混合盐碱胁迫对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.011

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 2168-2182.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.011

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

混合盐碱胁迫对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

张帆¹^,²(), 陈晓露¹, 王洁², 侯献飞³, 贾东海³, 顾元国³, 苗昊翠¹^,²(), 李强³()

1.伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院,新疆伊宁 835000
2.新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2024-02-18 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-10-09
通信作者: 苗昊翠(1981-),女,山东青岛人,研究员,研究方向为花生栽培与逆境生理,(E-mail)mc09876@163.com;
李强(1980-),男,河南郑州人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为油料作物育种与栽培,(E-mail)lq19820302@126.com
作者简介:张帆(1999-),吉林长春人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物化学与分子生物学,(E-mail)1097427031@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”青年科技拔尖人才项目(2022TSYCCX0062);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“油料作物种质资源收集与优异基因挖掘关键技术研究”(2022A03004-4);国家花生产业技术体系“新疆综合试验站”(CARS-13)

Effects of mixed salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of peanut seed

ZHANG Fan¹^,²(), CHEN Xiaolu¹, WANG Jie², HOU Xianfei³, JIA Donghai³, GU Yuanguo³, MIAO Haocui¹^,²(), LI Qiang³()

1. College of Biological Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining Xinjiang 835000, China
2. Research Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2024-02-18 Published:2024-09-20 Online:2024-10-09
Supported by:
Tianshan Talent Young Science and Technology Top Talent Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022TSYCCX0062);Earmarked Fund of the Major Science and Technology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A03004-4);China Agriculture Research System“Xinjiang Comprehensive Test Station”(CARS-13)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究混合盐碱胁迫对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为盐碱地的有效利用与耐盐品种的培育提供依据。【方法】以花生品种花育25号为材料,人工模拟混合盐碱胁迫条件,测定花生种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、盐害率及花生幼苗的根长和茎长。【结果】(1)高浓度胁迫下,Cl^-和SO₄^2-组成的混合盐碱溶液对花生种子萌发产生强抑制效果;当混合盐碱溶液的pH值>10时,对花生种子初生幼苗生长产生强抑制效果;(2)不同浓度的混合盐碱胁迫对发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、盐害率、根长、茎长均产生了不同程度的影响,高浓度的混合盐碱会对花生种子萌发产生抑制作用;(3)花生对各处理的耐盐碱性从大到小依次为B>C>D>E>A。【结论】不同的混合盐碱成分及浓度对花生种子的影响不同,而种子萌发期是植物对盐碱胁迫最敏感的时期。

关键词: 花生; 混合盐碱胁迫; 种子萌发; 幼苗生长; 耐盐性评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate thoroughly the effects of mixed salt alkali stress on peanut seed germination and seedling growth in the hope of improving the planting structure of saline alkali land in Xinjiang and increasing the peanut planting area. 【Methods】 This study used Huayu 25 as the experimental material and artificially simulated mixed salt alkali stress conditions to determine the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vitality index, salt damage rate, and root and stem length of peanut seedlings, in order to provide a basis for the effective utilization of saline alkali land and the cultivation of salt tolerant varieties. 【Results】 (1) Under high concentration stress, the mixed saline alkali solution composed of Cl^- and SO₄^2- has a more severe inhibitory effect on peanut seed germination; When the pH of the mixed saline alkali solution was greater than 10, the inhibitory effect on the growth of peanut seed primary seedlings was severer; (2) Different concentrations of mixed salt alkali stress had varying degrees of impact on germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vitality index, salt damage rate, root length, and stem length. High concentrations of mixed salt alkali would have an inhibitory effect on peanut seed germination; (3) The salt and alkaline tolerance of peanuts to each treatment was B>C>D>E>A in descending order. 【Conclusion】 Different mixed salt alkali components and concentrations have different effects on peanut seeds, and the seed germination period is the most sensitive period for plants to salt alkali stress.

