善县	10	90°25'	42.82'	255
10	哈密市	21	93°44'	42°78'	781
11	莎车县	58	77°25'	38.45'	1 211
12	皮山县	51	78°29'	37°06'	2 141
13	和田县	120	79°94'	37°12'	1 355
14	于田县	27	81°63'	36°86'	1 476
15	民丰县	33	82°63'	37°07'	1 420
16	且末县	32	85°25'	37°80'	1 262
17	若羌县	29	88°17'	39°02'	896
18	阿克苏市	29	80°29'	41°15'	1 114
19	阿瓦提县	21	80°34'	40°64'	1 042
20	阿拉尔市	5	80°30'	40°22'	1 018
21	吐鲁番市	36	89°19'	42°91'	-42

编号 Number	采集点 Sampling site	样品数量 Amount of samples	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	海拔 Elevation (m)
1	喀什市	48	75°94'	39°52'	1 338
2	阿克陶县	21	73°26'	37°41'	1 489
3	伽师县	13	76°78'	39°46'	1 210
4	拜城县	22	81°84'	41°82'	1 239
5	新和县	29	82°63'	41°55'	1 015
6	库车市	31	82°97'	41°68'	1 600
7	轮台县	30	84°25'	41°77'	1 046
8	库尔勒市、焉耆县	44	86°06'	41°68'	912
9	鄯善县	10	90°25'	42.82'	255
10	哈密市	21	93°44'	42°78'	781
11	莎车县	58	77°25'	38.45'	1 211
12	皮山县	51	78°29'	37°06'	2 141
13	和田县	120	79°94'	37°12'	1 355
14	于田县	27	81°63'	36°86'	1 476
15	民丰县	33	82°63'	37°07'	1 420
16	且末县	32	85°25'	37°80'	1 262
17	若羌县	29	88°17'	39°02'	896
18	阿克苏市	29	80°29'	41°15'	1 114
19	阿瓦提县	21	80°34'	40°64'	1 042
20	阿拉尔市	5	80°30'	40°22'	1 018
21	吐鲁番市	36	89°19'	42°91'	-42

序号 Number	性状 Character	编码 Code
1	皮色	1=紫色2=棕色3=褐色4= 灰色5=青色
2	树枝曲直	1=直2=微曲3=弯曲
3	叶序	1=(1/2) 2=(1/3) 3= (2/5) 4=(3/8)
4	芽形状	1=短三角2=正三角3=长三角
5	芽颜色	1紫色= 2棕色3=棕褐色4= 青色5=灰色
6	芽着生状态	1=贴生2=尖离3=腹离
7	叶痕	1=肾形2=椭圆形3= 半圆形4=圆形
8	叶着生状态	1=平展2=扭曲3= 边卷翘4=边波翘
9	叶片形状	1=心脏形2=长心脏形3= 椭圆形4=卵圆形
10	叶色	1=淡绿2=翠绿3=深绿4=墨绿
11	叶片光泽	1=无2=弱3=较弱4=较强
12	叶片糙滑	1=光滑2=微糙3=粗糙
13	叶尖	1=短尾状2=长尾状3=锐头4= 钝头5=双头
14	叶缘	1=锐齿2=钝齿3=乳头齿
15	叶基	1=浅心形2=心形3= 深心形4=楔形

序号 Number	性状 Character	编码 Code
1	皮色	1=紫色2=棕色3=褐色4= 灰色5=青色
2	树枝曲直	1=直2=微曲3=弯曲
3	叶序	1=(1/2) 2=(1/3) 3= (2/5) 4=(3/8)
4	芽形状	1=短三角2=正三角3=长三角
5	芽颜色	1紫色= 2棕色3=棕褐色4= 青色5=灰色
6	芽着生状态	1=贴生2=尖离3=腹离
7	叶痕	1=肾形2=椭圆形3= 半圆形4=圆形
8	叶着生状态	1=平展2=扭曲3= 边卷翘4=边波翘
9	叶片形状	1=心脏形2=长心脏形3= 椭圆形4=卵圆形
10	叶色	1=淡绿2=翠绿3=深绿4=墨绿
11	叶片光泽	1=无2=弱3=较弱4=较强
12	叶片糙滑	1=光滑2=微糙3=粗糙
13	叶尖	1=短尾状2=长尾状3=锐头4= 钝头5=双头
14	叶缘	1=锐齿2=钝齿3=乳头齿
15	叶基	1=浅心形2=心形3= 深心形4=楔形

缩写 Abbrevi- ation	含义 Meaning
bio1	年均温度(℃)
bio2	日较差(℃)
bio3	季度温度标准差
bio4	最暖月最高温(℃)
bio5	最冷月最低温(℃)
bio6	温度年较差(bio5-bio6)(℃)
bio7	湿季平均温(℃)
bio8	干季平均温(℃)
bio9	暖季平均温(℃)
bio10	冷季平均温(℃)
bio11	年均降水量(mm)
bio12	最大月降水量(mm)
bio13	季度降水变异系数
bio14	湿季降水量(mm)
bio15	暖季降水量(mm)
bio16	日较差/年较差
bio17	最小月降水量(mm)
bio18	干季降水量(mm)
bio19	冷季降水量(mm)