甜瓜不同时期硫敏感性的差异分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究甜瓜不同时期对硫敏感性的差异程度,以M446(高代自交系)和DM18(高代自交系)为材料,研究在甜瓜植株的不同时期喷施硫磺悬浮剂250倍液对甜瓜生长效应的影响。【方法】采用方差、相关性、主成分和隶属函数分析方法,测定甜瓜材料M446和DM18进行生长指标并进行综合评价。【结果】不同时期喷施硫制剂对甜瓜的各个生长指标均有不同程度的抑制作用,不同甜瓜材料对硫敏感的程度有一定差异,各生长指标均随着生长时期的增大呈下降趋势,病叶率和硫害指数随生长时期的增大呈上升趋势。【结论】甜瓜对硫敏感程度为结果期>伸蔓期>幼苗期。

关键词: 甜瓜; 不同时期; 硫敏感性

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to investigate the degree of differences in sulfur sensitivity of melons in different periods, M446 (a high-generation self-compatible line) and DM18 (a high-generation self-compatible line) were used as experimental materials, and a preliminary study was carried out to investigate the influence of the growth effect of melons by spraying sulfur suspension 250 times at different periods of the melons plants. 【Methods】ANOVA, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and subordinate function analysis were used to determine the growth indexes and to evaluate melon materials M446 and DM18 comprehensively. 【Results】Sulfur spraying at different times had different degrees of inhibition on the growth indexes of melons, and the degree of sulfur sensitivity of different melon materials varied to a certain extent; all growth indexes showed a decreasing trend with the increase of the growth period, and the rate of diseased leaves and the sulfur damage index showed an increasing trend with the increase of the growth period. 【Conclusion】The degree of sulfur sensitivity of melon is summarized as fruiting period > vining period > seedling period.

Key words: melon; different periods; sulfur sensitivity

中图分类号:

S652

王靖, 王惠林, 徐宝林, 王子琨, 尹杰. 甜瓜不同时期硫敏感性的差异分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(3): 660-668.

WANG Jing, WANG Huilin, XU Baolin, WANG Zikun, YIN Jie. Sulfur sensitivity of melon at different times[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(3): 660-668.

图/表 13

表1 硫害分级标准

Tab.1 Sulfur hazard classification criteria

病级 Patient's grade	病状描述 Description of the disease
0	整个叶片无褐色枯死
1	褐色枯死面积约占叶片面积的25%以下
2	褐色枯死面积约占叶片面积的25%~50%
3	褐色枯死面积约占叶片面积的50%~75%
4	褐色枯死面积约占叶片面积的75%以上

表2 甜瓜抗性评价标准

Tab.2 Evaluation criteria for melon resistance

相对抗性指数 Adversarial index (%)	抗性评价 Resistance assessment
100	免疫(I)
79~99	高抗(HR)
59~79	中抗(R)
39~59	中感(MS)
<39	高感(HS)

表3 不同时期下硫制剂对甜瓜生长效应的变化

Tab.3 Changes influence of sulfur preparation on the growth effect of melon under different periods

材料 Materials	处理 Treatments	主蔓长 Main vine length (m)	茎粗 Stem thickness (mm)	最大功能叶叶面积 Maximum functional leaf area (cm²)	最大功能叶叶节位 Maximum functional leaf node position (节)
M446	CK	2.78±0.05^a	15.02±0.13^a	276.37±2.79^a	11.2±0.23^a
	幼苗期	2.69±0.03^a	14.85±0.12^a	262.94±8.46^ab	11±0.35^a
	伸蔓期	2.73±0.03^a	14.14±0.25^b	249.01±2.93^bc	10±0.42^a
	结果期	2.27±0.07^b	13.83±0.12^b	238.06±3.93^c	8.13±0.13^b
DM18	CK	2.64±0.02^a	15.16±0.09^a	367.62±3.36^a	16.6±0.35^a
	幼苗期	2.55±0.05^ab	15.34±0.11^a	354.31±12.03^a	13.67±0.18^b
	伸蔓期	2.43±0.06^ab	14.43±0.45^a	303.64±8.72^b	12.8±0.00^c
	结果期	2.21±0.05^b	14.47±0.11^a	272.26±2.92^c	10.53±0.07^d

图1 不同时期下硫制剂对甜瓜叶片叶绿素相对含量SPAD值的变化

Fig.1 Changes of sulfur preparation on relative chlorophyll content SPAD value of melon leaves under different periods of time

图2 不同时期下硫制剂对甜瓜中心糖含量的变化

Fig.2 Changes of sulfur preparation on central sugar content of melons under different time periods

图3 不同时期下硫制剂对甜瓜单果重的变化

Fig.3 Changes of sulfur formulation on single fruit weight of melons under different time periods

图4 不同时期下硫制剂对甜瓜植株病叶率的变化

Fig.4 Changes of sulfur formulation on the rate of diseased leaves of melon plantsunder different time periods

图5 不同时期下硫制剂对甜瓜植株硫害指数的变化

Fig.5 Changes of sulfur formulation on sulfur damage index of melon plantsunder different time periods

