不完全双列杂交玉米组合抗倒伏综合评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究36份玉米杂交组合产量性状与茎秆力学倒伏综合评价,筛选出抗倒伏强的品种。【方法】以 4 份玉米自交系为测验种,9 份玉米高代系为待测系,采用 NCⅡ不完全双列杂交组配设计,对其茎秆性状及产量性状进行相关性、主成分、隶属函数、聚类分析,综合评价36个杂交组合的产量因子和茎秆性状。【结果】不同玉米杂交组合单株粒重与基部第3节穿刺强度、穗下第1节穿刺强度、基部第4节弯曲强度、穗下第1节弯曲强度和茎秆抗推力表现为极显著正相关,分别为0.451^**、0.588^**、0.459^**、0.422^**和0.490^**;单株粒重与茎粗均表现为负相关;株高、行粒数、单株粒重与茎秆抗推力呈显著正相关关系,分别为0.388、0.387、0.490;穗高、秃尖、穗粗、轴粗、生育期与茎秆抗推力呈负相关关系;通过主成分分析,8 个性状进行主成分分析,前5个主成分其累计贡献率达到了89.98%。【结论】结合隶属函数、贡献率计算权重、综合评价36个玉米杂交组合抗倒伏、宜机收能力的综合评价D值,并进行聚类分析,将其划分为三类,9个综合指标强的组合,14个综合指标弱的组合,13个综合指标中等的组合。

关键词: 玉米组合; 不完全双列杂交; 抗倒伏; 主成分分析; 综合评价

Abstract:

【Objective】In this study, 36maize combinations were used to study yield characters and stem mechanical lodging, so as to select of lodging resistant varieties.【Methods】With four inbred lines were used as the test species and nine high-generation lines to be tested, NC II incomplete diallel cross design was used to perform comprehensively evaluation of the correlation and yield traits, principal component, membership function, yield factor and cluster analysis of the 36 yield components.【Results】Correlation analysis showed that grain weight per plant was significantly positively correlated with puncture strength at basal level 3, puncture strength at subear level 1, bending strength at basal level 4, bending strength at subear level 1 and stem thrust resistance, which were 0.451^**, 0.588^**, 0.459^**, 0.422^** and 0.490^**, respectively. The grain weight per plant was negatively correlated with stem diameter. Plant height, grain number in rows and grain weight per plant were significantly positively correlated with stem thrust resistances, which were 0.388, 0.387 and 0.490, respectively. Panicle position, bald tip, panicle diameter, shaft diameter and growth period were negatively correlated with stem thrust resistance. Through principal component analysis, eight traits were analyzed. The cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components reached 89.98%.【Conclusion】Combined with membership function, contribution rate calculation weight and comprehensive evaluation D value of lodging resistance and adaptive recovery ability of 36 maize hybrid combinations, cluster analysis was carried out to divide them into three types, 9 combinations with strong comprehensive indexes,14 combinations with weak comprehensive indexes and 13 combinations with moderate comprehensive indexes. This analysis method made the evaluation of hybrid combinations more intuitive and simplified, and laid a certain foundation for the comprehensive evaluation of lodging resistant adaptive hybrid combinations.

Key words: maize combination; incomplete diallel hybridization; lodging resistance; principal component analysis; comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S513

杨明花, 刘强, 廖必勇, 彭云承, 布阿依夏木·那曼提, 达吾来·杰克山. 不完全双列杂交玉米组合抗倒伏综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 832-840.

YANG Minghua, LIU Qiang, LIAO Biyong, PEN Yuncheng, Buayxam Namat, Dawulai Jiekeshan. Comprehensive evaluation of lodging resistance of NCII maize combinations[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(4): 832-840.

图/表 5

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性状 Traits	基部3粗 3rd node Stem diameter	基4粗 4th node Stem diameter	穗下1粗 1rd node under the ear Stem diameter	基3穿 3rd node RPS	穗下1穿 1rd node under the ear RPS	基4弯 4th node BS	穗下1弯 1rd node under the ear BS	单株粒质量 Grain weight per plant
基4粗 4th node Stem diameter	0.975^**
穗下1粗 1rd node under the ear Stem diameter	0.922^**	0.924^**
基3穿3rd node RPS	0.145	0.081	0.117
穗下1穿 1rd node under the ear RPS	0.011	0.062	0.225	0.890^**
基4弯4th node BS	0.671^**	0.555^**	0.561^**	0.839^**	0.635^**
穗下1弯 1rd node under the ear BS	0.540^**	0.498^**	0.653^**	0.732^**	0.703^**	0.908^**
单株粒质量 Grain weight per plant	0.381^*	0.411^**	0.442^**	0.511^**	0.231	0.573^**	0.529^**
茎秆抗推力 The stem resists thrust	-0.182	-0.153	-0.105	0.451^**	0.588^**	0.459^**	0.422^**	0.490^**

