新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 2203-2210.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.015

• 园艺特产·林业 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同浓度苦豆子浸提液对连作番茄生长及土壤肥力的影响

田超1,2(), 李玉姗2, 马越2, 宋羽2()   

  1. 1.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830046
    2.新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-02 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-10-09
  • 通信作者: 宋羽(1980-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为设施园艺,(E-mail)songyu150@163.com
  • 作者简介:田超(1997-),女,新疆昌吉人,硕士研究生,研究方向为分子生物学,(E-mail)1505944372@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“环塔里木盆地设施蔬菜栽培关键核心技术研究”(2022A02005-2);新疆蔬菜产业技术体系(XJARS-07)

Effects of different concentrations of sophora alopecuroides extract on the growth and soil fertility of continuous cropping tomatoes

TIAN Chao1,2(), LI Yushan2, MA Yue2, SONG Yu2()   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    2. Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
  • Received:2024-03-02 Published:2024-09-20 Online:2024-10-09
  • Supported by:
    Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“Research on Key and Core Technology of Vegetable Cultivation in Facilities around Tarim Basin”(2022A02005-2);Technical System of vegetable industry in Xinjiang(XJARS-07)

摘要:

【目的】研究不同浓度苦豆子浸提液对番茄苗期植株生长、土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响,为科学开发利用苦豆子资源、解决连作障碍提供参考。【方法】采用土壤盆栽试验,设置不同浓度苦豆子浸提液(0、5、10、20、40和80 g/L)处理,研究添加不同浓度苦豆子浸提液对番茄幼苗生长指标、土壤速效养分和土壤酶活性的影响。【结果】处理50 d后,番茄株高、茎粗、干重、鲜重及叶绿素含量均随着处理浓度的升高而增加,且T5处理对番茄生长指标的促进作用最佳。不同浓度苦豆子浸提液处理后,与对照组相比,土壤pH值增加0.28~0.72,土壤EC值增加1.55~5.25倍。同时,添加苦豆子浸提液也改变了土壤养分含量,与对照相比,T2、T3、T4和T5处理,全氮增加4.2%~45.5%,速效钾增加5.2%~117.6%;土壤有机质增加5.6%~23.8%,碱解氮增加31.3%~142.1%;全磷降低11.2%~18.5%,全钾降低了2.6%~5.0%。5种土壤酶活性随苦豆子浸提液浓度的增加而增加,与对照相比,T5处理显著增加蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,分别较CK增加296.42%、21.86%、422.01%、43.13%和100.89%。5种土壤酶均与土壤pH值、EC值、有机质含量、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾均呈正相关关系;与全磷、全钾、有效磷指标之间呈负相关关系。【结论】苦豆子浸提液可提高土壤养分和土壤酶活性,从而改善番茄的根系环境,促进番茄苗期生长,缓解连作障碍对番茄幼苗的危害。

关键词: 连作; 化感作用; 番茄; 苦豆子; 土壤肥力

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Sophora alopecuroides extract on the growth of tomato seedlings, soil nutrients, and soil enzymes in the hope of providing new insights for the rational utilization of Sophora alopecuroides resources and addressing continuous cropping obstacles. 【Methods】 A soil pot experiment was conducted, with different concentrations of Sophora alopecuroides extract treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 g/L), to study the effects on tomato seedling growth parameters, soil available nutrients, and soil enzyme activities. 【Results】 After 50 days of treatment, the plant height, stem thickness, quality, and chlorophyll content of tomatoes increased with the concentrations of the treatment, with the T5 treatment exhibiting the most significant promotion effect on tomato growth indicators. Furthermore, compared to the control group, the application of different concentrations of Sophora alopecuroides extract resulted in an increase in soil pH by 0.28-0.72 and an increase in soil EC by 1.55-5.25 times. Additionally, the addition of Sophora alopecuroides extract also altered the soil nutrient content. After T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments, compared to the control group, the total nitrogen increased by 4.2%-45.5%, available potassium increased by 5.2%-117.6%; soil organic matter increased by 5.6%-23.8%, alkaline nitrogen increased by 31.3%-142.1%; total phosphorus decreased by 11.2%-18.5%, and total potassium decreased by 2.6%-5.0%. Moreover, the activities of the five soil enzymes increased with the concentration of the extract. The T5 treatment significantly increased the activities of invertase, polyphenol oxidase, urease, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase, with increases of 296.42%, 21.86%, 422.01%, 43.13%, and 100.89%, respectively, compared to the control group. The correlation analysis between soil nutrients and soil enzymes showed that the activities of the five soil enzymes were positively correlated with soil pH, EC, organic matter content, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, and available potassium, while negatively correlated with total phosphorus, total potassium, and available phosphorus. 【Conclusion】 Sophora alopecuroides extract can improve the growth of tomato seedlings under continuous cropping conditions, enhance soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activities, thereby improving the root environment of tomatoes, promoting tomato seedling growth, and alleviating the harm caused by continuous cropping.

Key words: continuous cropping; allelopathy; tomatoes; Sophora alopecuroides; soil fertility

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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