Key words: peanuts; mixed salt alkali stress; seed germination; seedling growth; salt tolerance evaluation

中图分类号:

S565.2

张帆, 陈晓露, 王洁, 侯献飞, 贾东海, 顾元国, 苗昊翠, 李强. 混合盐碱胁迫对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2168-2182.

ZHANG Fan, CHEN Xiaolu, WANG Jie, HOU Xianfei, JIA Donghai, GU Yuanguo, MIAO Haocui, LI Qiang. Effects of mixed salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of peanut seed[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2168-2182.

图/表 17

参考文献 44

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处理组 Treatment	盐分组成及摩尔比 Salinity composition and molar ratio				各盐浓度(mmol/L)处理组对应pH值 Each salt concentration (mmol/L) treatment group corresponds to pH
处理组 Treatment	NaCl	Na₂SO₄	NaHCO₃	Na₂CO₃	25	50	100	150	200	平均
CK	0	0	0	0	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00
A	1	1	0	0	7.12	7.16	7.24	7.35	7.46	7.27
B	1	0	1	0	8.26	8.32	8.39	8.48	8.58	8.41
C	1	1	1	1	9.24	9.31	9.45	9.52	9.59	9.42
D	0	1	0	1	10.11	10.18	10.26	10.37	10.46	10.28
E	0	0	1	1	11.03	11.12	11.19	11.27	11.33	11.19

处理组 Treatment	盐分组成及摩尔比 Salinity composition and molar ratio				各盐浓度(mmol/L)处理组对应pH值 Each salt concentration (mmol/L) treatment group corresponds to pH
处理组 Treatment	NaCl	Na₂SO₄	NaHCO₃	Na₂CO₃	25	50	100	150	200	平均
CK	0	0	0	0	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00
A	1	1	0	0	7.12	7.16	7.24	7.35	7.46	7.27
B	1	0	1	0	8.26	8.32	8.39	8.48	8.58	8.41
C	1	1	1	1	9.24	9.31	9.45	9.52	9.59	9.42
D	0	1	0	1	10.11	10.18	10.26	10.37	10.46	10.28
E	0	0	1	1	11.03	11.12	11.19	11.27	11.33	11.19

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatments	发芽率 Germination rate(%)
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
25	A	96.67±2.89^aA
	B	96.67±5.77^aAB
	C	96.67±5.77^aA
	D	100.00±0.00^aA
	E	100.00±0.00^aA
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
50	A	86.67±11.55^cA
	B	96.67±2.89^abAB
	C	96.67±2.89^abA
	D	98.33±2.89^abA
	E	90.00±0.00^bcAB
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
100	A	51.67±27.54^cB
	B	80.00±5.00^abBC
	C	68.33±16.07^bcB
	D	61.67±7.64^bcB
	E	83.33±10.41^abB
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
150	A	16.67±15.28^cC
	B	65.00±13.23^bC
	C	60.00±13.23^bB
	D	46.67±15.28^bC
	E	50.00±10.00^bC
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
200	A	25.00±5.00^cdC
	B	43.33±20.21^bD
	C	31.67±5.77^bcC
	D	11.67±5.77^dD
	E	33.33±2.89^bcD

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatments	发芽率 Germination rate(%)
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
25	A	96.67±2.89^aA
	B	96.67±5.77^aAB
	C	96.67±5.77^aA
	D	100.00±0.00^aA
	E	100.00±0.00^aA
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
50	A	86.67±11.55^cA
	B	96.67±2.89^abAB
	C	96.67±2.89^abA
	D	98.33±2.89^abA
	E	90.00±0.00^bcAB
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
100	A	51.67±27.54^cB
	B	80.00±5.00^abBC
	C	68.33±16.07^bcB
	D	61.67±7.64^bcB
	E	83.33±10.41^abB
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
150	A	16.67±15.28^cC
	B	65.00±13.23^bC
	C	60.00±13.23^bB
	D	46.67±15.28^bC
	E	50.00±10.00^bC
CK	CK	100.00±0.00^aA
200	A	25.00±5.00^cdC
	B	43.33±20.21^bD
	C	31.67±5.77^bcC
	D	11.67±5.77^dD
	E	33.33±2.89^bcD

