哈密瓜种植对根际土壤细菌群落组成和多样性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.025

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 1253-1262.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.025

哈密瓜种植对根际土壤细菌群落组成和多样性的影响

田敬宇¹(), 高雁², 高兴旺³(), 曾军²(), 赵鹏安³, 苏比努尔·居来提³

1.新疆大学生态与环境学院,乌鲁木齐 830046
2.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院/新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830046

收稿日期:2022-09-10 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-22
通信作者: 高兴旺(1983-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,讲师,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为植物-微生物互作,(E-mail)gxw@xju.edu.cn;
曾军(1982-),男,新疆玛纳斯人,副研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为新疆特殊环境微生物资源,(E-mail)leo924.student@sina.com
作者简介:田敬宇(1998-),女,河北人,硕士,研究方向为修复生态学,(E-mail)1178798094@stu.xju.edu.cn
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项(自然科学基金)联合基金(2018D01C041)

Analysis of rhizospheric bacterial community structure and diversity of Hami melon under field cultivation

TIAN Jingyu¹(), GAO Yan², GAO Xingwang³(), ZENG Jun²(), ZHAO Pengan³, Subinuer Julaiti³

1. College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
2. Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering/College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China

Received:2022-09-10 Published:2023-05-20 Online:2023-05-22
Supported by:
Natural Science Joint Fund Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Analyzing the Mechanism of Continuous Cropping Obstacles of Melon in Xinjiang from Microbial Perspective"(2018D01C041)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究哈密瓜种植后根际土壤细菌群落结构的变化规律,为筛选功能菌株及开展哈密瓜连作障碍的防控研究奠定基础。【方法】以新疆五家渠市甜瓜之乡3个大田的哈密瓜根际土和非根际土为材料,检测其土壤理化性质和细菌群落结构,并分析环境因子与细菌群落之间的相关性,研究种植哈密瓜后根际土壤细菌群落的变化规律。【结果】哈密瓜种植后呈现出根际土壤pH显著增加,而土壤有机质、总磷、总钾等指标总体呈下降变化(P<0.05);哈密瓜种植后细菌α和β多样性指数均呈现略微降低趋势,但差异不显著;三个样地共检测到细菌43门、103纲、271目、440科、820属,其中变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门、粘球菌门、厚壁菌门为主要类群,甜瓜种植后显著改变了细菌群落组成,其中厚壁菌门相对丰度随哈密瓜的种植而增加,酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门相对丰度下降;全磷和pH是影响哈密瓜根际土壤细菌优势类群的主要因素。【结论】哈密瓜种植显著影响了土壤理化性质从而导致其根际土壤细菌群落结构发生显著变化。

关键词: 甜瓜; 哈密瓜; 连作障碍; 土壤理化性质; 细菌群落结构

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study focusing on the change pattern of rhizospheric bacterial community structure was conducted in the hope of providing guidance.The results provided a theoretical basis for screening functional strains and prevention of continuous cropping obstacles of Hami melon.【Methods】 The study took rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil from the three Hami melon in the hometown of melon in Wujiaqu City in Xinjiang as research object.Then the differences of soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities structure was compared and the correlation of bacterial richness and physicochemical properties was analyzed.【Results】 The results showed that pH value significantly increased after Hami melon cultivation (P<0.05), while the soil organic matter, total phosphorus, total potassium decreased (P<0.05).Both bacterial α and β diversity indexes showed a slight decreasing trend after Hami melon cultivation, but the differences were not significant.Additionally, Hami melon cultivation evidently altered the soil bacterial community’s structure.In the study, 43 phylum, 103 classes, 271 orders, 440 families, 820 genera were obtained and Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi, Myxococcota, Firmicutes were predominant bacterial phyla.Hami melon cultivation led to an imbalance of the soil bacterial community structure.At the phyla level, the abundance of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi decreased, the abundance of Firmicutes increased.The results of db-RDA showed that soil pH and TP had the most significant influence on the bacterial communities of rhizosphere soil.【Conclusion】 Hami melon cultivation can significantly affect the soil physicochemical properties, leading to significant changes of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure.

Key words: muskmelon; Hami melon; continuous cropping obstacles; soil physicochemical properties; soil bacterial community structure

中图分类号:

S652.1

田敬宇, 高雁, 高兴旺, 曾军, 赵鹏安, 苏比努尔·居来提. 哈密瓜种植对根际土壤细菌群落组成和多样性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1253-1262.

TIAN Jingyu, GAO Yan, GAO Xingwang, ZENG Jun, ZHAO Pengan, Subinuer Julaiti. Analysis of rhizospheric bacterial community structure and diversity of Hami melon under field cultivation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(5): 1253-1262.

