新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (1): 55-62.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.01.007
• 作物遗传育种·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇 下一篇
方辉1(), 范贵强1, 高永红1(
), 丁银灯1, 张永强1, 周安定1, 贾中立2, 黄天荣1(
)
收稿日期:
2021-01-14
出版日期:
2022-01-20
发布日期:
2022-02-18
通信作者:
黄天荣(1969-),男,新疆石河子人,研究员,硕士,研究方向为小麦遗传育种,(E-mail) htr-872@163.com;作者简介:
方辉(1988-),男,新疆喀什人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为小麦遗传育种,(E-mail) 924591633@qq.com
基金资助:
FANG Hui1(), FAN Guiqiang1, GAO Yonghong1(
), DING Yindeng1, ZHANG Yongqiang1, ZHOU Anding1, JIA Zhongli2, HUANG Tianrong1(
)
Received:
2021-01-14
Published:
2022-01-20
Online:
2022-02-18
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究减氮处理对不同小麦品种光合特性、叶绿素荧光及产量的影响,为氮高效利用型小麦品种资源的选择提供理论基础。【方法】大田滴灌条件下,以冬小麦品种(品系)新冬20号、新冬40号、新冬57号、新冬60号、新粮801、新粮802和新粮803为材料,分析不施氮肥(N0)和正常施氮(N1)处理,对不同小麦品种叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、灌浆期旗叶光合特性和叶绿素荧光特性及产量性状的影响。【结果】减氮处理后,7个小麦品种的SPAD值表现为新冬60号>新粮803>新粮802>新冬20号>新冬40号>新粮801>新冬57号,新粮801的光合速率最高,达到17.07 μmol/(m2·s),新粮803的蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度和气孔导度均为最高,分别达到8.19 mmol/(m2·s)、310.15 μL/L和0.53 mol/(m2·s);初始荧光强度(FO)最高的是新冬20号,最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和实际光化学效率(
中图分类号:
方辉, 范贵强, 高永红, 丁银灯, 张永强, 周安定, 贾中立, 黄天荣. 施氮对不同小麦品种光合荧光特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(1): 55-62.
FANG Hui, FAN Guiqiang, GAO Yonghong, DING Yindeng, ZHANG Yongqiang, ZHOU Anding, JIA Zhongli, HUANG Tianrong. Effects of Nitrogen Application on Photosynthetic Fluorescence and Yield of Different Wheat Varieties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(1): 55-62.
施氮水平 N rate | 品种 Cultivar | 生育时期 Growth Stages | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
拔节期 Jionting Stage | 抽穗期 Heading Stage | 扬花期 Flowering Stage | 灌浆期 Filling Stage | ||
N0 | 新冬20号 | 56.16±2.79ab | 58.18±2.06ab | 57.74±2.17bc | 57.63±1.57bc |
新冬40号 | 59.30±1.54a | 59.52±1.80ab | 57.62±1.03bc | 55.32±1.21c | |
新冬57号 | 56.12±1.79ab | 56.70±2.19bc | 54.22±1.62d | 57.66±3.76bc | |
新冬60号 | 56.12±1.70ab | 60.90±1.94a | 59.94±1.06b | 56.24±1.37a | |
新粮801 | 53.56±0.82c | 54.92±2.81c | 53.32±1.27bc | 52.63±2.85bc | |
新粮802 | 54.98±2.18ab | 55.90±2.45abc | 56.28±2.75cd | 59.66±3.23ab | |
新粮803 | 55.80±1.58bc | 59.38±1.81a | 61.00±1.92a | 56.18±3.06bc | |
N1 | 新冬20号 | 56.86±1.35ab | 58.50±1.03abc | 59.28±2.05a | 57.65±2.98bc |
新冬40号 | 59.36±2.05a | 59.62±1.92ab | 61.84±1.85a | 61.36±2.90ab | |
新冬57号 | 56.96±1.60ab | 60.56±1.45a | 61.66±1.86a | 61.62±2.84a | |
新冬60号 | 57.64±1.21ab | 59.08±1.33ab | 61.36±2.63a | 63.58±1.55cd | |
新粮801 | 52.24±2.11c | 56.85±2.98bc | 58.76±1.41b | 58.90±1.56d | |
新粮802 | 57.02±2.77bc | 57.98±1.41c | 60.56±1.06a | 60.94±2.30abc | |
新粮803 | 55.92±3.22ab | 60.18±2.39ab | 62.88±1.52a | 57.90±3.68cd |
表1 不同施氮水平下小麦品种不同生育期SPAD值含量
Table 1 SPAD of wheat varieties at different growth stages under different nitrogen levels
施氮水平 N rate | 品种 Cultivar | 生育时期 Growth Stages | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
拔节期 Jionting Stage | 抽穗期 Heading Stage | 扬花期 Flowering Stage | 灌浆期 Filling Stage | ||
N0 | 新冬20号 | 56.16±2.79ab | 58.18±2.06ab | 57.74±2.17bc | 57.63±1.57bc |
新冬40号 | 59.30±1.54a | 59.52±1.80ab | 57.62±1.03bc | 55.32±1.21c | |
新冬57号 | 56.12±1.79ab | 56.70±2.19bc | 54.22±1.62d | 57.66±3.76bc | |