表4 M446生长指标相关系数矩阵

Tab.4 Correlation coefficient matrix for growth indicators of M446

指标 Norm	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h
a
b	0.757
c	0.79	0.976^*
d	0.929	0.938	0.923
e	0.82	0.944	0.875	0.966^*
f	0.81	0.99 ${4^{**}}^{}$	0.99 ${0^{**}}^{}$	0.956^*	0.934
g	0.788	0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	0.99 ${2^{**}}^{}$	0.944	0.925	0.99 ${9^{**}}^{}$
h	-0.971^*	-0.879	-0.913	-0.973^*	-0.88	-0.921	-0.907
i	-0.973^*	-0.887	-0.908	-0.983^*	-0.902	-0.924	-0.909	0.99 ${8^{**}}^{}$

表4 M446生长指标相关系数矩阵

Tab.4 Correlation coefficient matrix for growth indicators of M446

指标 Norm	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h
a
b	0.757
c	0.79	0.976^*
d	0.929	0.938	0.923
e	0.82	0.944	0.875	0.966^*
f	0.81	0.99 ${4^{**}}^{}$	0.99 ${0^{**}}^{}$	0.956^*	0.934
g	0.788	0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	0.99 ${2^{**}}^{}$	0.944	0.925	0.99 ${9^{**}}^{}$
h	-0.971^*	-0.879	-0.913	-0.973^*	-0.88	-0.921	-0.907
i	-0.973^*	-0.887	-0.908	-0.983^*	-0.902	-0.924	-0.909	0.99 ${8^{**}}^{}$

表5 DM18生长指标相关系数矩阵

Tab.5 Correlation coefficient matrix for growth indicators of DM18

指标 Norm	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h
a
b	0.794
c	0.974^*	0.908
d	0.953^*	0.7	0.923
e	0.983^*	0.817	0.961^*	0.881
f	0.974^*	0.752	0.928	0.867	0.99 ${4^{**}}^{}$
g	0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	0.829	0.978^*	0.919	0.99 ${6^{**}}^{}$	0.985^*
h	-0.952^*	-0.89	-0.987^*	-0.948	-0.911	-0.872	-0.944
i	-0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	-0.829	-0.978^*	-0.919	-0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	-0.984^*	-1.00 ${0^{**}}^{}$	0.944

表5 DM18生长指标相关系数矩阵

Tab.5 Correlation coefficient matrix for growth indicators of DM18

指标 Norm	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h
a
b	0.794
c	0.974^*	0.908
d	0.953^*	0.7	0.923
e	0.983^*	0.817	0.961^*	0.881
f	0.974^*	0.752	0.928	0.867	0.99 ${4^{**}}^{}$
g	0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	0.829	0.978^*	0.919	0.99 ${6^{**}}^{}$	0.985^*
h	-0.952^*	-0.89	-0.987^*	-0.948	-0.911	-0.872	-0.944
i	-0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	-0.829	-0.978^*	-0.919	-0.99 ${5^{**}}^{}$	-0.984^*	-1.00 ${0^{**}}^{}$	0.944

表6 甜瓜植株生长指标的特征值和贡献率

Tab.6 Eigenvalues and Contributions of Melon Plant Growth Indicators

材料 Mate- rials	成分 Ingredient	特征值 Eigen values	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate(%)
M446	1	8.376	93.064	93.064
	2	0.472	5.249	98.313
	3	0.152	1.687	100
DM18	1	8.415	93.499	93.499
	2	0.367	4.08	97.579
	3	0.218	2.421	100

表7 甜瓜植株生长指标提取的主成分矩阵

Tab.7 Principal component matrix for melon plant growth index extraction

材料 Materials	成分 Ingredient	1	2	3
M446	主蔓长	0.902	0.431	-0.015
	茎粗	0.964	-0.263	0.029
	最大功能叶叶面积	0.965	-0.187	-0.182
	最大功能叶叶节位	0.992	0.084	0.094
	叶绿素相对含量	0.949	-0.075	0.307
	单果重	0.983	-0.177	-0.049
	中心糖	0.975	-0.216	-0.058
	病叶率	0.972	0.219	-0.086
	硫害指数	0.977	0.211	-0.034
DM18	主蔓长	0.993	-0.119	0.019
	茎粗	0.863	0.5	-0.068
	最大功能叶叶面积	0.993	0.107	0.041
	最大功能叶叶节位	0.935	-0.163	0.313
	叶绿素相对含量	0.984	-0.078	-0.162
	单果重	0.963	-0.181	-0.198
	中心糖	0.995	-0.07	-0.068
	病叶率	0.972	0.127	0.196
	硫害指数	0.995	-0.07	-0.068

表8 甜瓜植株各生长指标隶属函数分析综合评价

Tab.8 Analysis of the affiliation function of each growth index of melon plants

材料 Materials	处理 Treatments	隶属函数值 Value of the affiliation function									隶属平均值 AMF	排名 Ranking
材料 Materials	处理 Treatments	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h	i	隶属平均值 AMF	排名 Ranking
M446	CK	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.83	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.98	1
	幼苗期	0.82	0.86	0.65	0.93	1.00	0.78	0.77	0.75	0.80	0.82	2
	伸蔓期	0.90	0.26	0.29	0.61	0.44	0.33	0.29	0.67	0.68	0.50	3
	结果期	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	4
DM18	CK	1.00	0.80	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.98	1
	幼苗期	0.79	1.00	0.86	0.52	0.98	0.97	0.89	0.72	0.89	0.85	2
	伸蔓期	0.51	0.00	0.33	0.37	0.60	0.70	0.53	0.22	0.53	0.42	3
	结果期	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	4

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