性状 Traits	基部3粗 3rd node Stem diameter	基4粗 4th node Stem diameter	穗下1粗 1rd node under the ear Stem diameter	基3穿 3rd node RPS	穗下1穿 1rd node under the ear RPS	基4弯 4th node BS	穗下1弯 1rd node under the ear BS	单株粒质量 Grain weight per plant
基4粗 4th node Stem diameter	0.975^**
穗下1粗 1rd node under the ear Stem diameter	0.922^**	0.924^**
基3穿3rd node RPS	0.145	0.081	0.117
穗下1穿 1rd node under the ear RPS	0.011	0.062	0.225	0.890^**
基4弯4th node BS	0.671^**	0.555^**	0.561^**	0.839^**	0.635^**
穗下1弯 1rd node under the ear BS	0.540^**	0.498^**	0.653^**	0.732^**	0.703^**	0.908^**
单株粒质量 Grain weight per plant	0.381^*	0.411^**	0.442^**	0.511^**	0.231	0.573^**	0.529^**
茎秆抗推力 The stem resists thrust	-0.182	-0.153	-0.105	0.451^**	0.588^**	0.459^**	0.422^**	0.490^**

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	穗高 Ear height	穗长 Ear length	秃尖长 Bar tip length	穗粗 Ear diameter	穗行数 Ear row number	行粒数 Row grain number	轴粗 Axle diameter	百粒重 100-grain weight	生育期 Growth period	单株粒重 Grain weight per plant
穗高Ear height	0.561^**
穗长Ear length	-0.005	-0.215
秃尖长Bar tip length	-0.261	0.001	-0.200
穗粗Ear diameter	0.075	0.080	0.165	0.071
穗行数Ear row number	-0.035	0.194	-0.136	0.245	0.233
行粒数Row grain number	0.360^*	0.043	0.574^**	-0.332^*	0.403^*	-0.031
轴粗Axle diameter	-0.166	0.000	0.300	0.108	0.258	0.185	0.062
百粒重100-grain weight	0.250	0.065	0.476^**	-0.170	0.546^**	-0.035	0.685^**	0.455^**
生育期 Growth period	0.022	0.733^**	-0.250	0.010	-0.389	0.494^**	-0.506^**	-0.409^*	-0.811^**
单株粒重Grain weight per plant	0.326^*	0.010	0.493^**	-0.481^**	0.183	-0.070	0.509^**	-0.239	0.277	0.159
茎秆抗推力 Thestem resists thrust	0.388^*	-0.047	0.237	-0.402^*	-0.075	-0.388^*	0.387^*	-0.176	0.195	-0.182	0.490^**

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	穗高 Ear height	穗长 Ear length	秃尖长 Bar tip length	穗粗 Ear diameter	穗行数 Ear row number	行粒数 Row grain number	轴粗 Axle diameter	百粒重 100-grain weight	生育期 Growth period	单株粒重 Grain weight per plant
穗高Ear height	0.561^**
穗长Ear length	-0.005	-0.215
秃尖长Bar tip length	-0.261	0.001	-0.200
穗粗Ear diameter	0.075	0.080	0.165	0.071
穗行数Ear row number	-0.035	0.194	-0.136	0.245	0.233
行粒数Row grain number	0.360^*	0.043	0.574^**	-0.332^*	0.403^*	-0.031
轴粗Axle diameter	-0.166	0.000	0.300	0.108	0.258	0.185	0.062
百粒重100-grain weight	0.250	0.065	0.476^**	-0.170	0.546^**	-0.035	0.685^**	0.455^**
生育期 Growth period	0.022	0.733^**	-0.250	0.010	-0.389	0.494^**	-0.506^**	-0.409^*	-0.811^**
单株粒重Grain weight per plant	0.326^*	0.010	0.493^**	-0.481^**	0.183	-0.070	0.509^**	-0.239	0.277	0.159
茎秆抗推力 Thestem resists thrust	0.388^*	-0.047	0.237	-0.402^*	-0.075	-0.388^*	0.387^*	-0.176	0.195	-0.182	0.490^**

主成分 Principal component	主成分1 Factor 1	主成分2 Factor 2	主成分3 Factor 3	主成分4 Factor 4	主成分5 Factor 5
X₁	0.257	0.115	-0.414	0.045	0.515
X₂	0.126	-0.582	0.074	-0.215	0.446
X₃	0.383	-0.261	0.018	-0.105	0.021
X₄	0.318	0.175	0.121	-0.628	0.152
X₅	0.418	0.090	0.204	0.156	-0.139
X₆	0.443	0.017	0.149	0.061	-0.135
X₇	0.419	-0.030	0.138	0.110	-0.142
X₈	0.324	0.191	-0.184	0.266	-0.255
特征值 Eigenvalues	3.95	1.14	0.88	0.68	0.55
百分率 Percent (%)	49.40	14.24	10.97	8.47	6.90
累计贡献率 Cumulative percentage (%)	49.40	63.64	74.61	83.08	89.98