棉花全生育期植株含水率与顶部茎叶形态特征的关系

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 531-538.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.002

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

棉花全生育期植株含水率与顶部茎叶形态特征的关系

张凌健¹^,²(), 张凯¹^,²(), 张慧¹, 郭小梦¹^,², 陈国悦¹^,², 王奕丁¹, 贾庆宇¹^,²

1.新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室/新疆种植业绿色生产工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2024-08-05 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-05-14
通信作者: 张凯(1986-),男,河南新乡人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为土壤学,(E-mail) zhangkai4595241@163.com
作者简介:张凌健(1998-),男,湖南衡阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤学与植物营养学,(E-mail) 1036914076@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目课题“田间典型作物高效用水及作物生境智能管控模式”(2022A02003-2);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目“作物定向提质化肥减施增效关键技术研发与应用”(2022B02020-2)

Study on the relationship between plant water content and morphological characteristics of top stem and leaf during the whole growth period of cotton

ZHANG Lingjian¹^,²(), ZHANG Kai¹^,²(), ZHANG Hui¹, GUO Xiaomeng¹^,², CHEN Guoyue¹^,², WANG Yiding¹, JIA Qingyu¹^,²

1. College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Ecological Processes/Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Green Production of Planting Industry, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2024-08-05 Published:2025-03-20 Online:2025-05-14
Supported by:
Major Scientific R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“Efficient Water Use of Typical Crops in the Field and Intelligent Management and Control Mode of Crop Habitat”(2022A02003-2);Key R & D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“Research and Application of Key Technologies for Crop Directional Quality Improvement, Fertilizer Reduction and Efficiency Increase”(2022B02020-2)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究棉花植株水分状况与顶部茎叶形态特征的关系,为棉花水分特征的识别、建模和无损诊断提供科学依据。【方法】采用大田试验的方法,参照当地大田棉花常规灌溉周期与灌溉时间,在蕾期、初花期、盛花结铃初期、盛花结铃中期、盛花结铃后期。观测不同生育期内棉花形态特征(顶两叶间距、叶柄-主茎夹角、叶片-主茎夹角)和植株含水率的变化特征。【结果】(1)在蕾期与初花期的一个灌溉周期,随着植株含水率减少,顶两叶间距逐渐升高,叶片-主茎夹角与叶柄-主茎夹角则是逐渐降低。(2)在盛花结铃初期、盛花结铃中期与盛花结铃后期的3个灌溉周期,顶两叶间距与叶片-主茎夹角随着植株含水率的减少而增大,叶柄-主茎夹角随着植株含水率的减少而减小,其中顶两叶间距、叶片-主茎夹角与初花期结果相似,叶片-主茎夹角则与初花期相反。(3)顶两叶间距、叶片-主茎夹角、叶柄-主茎夹角与棉花含水状况存在显著线性关系。【结论】在棉花的全生育期,棉花形态特征指标顶两叶间距、叶柄-主茎夹角、叶片-主茎夹角对棉花水分情况均有较好的响应规律。

关键词: 棉花; 形态特征; 含水率; 线性回归

Abstract:

【Objective】To clarify the relationship between water status of cotton plants and morphological characteristics of top stems and leaves in the hope of providing a scientific basis for the identification, modeling and non-destructive diagnosis of cotton water characteristics. 【Methods】Using the method of field experiment, referring to the local field cotton conventional irrigation cycle and irrigation time, in the bud stage, early flowering stage, early flowering and boll-setting stage, middle flowering and boll-setting stage, late flowering and boll-setting stage, the morphological characteristics of cotton (the distance between the top two leaves, the angle between the petiole and the main stem, the angle between the leaf and the main stem) and the variation characteristics of plant water content in different growth stages were observed. 【Results】(1) In an irrigation cycle of bud stage and early flowering stage, with the decrease of plant water content, the distance between the top two leaves gradually increased, and the angle between leaf and main stem and the angle between petiole and main stem gradually decreased. (2) In the three irrigation cycles of early flowering and boll-setting stage, middle flowering and boll-setting stage and late flowering and boll-setting stage, the distance between the top two leaves and the angle between leaf and main stem increased with the decrease of plant water content, and the angle between petiole and main stem decreased with the decrease of plant water content. The distance between the top two leaves and the angle between leaf and main stem were similar to those at the initial flowering stage, while the angle between leaf and main stem was opposite to that at the initial flowering stage. (3) There was a significant linear relationship between the distance between the top two leaves, the angle between the leaf and the main stem, the angle between the petiole and the main stem and the water content of cotton. 【Conclusion】In summary, during the whole growth period of cotton, the morphological characteristics of cotton, such as the distance between the top two leaves, the angle between petiole and main stem, and the angle between leaf and main stem, have a good response to the water condition of cotton.