图/表 8

参考文献 33

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理化性质 physicochemical properties	W₁		W₂		W₃
理化性质 physicochemical properties	W₁₀	W₁₁	W₂₀	W₂₁	W₃₀	W₃₁
pH	7.00±0.12^a	7.26±0.15^b	6.79±0.25^a	7.11±0.09^b	7.60±0.10^a	7.78±0.13^b
EC(mg/L)	472.4±0.41^a	615.2±1.30^b	1038.4±1.14^b	293.6±6.58^a	716.4±3.84^b	619.6±3.84^a
有机质 Soil organic matter(g/kg)	21.83±0.43^b	21.23±0.24^a	13.81±0.38^b	13.11±0.37^a	9.11±0.03^a	9.11±0.03^a
全氮 Total N(g/kg)	1.02±0.01^a	1.11±0.03^a	0.68±0.03^a	0.68±0.01^a	0.43±0.01^a	0.43±0.01^a
全磷 Total P(g/kg)	1.03±0.02^a	1.06±0.01^a	0.92±0.01^b	0.90±0.01^a	0.89±0.01^b	0.84±0.03^a
全钾 Total K(g/kg)	21.93±0.24^b	21.52±0.11^a	19.92±0.16^a	19.91±0.23^a	20.94±0.14^b	20.61±0.02^a
碱解氮 Available N(mg/kg)	49.80±0.43^a	49.95±0.44^a	44.05±1.32^b	42.54±0.61^a	28.81±2.07^b	10.70±0.88^a
有效磷 Available P(mg/kg)	49.85±0.25^a	50.50±0.46^b	33.59±1.34^a	34.55±0.94^a	27.08±2.30^b	20.67±0.86^a
速效钾 Available P(mg/kg)	330.3±6.46^b	310.6±5.32^a	190.8±5.84^a	201.7±6.91^b	129±6.15^a	151.3±6.74^b

理化性质 physicochemical properties	W₁		W₂		W₃
理化性质 physicochemical properties	W₁₀	W₁₁	W₂₀	W₂₁	W₃₀	W₃₁
pH	7.00±0.12^a	7.26±0.15^b	6.79±0.25^a	7.11±0.09^b	7.60±0.10^a	7.78±0.13^b
EC(mg/L)	472.4±0.41^a	615.2±1.30^b	1038.4±1.14^b	293.6±6.58^a	716.4±3.84^b	619.6±3.84^a
有机质 Soil organic matter(g/kg)	21.83±0.43^b	21.23±0.24^a	13.81±0.38^b	13.11±0.37^a	9.11±0.03^a	9.11±0.03^a
全氮 Total N(g/kg)	1.02±0.01^a	1.11±0.03^a	0.68±0.03^a	0.68±0.01^a	0.43±0.01^a	0.43±0.01^a
全磷 Total P(g/kg)	1.03±0.02^a	1.06±0.01^a	0.92±0.01^b	0.90±0.01^a	0.89±0.01^b	0.84±0.03^a
全钾 Total K(g/kg)	21.93±0.24^b	21.52±0.11^a	19.92±0.16^a	19.91±0.23^a	20.94±0.14^b	20.61±0.02^a
碱解氮 Available N(mg/kg)	49.80±0.43^a	49.95±0.44^a	44.05±1.32^b	42.54±0.61^a	28.81±2.07^b	10.70±0.88^a
有效磷 Available P(mg/kg)	49.85±0.25^a	50.50±0.46^b	33.59±1.34^a	34.55±0.94^a	27.08±2.30^b	20.67±0.86^a
速效钾 Available P(mg/kg)	330.3±6.46^b	310.6±5.32^a	190.8±5.84^a	201.7±6.91^b	129±6.15^a	151.3±6.74^b

α-多样性指数 Alpha-diversity indices	W₁		W₂		W₃
α-多样性指数 Alpha-diversity indices	W₁₀	W₁₁	W₂₀	W₂₁	W₃₀	W₃₁
丰富度指数 Richness index	1 702.2±158.0^a	1 618.7±107.9^a	1 522.2±189.3^a	1 678.0±140.6^a	1 726.0±200.9^a	1 882.6±232.2^a
Chao 1指数 Chao1 index	1 712.2±167.0^a	1 624.5±108.0^a	1 528.18±194.83^a	1 693.2±151.0^a	1 372.7±206.1^a	1 903.2±238.6^a
Shannon指数 Shannon index	9.87±0.08^a	9.74±0.23^a	9.64±0.17^a	9.69±0.10^a	9.90±0.19^a	9.80±0.62^a

α-多样性指数 Alpha-diversity indices	W₁		W₂		W₃
α-多样性指数 Alpha-diversity indices	W₁₀	W₁₁	W₂₀	W₂₁	W₃₀	W₃₁
丰富度指数 Richness index	1 702.2±158.0^a	1 618.7±107.9^a	1 522.2±189.3^a	1 678.0±140.6^a	1 726.0±200.9^a	1 882.6±232.2^a
Chao 1指数 Chao1 index	1 712.2±167.0^a	1 624.5±108.0^a	1 528.18±194.83^a	1 693.2±151.0^a	1 372.7±206.1^a	1 903.2±238.6^a
Shannon指数 Shannon index	9.87±0.08^a	9.74±0.23^a	9.64±0.17^a	9.69±0.10^a	9.90±0.19^a	9.80±0.62^a

