Genetic Analysis and Primary Localization of Fruit Length Gene fl and Sex Expression gene a in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.10.001

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 To identify the linkage relationship between fruit length gene fland sex expression gene a on LG2 (Linkage Group 2) in melon, 160 BC₁ plants derived from the cross between the andromonoecious melon line 'Xizhoumi' with round fruit and the monoecious melon line 'snake melon' with oblong fruit were used to investigate the genetic mechanism and perform the primary gene localization for fruit length and sex expression type (andromonecious, monecious).【Method】 Basing on the phenotypic frequency distribution of the above two traits, the genetic mechanism was analyzed. By BSA (Bulked Segregant Analysis), 48 SSR markers on LG2 were screened to obtain the polymorphism SSR markers for the two traits. And the hermaphroditic genes were primarily localized.【Result】 The result of genetic analysis showed that the fruit length conformed to the QTL genetic mechanism, and sex expression type (andromonecious, monecious) was possibly controlled by the two genes. The result of linkage analysis showed that fruit length gene fl was localized between marker SSR247159 and marker SSR252089 on LG2, the genetic distance was 3 cm; sex expression gene a was localized between marker SSR227156 and marker CMGA36/SSR235092 on LG2, the genetic distance was 3.59 cm; the genetic distance between the two intervals was 0.6 cm. 【Conclusion】 In the BC₁ populations derived from the cross between 'Xizhoumi' and 'snake melon', the fruit length gene fl and the sex expression gene a were localized in different marker regions, which proved that the two genes were not the same gene.

Key words: muskmelon; fruit length gene; sex expression gene a; genetic localization

摘要： 【目的】 研究甜瓜2号连锁群中果长基因fl与性别表达基因a的连锁关系。分析果实长度和性别表达类型(雄花两性花同株、雌雄异花同株)的遗传规律,定位两性状基因。【方法】 以圆形甜瓜、雄花两性花同株品种西州蜜为父本,长形甜瓜、雌雄异花同株品种蛇瓜为母本杂交产生的160个BC₁(Back Cross 回交群体)单株为作图群体,研究BC₁群体中果实长度和性别类型的分布,对二者进行遗传分析。利用集团分离分析法(Bulked Segregant Analysis, BSA),用甜瓜2号连锁群上的48个SSR分子标记,对甜瓜果实长度和花性型性状进行多态性标记的筛选,对两性状基因定位。【结果】 甜瓜果实长度符合数量性状的遗传特点;雄花两性花同株与雌雄异花同株可能受双基因遗传控制。通过连锁分析,将果长基因fl定位于2号连锁群的标记SSR247159和标记SSR252089之间,遗传距离为3 cM;将性别表达基因a定位于标记SSR227156和标记CMGA36/SSR235092之间,遗传距离为3.59 cM;两区间之间的遗传距离为0。【结论】 在甜瓜西州蜜和蛇瓜的BC₁群体中,将果实长度基因fl和性别表达基因a的初步定位于不同标记区间内,证明二者不是同一基因。

关键词: 甜瓜, 果长基因, 性别表达基因a, 遗传定位

FAN Wen-lin, WANG Xian-lei, LI Qun, YU Zhi-jie, LI Guan. Genetic Analysis and Primary Localization of Fruit Length Gene fl and Sex Expression gene a in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(10): 1765-1774.

范文林,王贤磊,李群,俞志杰,李冠. 甜瓜果长基因fl与性别表达基因a的遗传分析及定位[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(10): 1765-1774.