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatment	发芽势 Germination energy(%)
CK	CK	35.00±0.00^cB
25	A	46.67±7.64^bA
	B	38.33±5.77^bcB
	C	60.00±5.00^aA
	D	46.67±5.77^bB
	E	46.67±7.64^bB
CK	CK	35.00±0.00^cB
50	A	40.00±5.00^cAB
	B	48.33±5.77^bcA
	C	58.33±15.28^bA
	D	81.67±11.55^aA
	E	43.33±5.77^bcBC
CK	CK	35.00±0.00^bBC
100	A	18.33±10.41^cC
	B	38.33±2.89^bB
	C	36.67±12.58^bB
	D	36.67±12.58^bB
	E	58.33±2.89^aA
CK	CK	35.00±0.00^aB
150	A	0.00±0.00^dD
	B	35.00±5.00^aB
	C	20.00±5.00^bC
	D	8.33±2.89^cC
	E	21.67±7.64^bD
CK	CK	35.00±0.00^aC
200	A	0.00±0.00^cD
	B	8.33±5.77^bC
	C	1.67±2.89^cD
	D	1.67±2.89^cC
	E	3.33±2.89^bcE

混合盐碱胁迫对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

Effects of mixed salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of peanut seed

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Metrics

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatment	发芽指数 Germination index
CK	CK	8.57±0.28a^A
25	A	7.97±0.79^abA
	B	8.01±0.46^abAB
	C	7.40±0.71^bAB
	D	8.18±0.45^abA
	E	8.19±0.50^abA
CK	CK	8.57±0.28^aA
50	A	5.54±0.52^dB
	B	7.54±0.41^bB
	C	7.07±0.43^bcB
	D	6.46±0.30^cB
	E	7.34±0.02^bB
CK	CK	8.57±0.28^aA
100	A	3.06±1.49^dC
	B	5.02±0.24^bcC
	C	4.08±1.26^bcdC
	D	3.49±0.64^cdC
	E	5.23±0.49^bC
CK	CK	8.57±0.28^aA
150	A	1.07±0.19^dD
	B	3.71±0.66^bD
	C	3.13±0.72^bcC
	D	2.21±0.70^cD
	E	2.77±0.49^bcD
CK	CK	8.57±0.28^aA
200	A	0.98±0.20^cdD
	B	1.92±0.65^bE
	C	1.42±0.27^bcD
	D	0.53±0.19^dE
	E	1.56±0.26^bcE

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatment	活力指数 Vitality index
CK	CK	2.60±0.08^bA
25	A	2.76±0.27^abA
	B	2.57±0.15^bcA
	C	3.07±0.29^aA
	D	2.89±0.16^abA
	E	2.22±0.14^cB
CK	CK	2.60±0.08^aA
50	A	1.42±0.13^cB
	B	2.45±0.13^aA
	C	2.20±0.14^bC
	D	1.56±0.07^cC
	E	1.39±0.00^cC
CK	CK	2.60±0.08^aB
100	A	0.49±0.24^cdC
	B	0.84±0.04^bB
	C	0.62±0.19^bcD
	D	0.31±0.06^dD
	E	0.49±0.05^cdD
CK	CK	2.60±0.08^aB
150	A	0.10±0.02^cD
	B	0.42±0.07^bC
	C	0.35±0.08^bDE
	D	0.17±0.05^cDE
	E	0.14±0.03^cE
CK	CK	2.60±0.08^aA
200	A	0.11±0.02^bcD
	B	0.13±0.04^bD
	C	0.12±0.02^bE
	D	0.04±0.01^cE
	E	0.11±0.02^bE