Key words: cotton; morphological characteristics; moisture content; linear regression

中图分类号:

S562

张凌健, 张凯, 张慧, 郭小梦, 陈国悦, 王奕丁, 贾庆宇. 棉花全生育期植株含水率与顶部茎叶形态特征的关系[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(3): 531-538.

ZHANG Lingjian, ZHANG Kai, ZHANG Hui, GUO Xiaomeng, CHEN Guoyue, WANG Yiding, JIA Qingyu. Study on the relationship between plant water content and morphological characteristics of top stem and leaf during the whole growth period of cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(3): 531-538.

图/表 7

表1 滴灌量以及滴灌时间

Tab.1 Quantity of drip irrigation and the time of drip irrigation

滴灌时间 Drip irrigation time (M/D)	滴灌量 Drip irrigation (m³/667m²)
6/17	70.78
7/9	77.59
7/21	73.51
8/6	73.51
8/19	78.95

图1 蕾期棉花形态特征以及含水率的变化趋势(平均值±标准差)

Fig.1 Morphological characteristics and water content change trend of cotton at bud stage(Mean ± SD)

图2 初花期棉花形态特征以及含水率的变化趋势(平均值±标准差)

Fig.2 Morphological characteristics and water content change trend of cotton at early flowering stage(Mean ± SD)

图3 盛花结铃初期棉花形态特征以及含水率的变化趋势(平均值±标准差)

Fig.3 Morphological characteristics and water content change trend of cotton at early flowering and boll-setting stage(Mean ± SD)

图4 盛花结铃中期棉花形态特征以及含水率的变化趋势(平均值±标准差)

Fig.4 Morphological characteristics and water content change trend of cotton in middle flowering and boll-setting stage(Mean ± SD)

图5 盛花结铃后期棉花形态特征以及含水率的变化趋势(平均值±标准差)

Fig.5 Morphological characteristics and water content change trend of cotton in late flowering and boll-setting stage(Mean ± SD)

表2 各生育期棉花形态特征与植株含水率的关系(16:00~17:00)

Tab.2 The relationship between cotton morphological characteristics and cotton plant water content in each growth period(during 16:00-17:00)

生育期 Reproductive period	形态指标 Morphological indexes	模型关系 Regression equation	R²	P
初花期 Initial flowering	顶两叶间距	Y=-0.299 8X+28.34	0.217 6	P=0.17
	叶片-主茎夹角	Y=4.084X-327.9	0.590 9	P<0.01
	叶柄-主茎夹角	Y=2.272X-134.2	0.635 4	P<0.01
	拟合的多元回归模型方程	Y=1.83PS-0.159 3MPS+0.938 4HAL+41.33	0.924 9	P<0.01
盛花结铃初期 Early full-bloom bolls	顶两叶间距	Y=-0.129 2X+15.42	0.057 19	P=0.51
	叶片-主茎夹角	Y=-3.439X+308.7	0.776 5	P<0.05
	叶柄-主茎夹角	Y=2.119X-124.5	0.750 1	P<0.01
	拟合的多元回归模型方程	Y=0.821 2PS-0.185 9MPS+0.464 5HAL+55.36	0.878 7	P<0.01
盛花结铃中期 Mid-blooming period of full-bloom	顶两叶间距	Y=-0.229 7X+20.80	0.225 6	P=0.17
	叶片-主茎夹角	Y=-4.276X+267.3	0.6547	P<0.01
	叶柄-主茎夹角	Y=2.275X-132.1	0.603 0	P<0.01
	拟合的多元回归模型方程	Y=0.781 1PS-0.090 73MPS+0.213 8HAL+67.13	0.694 8	P<0.05
盛花结铃后期 Late full- bloom bolls	顶两叶间距	Y=-0.369X+29.95	0.935 2	P<0.01
	叶片-主茎夹角	Y=-1.947 8X+192.3	0.243 9	P=0.15
	叶柄-主茎夹角	Y=1.196X-42.21	0.1136	P=0.34
	拟合的多元回归模型方程	Y=-2.639PS+0.062 89MPS+0.086 92HAL+73.87	0.955 1	P<0.01

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棉花全生育期植株含水率与顶部茎叶形态特征的关系

Study on the relationship between plant water content and morphological characteristics of top stem and leaf during the whole growth period of cotton

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