分类 Classification	W₁		W₂		W₃
分类 Classification	W₁₀	W₁₁	W₂₀	W₂₁	W₃₀	W₃₁
变形菌门Proteobacteria	27.41±2.45^a	27.95±2.94^a	23.59±1.76^a	25.29±1.57^a	26.42±2.17^a	25.33±0.93^a
Skermanella属	3.50±0.90^a	3.26±0.54^a	1.92±0.26^a	1.86±0.68^a	1.50±0.25^a	1.33±0.38^a
Pseudomonas属	0.38±0.10^a	2.07±4.14^a	0.24±0.06^a	0.25±0.15^a	0.09±0.03^a	0.68±1.24^a
Acidibacter属	0.69±0.11^a	0.58±0.03^a	0.29±0.05^a	0.27±0.07^a	0.55±0.16^a	0.44±0.13^a
放线菌门Actinobacteriota	20.36±1.08^a	20.78±1.69^a	18.44±1.12^a	18.08±1.06^a	18.45±1.27^a	17.89±4.56^a
Pseudarthrobacter属	1.27±0.23^a	1.71±0.25^b	1.12±0.12^a	1.33±0.22^a	3.33±0.44^a	2.62±0.63^a
酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota	14.37±0.85^a	14.11±0.40^a	14.65±0.94^a	13.93±1.22^a	14.94±0.42^a	12.41±3.75^a
Vicinamibacteraceae属	4.25±0.32^b	3.29±0.11^a	2.49±0.21^a	2.48±0.34^a	3.77±0.43^b	2.89±0.65^a
RB41属	2.18±0.27^a	2.50±0.17^a	4.59±0.52^a	4.00±0.61^a	2.61±0.29^a	2.51±0.72^a
芽单胞菌门Gemmatimonadota	9.74±1.68^a	10.46±0.62^b	8.99±0.75^b	7.35±0.64^a	8.33±1.07^b	6.05±1.71^a
拟杆菌门Bacteroidota	7.20±0.61^a	4.45±0.51^a	4.80±0.85^b	3.85±0.19^a	4.00±0.62^a	4.37±1.06^a
Pontibacter属	0.18±0.04^a	0.32±0.14^a	1.18±0.40^b	0.19±0.07^a	0.12±0.04^a	0.15±0.04^a
绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	5.10±0.33^a	4.64±0.34^a	4.86±0.47^a	4.76±0.36^a	4.12±0.08^a	3.96±1.38^a
JG30-KF-CM45属	0.93±0.12^a	0.90±0.16^a	0.88±0.18^a	0.68±0.15^a	0.63±0.03^a	0.56±0.23^a
粘球菌门Myxococcota	3.81±0.20^a	4.43±0.49^b	3.09±0.16^a	3.35±0.29^a	3.70±0.27^a	3.23±1.10^a
厚壁菌门Firmicutes	2.07±0.61^a	3.36±1.00^b	8.96±1.95^a	11.42±0.86^b	8.56±1.59^a	14.60±10.64^a
Bacillus属	1.49±0.36^a	2.52±0.90^a	7.06±1.57^a	9.02±0.82^b	5.39±0.98^a	5.38±1.02^a
Staphylococcus属	0.00±0.00^a	0.01±0.02^a	0.00±0.00^a	0.01±0.01^a	0.00±0.00^a	2.11±4.71^a
微菌门Verrucomicrobiota	1.54±0.19^a	1.60±0.32^a	1.91±0.59^a	1.43±0.49^a	27.08±2.30^b	1.48±0.51^a
Entotheonellaeota门	2.82±1.06^a	2.17±0.59^a	3.78±0.42^a	3.20±0.42^a	8.56±1.59^a	14.60±10.64^a
Candidatus_ Entotheonella属	1.47±0.19^a	1.52±0.30^a	3.47±0.40^a	2.89±0.40^a	1.34±0.14^a	1.29±0.43^a

哈密瓜种植对根际土壤细菌群落组成和多样性的影响

Analysis of rhizospheric bacterial community structure and diversity of Hami melon under field cultivation

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Metrics

因子组合 Different combination of environmental factors	Mantel检验
因子组合 Different combination of environmental factors	rM	P
TK	0.442 4	0.001
pH	0.456 9	0.001
TK+pH	0.529 3	0.001
TK+pH+TP	0.628 6	0.001
TK+pH+TP+AK	0.700 5	0.001
TK+pH+TP+AK+TN	0.729 1	0.001
TK+AK+pH+TP+TN+AP	0.722 6	0.001
TK+pH+TP+AK+TN+AP+AN	0.742 7	0.001
TK+pH+TP+AK+TN+AP+AN+EC	0.702 4	0.001
TK+pH+AK+TN+AP+AN+TP+SOM+EC	0.709 7	0.001

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