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatment	盐害率 Salt damage rate(%)
25	A	3.33±2.89^aC
	B	3.33±5.77^aC
	C	3.33±5.77^aC
	D	0.00±0.00^aC
	E	0.00±0.00^aD
50	A	13.33±11.55^aC
	B	3.33±2.89^abC
	C	3.33±2.89^abC
	D	1.67±2.89^bC
	E	10.00±0.00^abCD
100	A	48.33±27.54^aB
	B	20.00±5.00^bBC
	C	31.67±16.07^abB
	D	38.33±7.64^abB
	E	16.67±10.41^bC
150	A	83.33±15.28^aA
	B	35.00±13.23^bB
	C	40.00±13.23^bB
	D	53.33±15.28^bB
	E	50.00±10.00^bB
200	A	75.00±5.00^abAB
	B	56.67±20.21^bA
	C	68.33±5.77^bA
	D	88.33±5.77^aA
	E	66.67±2.89^bA

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatment	根长 Root length(cm)
CK	CK	37.00±9.26^abA
25	A	34.66±4.49^bcA
	B	34.94±5.86^bcA
	C	42.26±6.53^aA
	D	34.46±5.91^bcA
	E	30.82±5.06^cB
CK	CK	37.00±9.26^aA
50	A	26.21±3.48^bcB
	B	27.94±4.02^bB
	C	25.87±3.18^bcC
	D	22.67±2.52^cB
	E	16.37±2.35^dC
CK	CK	37.00±9.26^aB
100	A	17.48±1.91^bC
	B	16.21±3.08^bC
	C	11.72±2.44^cD
	D	8.46±1.67^cC
	E	8.94±2.00^cD
CK	CK	37.00±9.26^aA
150	A	8.44±3.33^bcD
	B	10.31±1.41^bD
	C	7.88±1.76^bcDE
	D	6.04±1.09^cC
	E	6.50±1.93^cD
CK	CK	37.00±9.26^aA
200	A	5.93±1.16^bD
	B	6.48±0.91^bD
	C	6.20±1.16^bE
	D	4.94±0.76^bC
	E	5.22±1.14^bD

盐浓度 Salt concentration(mmol/L)	处理组 Treatment	茎长 Stem length(cm)
CK	CK	17.51±1.56^aA
25	A	13.54±2.68^bB
	B	13.13±3.35^bB
	C	13.57±3.59^bB
	D	15.20±3.70^abB
	E	17.52±4.75^aA
CK	CK	17.51±1.56^aA
50	A	12.46±0.93^bB
	B	12.05±2.84^bB
	C	12.54±2.11^bB
	D	11.62±3.23^bC
	E	12.15±4.27^bB
CK	CK	17.51±1.56^aA
100	A	6.35±0.78^cdC
	B	9.25±1.66^bC
	C	7.69±1.74^cC
	D	5.77±1.37^dD
	E	9.59±2.03^bB
CK	CK	17.51±1.56^aA
150	A	4.94±0.92^cCD
	B	6.89±1.04^bD
	C	4.49±0.91^cD
	D	5.41±0.87^cD
	E	5.63±1.54^cC
CK	CK	17.51±1.56^aA
200	A	3.74±0.81^bD
	B	4.92±0.57^bD
	C	4.69±0.43^bD
	D	0.00±0.00^cE
	E	0.00±0.00^cD

处理组 Treat- ment	发芽率 Germi- nation rate	发芽势 Germi- nation energy	发芽指数 Germi- nation index	活力指数 Vitality index	盐害率 Salt damage rate	根长 Root length	茎长 Stem length	X₁	X₂	μ₁	μ₂	μ平均值 μ average value	排序 Rank
A	55.33	21.00	3.72	0.97	44.67	18.54	9.07	-1.60	0.22	0.00	0.72	0.36	5
B	76.33	33.67	5.24	1.28	23.67	19.18	9.52	0.93	0.86	1.00	0.99	1.00	1
C	70.67	35.33	4.62	1.27	29.33	18.79	8.94	0.35	0.88	0.77	1.00	0.89	2
D	63.67	35.00	4.17	0.99	36.33	15.97	10.06	-0.29	-0.50	0.52	0.42	0.47	3
E	71.33	34.67	5.02	0.87	28.67	13.92	11.73	0.61	-1.48	0.87	0.00	0.44	4

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