新冬60号 | 56.12±1.70ab | 60.90±1.94a | 59.94±1.06b | 56.24±1.37a | |
新粮801 | 53.56±0.82c | 54.92±2.81c | 53.32±1.27bc | 52.63±2.85bc | |
新粮802 | 54.98±2.18ab | 55.90±2.45abc | 56.28±2.75cd | 59.66±3.23ab | |
新粮803 | 55.80±1.58bc | 59.38±1.81a | 61.00±1.92a | 56.18±3.06bc | |
N1 | 新冬20号 | 56.86±1.35ab | 58.50±1.03abc | 59.28±2.05a | 57.65±2.98bc |
新冬40号 | 59.36±2.05a | 59.62±1.92ab | 61.84±1.85a | 61.36±2.90ab | |
新冬57号 | 56.96±1.60ab | 60.56±1.45a | 61.66±1.86a | 61.62±2.84a | |
新冬60号 | 57.64±1.21ab | 59.08±1.33ab | 61.36±2.63a | 63.58±1.55cd | |
新粮801 | 52.24±2.11c | 56.85±2.98bc | 58.76±1.41b | 58.90±1.56d | |
新粮802 | 57.02±2.77bc | 57.98±1.41c | 60.56±1.06a | 60.94±2.30abc | |
新粮803 | 55.92±3.22ab | 60.18±2.39ab | 62.88±1.52a | 57.90±3.68cd |
图3 不同小麦品种在减施氮肥后胞间CO2浓度(Ci)变化
Fig.3 The changes of Intercellular CO2 Concentration (Ci) of different wheat varieties after reducing nitrogen application
图6 不同小麦品种在减施氮肥后最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)变化
Fig.6 The changes of Maximal Photochemical Efficiency (Fv/Fm) of different wheat varieties after reducing nitrogen application
图7 不同小麦品种在减施氮肥后实际光化学效率(ΦpsⅡ)变化
Fig.7 The changes of Actual Photochemical Efficiency (ΦpsⅡ) of different wheat varieties after reducing nitrogen application
处理 Treatment | 品种 Varieties | 穗数(104穗/hm2) Spike number | 穗粒数 Grains per spike | 千粒重 1,000-grain weight(g) | 产量 Yield(kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | 新冬20号 | 420.00ab | 46.6a | 44.17d | 3 041.68e |
新冬40号 | 476.67a | 45.3ab | 46.81bc | 4 116.69cd | |
新冬57号 | 391.67b | 41.8b | 50.34a | 3 441.68de | |
新冬60号 | 400.00b | 48.4a | 45.96c | 5 266.69ab | |
新粮801 | 436.67ab | 45.4ab | 43.32d | 5 791.70a | |
新粮802 | 461.67ab | 45.6ab | 47.01bc | 5 741.70a | |
新粮803 | 443.34ab | 47.6a | 47.79b | 4 741.69bc | |
N1 | 新冬20号 | 568.34ab | 44.1de | 46.11d | 6 183.36cd |
新冬40号 | 558.34ab | 48.8c | 47.68c | 8 358.38a | |
新冬57号 | 481.67b | 57.6a | 54.43a | 7 558.37ab | |
新冬60号 | 515.00b | 53.8b | 47.70c | 7 108.37bc | |
新粮801 | 506.67b | 45.1d | 45.04d | 7 133.37bc | |
新粮802 | 661.67a | 42.6e | 48.46c | 5 783.36d | |
新粮803 | 530.00b | 45.9d | 49.93b | 6 583.37bcd |
表2 不同施氮处理下不同品种冬小麦产量及其构成因素变化
Table 2 The influence of Nitrogen application on the yield and its constituent factors of different winter wheat varieties
处理 Treatment | 品种 Varieties | 穗数(104穗/hm2) Spike number | 穗粒数 Grains per spike | 千粒重 1,000-grain weight(g) | 产量 Yield(kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N0 | 新冬20号 | 420.00ab | 46.6a | 44.17d | 3 041.68e |
新冬40号 | 476.67a | 45.3ab | 46.81bc | 4 116.69cd | |
新冬57号 | 391.67b | 41.8b | 50.34a | 3 441.68de | |
新冬60号 | 400.00b | 48.4a | 45.96c | 5 266.69ab | |
新粮801 | 436.67ab | 45.4ab | 43.32d | 5 791.70a | |
新粮802 | 461.67ab | 45.6ab | 47.01bc | 5 741.70a | |
新粮803 | 443.34ab | 47.6a | 47.79b | 4 741.69bc | |
N1 | 新冬20号 | 568.34ab | 44.1de | 46.11d | 6 183.36cd |
新冬40号 | 558.34ab | 48.8c | 47.68c | 8 358.38a | |
新冬57号 | 481.67b | 57.6a | 54.43a | 7 558.37ab | |
新冬60号 | 515.00b | 53.8b | 47.70c | 7 108.37bc | |
新粮801 | 506.67b | 45.1d | 45.04d | 7 133.37bc | |
新粮802 | 661.67a | 42.6e | 48.46c | 5 783.36d | |
新粮803 | 530.00b | 45.9d | 49.93b | 6 583.37bcd |
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摘要 190
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