References

[1] 王志丹, 中国甜瓜产业经济发展研究[M]. 北京:中国社会科学出版社, 2014: 14.
WANG Zhi-dan (2014). The study on the economy development of melon industry in China[M]. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press: 14. (in Chinese)
[2] 矫士琦, 甜瓜果实、种子相关性状QTL分析[D]. 哈尔滨:东北农业大学硕士论文, 2017:1-47.
JIAO Shi-qi (2017). QTL analysis of fruit and seed related traits in melon [D]. Master Dissertation. Northeast Forestry University: 1-47, Harbin. (in Chinese)
[3] 唐棣, 控制甜瓜花性型基因"A"的分子标记[D]. 上海:上海交通大学硕士论文, 2007: 1-47.
TANG Li (2007). Molecular mapping of gene"A" conferring monecious phenotype in melon(Cucumis melo L.) [D]. Master Dissertation. Shanghai Jiaotong University: 1-47, Shanghai. (in Chinese)
[4] Périn, C., Hagen, L., Giovinazzo, N., Besombes, D., Dogimont, C., & Pitrat, M. (2002). Genetic control of fruit shape acts prior to anthesis in melon (cucumis melo l.). Molecular Genetics & Genomics, 266(6): 933-941.
[5] Naudin C. (1895). Essai d'une monographie des especes et des varietes du genre Cucumis [J]. Ann Sci Nat Ser Bot, (11): 5-87.
[6] Sinnott, E. W. (1945). The relation of growth to size in cucurbit fruits. American Journal of Botany, 32(7): 439-446.
[7] Gillaspy, G., Bendavid, H., & Gruissem, W. (1993). Fruits: a developmental perspective. Plant Cell, 5(10): 1,439-1,451.
[8] Sinnott, E. W. (1927). A factorial analysis of certain shape characters in squash fruits. American Naturalist, 61(675):333-344.
[9] Serquen, F. C., Bacher, J., & Staub, J. E. (1997). Mapping and qtl analysis of horticultural traits in a narrow cross in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) using random-amplified polymorphic dna markers. Molecular Breeding, 3(4): 257-268.
[10] Stino KR, Warid WA, Abdelfattah MA (1958). Inheritance studies of some fruit characters in the melon(Cucumis melo L.)[J]. Bull Fac Agricult Cairo, (215): 3-24.
[11] Lippert, L. F., & Hall, M. O. (1982). Heritabilities and correlations in muskmelon from parent-offspring regression analyses. Journal American Society for Horticultural Science, (107): 217-221.
[12] Kalb, & Davis. (1984). Evaluation of combining ability, heterosis, and genetic variance for fruit quality characteristics in bush muskmelon. Journal - American Society for Horticultural Science (USA) , 109(3): 411-415.
[13] Grandillo, S., & Tanksley, S. D. (1996). Qtl analysis of horticultural traits differentiating the cultivated tomato from the closely related species lycopersicon pimpinellifolium. Theor.appl.genet, 92(8): 935-951.
[14] Tanksley, S. D., Grandillo, S., Fulton, T. M., Zamir, D., Eshed, Y., & Petiard, V., et al. (1996). Advanced backcross qtl analysis in a cross between an elite processing line of tomato and its wild relative L. pimpinellifolium. Theoretical & Applied Genetics, 92(2): 213-224.
[15] Kaiser, S. (1935). The factors governing shape and size in capsicum fruits; a genetic and developmental analysis. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club,(8):433-454.
[16] Khambanonda, I. (1950). Quantitative inheritance of fruit size in red pepper (capsicum frutescens L). Genetics, 35(3): 322.
[17] Monforte Antonio Jose, M. Oliver, et al. (2004). Identification of quantitative trait loci involved in fruit quality traits in melon(Cucumis melo L.)[J]. Theor Appl Genet, (108): 750-758.
[18] Iban Eduardo, Pere Arus and Antonio Jose Monforte (2007). Estimation the genetic architecture of fruit quality traits in melon using a genomic library of Near isogenic lines [J]. Hortscience, 132(1): 80-89.
[19] Rosa, J.T. (1928). The inheritance of flower types in cucumis and citrullus[J]. Hilgardia, (3):233-250.
[20] Poole, C. F., & Grimball, P. C. (1939). Inheritance of new sex forms in cucumis melo l. Journal of Heredity, 30(1):21-25.
[21] Wall, J. R. (1967). Correlated inheritance of sex expression and fruit shape in cucumis. Euphytica, 16(2): 199-208.
[22] Kenigsbuch, D. and Y. Cohen (1987). Inheritance of gynoecious sex type in muskmelon [J]. Cucurbit Genet Coop Rep, (10): 47-48.
[23] Kenigsbuch, D., & Cohen, Y. (1990). The inheritance of gynoecy in muskmelon. Genome, 33(3): 317-320.
[24] 刘威, 盛云燕, 马鸿艳, 等, 甜瓜雄全同株与纯雌株基因遗传分析及初步定位[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2010,(4): 24-30.
LIU Wei, SHENG Yun-yan, MA Hong-yan, et al. (2010). Genetic analysis and initial location of Melon(Cucumis melo L.) of andromonecious and gynoecious genes [J]. China Vegetables, (4): 24-30. (in Chinese)
[25] José, M. A., Iban, E., Silvia, A., & Pere, A. (2005). Inheritance mode of fruit traits in melon: heterosis for fruit shape and its correlation with genetic distance. Euphytica, 144(1-2): 31-38.
[26] 王贤磊, 高兴旺, 李冠, 等, 甜瓜遗传图谱的构建及果实与种子的QTL分析[J]. 遗传, 2011, 33(12):1 398-1 408.
WANG Xian-lei, GAO Xing-wang, LI Guan, et al. (2011). Construction of a melon genetic map with fruit and seed QTLs [J]. Hereditas, 33(12):1,398-1,408. (in Chinese)
[27] Porebski, S., Bailey, L. G., & Baum, B. R. (1997). Modification of a ctab dna extraction protocol for plants containing high polysaccharide and polyphenol components. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 15(1):8-15.
[28]Ritschel, P. S., Lins, T. C. D. L., Tristan, R. L., Buso, G. S. C., Buso, J. A., & Ferreira, M. E. (2004). Development of microsatellite markers from an enriched genomic library for genetic analysis of melon (cucumis melo l.). Bmc Plant Biology, 4(1): 9.
[29] Fernandez-Silva, I., Eduardo, I., Blanca, J., Esteras, C., Picó, B., & Nuez, F., et al. (2008). Bin mapping of genomic and est-derived ssrs in melon (cucumis melo l.). Theoretical & Applied Genetics, 118(1):139-150.
[30] Kim, N., Oh, J., Kim, B., Choi, E. K., Hwang, U. S., & Staub, J. E., et al. (2015). The cmacs -7 gene provides sequence variation for development of dna markers associated with monoecious sex expression in melon ( cucumis melo, l.). Horticulture Environment & Biotechnology, 56(4): 535-545.
[31] 卢浩, 王贤磊, 高兴旺, 等, 甜瓜'PMR6'抗白粉病基因的遗传及其定位研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2015, 42(6): 1 121-1 128.
LU Hao, WANG Xian-lei, GAO Xing-wang, et al. (2015). Inheritance and location of powdery mildew resistance gene in melon PMR6 [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 42(6): 1,121-1,128. (in Chinese)