温湿度对蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫存活的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.10.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究温湿度对蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫存活的影响,为蔡氏胡杨个木虱的综合防治技术和保护胡杨资源奠定基础。【方法】采用温湿度自动记录仪,监测蔡氏胡杨个木虱成虫越冬环境中温湿度,并采用双因素随机区组设计,在室内模拟胡杨林区小环境研究不同温湿度对蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫存活的影响。【结果】蔡氏胡杨个木虱入蛰场所的温度在5~15℃区间变化,而入蛰场所的相对湿度在25%~75%变化,5~25℃范围内,蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫的存活能力随温度的升高而下降,各温度间差异显著;在5℃时,成虫存活时间最长,达150 d(相对湿度25%)和200 d(相对湿度75%),而25℃时,分别为7 d(相对湿度25%)和12 d(相对湿度75%);相对湿度75%条件下成虫存活时间明显高于相对湿度25%条件。温度和湿度对蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫的存活有明显交互影响作用。【结论】在新疆北部蔡氏胡杨个木虱9月下旬至10月下旬陆续羽化,11月中旬以成虫进入越冬场所,主要在胡杨林区落叶层下越冬,翌年4月中旬出蛰活动。较高温度和缺水环境不利于新疆胡杨林区蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫的生存。

关键词: 蔡氏胡杨个木虱; 存活能力; 湿度; 温度; 越冬成虫

Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the effects of temperature and humidity on the survival of the overwintering adults of the psyllids (Egeirotrioza ceardi Bergevin) in Populus euphratica in Northern Xinjiang with the view to laying a foundation for the study of the integrated control technology of these psyllids and the protection of Populus euphratica resources. 【Methods】 The temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) in the overwintering environment of adult Psylla chuae on Populus euphratica were monitored by automatic temperature and humidity recorder. The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the survival of adult psyllids were studied in the simulated small environment of Populus euphratica forest region by using two factor random block designs. 【Results】 The results showed that the temperature and relative humidity of the hibernation place of the psyllid varied from 5℃ to 15℃ and from 25% to 75%, respectively. The relationship between temperature and humidity and survival rate of the psyllids showed that the survival ability of the psyllids decreased with the increase of temperature. In the range of 5-25℃, and there was significant difference among the temperatures. The survival time of the adults was the longest, up to 150 days (RH=25%) and 200 days (RH=75%). However, at 25℃, it was 7 days (RH=25%) and 12 days (RH=75%), respectively; The survival time of the adults at 75% RH was significantly higher than that at 25% RH. In the range of 5-25℃,the survival of the adults decreased significantly with increasing temperature. At 5℃,the survival time was the longest,up to 150 d (RH=25%) and 200 d (RH=75%). At 25℃, the survival time was the lowest,down to 7.0 d (RH=25%) and 12 d (RH=75%),respectively. The survival time of the psylla with RH=75% was significantly higher than with RH=25% condition,it showed that water had an obviously effect on the survival of the psylla. Two factor analysis of variance showed that temperature and humidity had significant interaction effects on the survival of the psylla. 【Conclusion】 The ecological characteristics of the overwintering adults of Egeirotrioza ceardi were preliminarily understood. In Northern Xinjiang, Egeirotrioza ceardi emerged successively from late September to late October. In mid November, its entered the overwintering place as adults, mainly overwintering under the deciduous layer of Populus euphratica forest region, and hibernated in mid April of the next year. Higher temperature and water shortage environment were not conducive to the survival of the overwintering adults psyllids in winter.This study is of theoretical significance to understand the ecological adaptability and control of psyllids in Populus euphratica forest region in Northern Xinjiang.

Key words: Egeirotrioza ceardi Bergevin; survival ability; temperature; relative humidity; overwintering adults

中图分类号:

Q968.1
S433

张炳坤, 李瑜, 周黎, 王萍莉. 温湿度对蔡氏胡杨个木虱越冬成虫存活的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(10): 1893-1899.

Bingkun ZHANG, Yu LI, Li ZHOU, Pingli WANG. Effects of Temperature and Humidity on Survival of the Overwintering Adults of Eeirotrioza ceardi[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(10): 1893-1899.

图/表 6

参考文献 20

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相对湿度 Relative humidity	温度 Temperature
相对湿度 Relative humidity	5℃	10℃	15℃	20℃	25℃
25%	150.00±3.59	41.4±1.98	25.10±1.38	13.21±1.85	7.00±1.56
75%	200.00±3.47	61.4±2.58	40.44±1.86	23.65±2.84	12.01±1.78

相对湿度 Relative humidity	温度 Temperature
相对湿度 Relative humidity	5℃	10℃	15℃	20℃	25℃
25%	150.00±3.59	41.4±1.98	25.10±1.38	13.21±1.85	7.00±1.56
75%	200.00±3.47	61.4±2.58	40.44±1.86	23.65±2.84	12.01±1.78

来源 Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方和 Mean square	F
温度 Temperature	95.63	4	4 733.00	59.04^**
湿度 Humidity	2.65	1	524.90	6.55^**
温度×湿度 Temperature ×Humidity	1.62	4	80.17	80.17^**

来源 Source	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方和 Mean square	F
温度 Temperature	95.63	4	4 733.00	59.04^**
湿度 Humidity	2.65	1	524.90	6.55^**
温度×湿度 Temperature ×Humidity	1.62	4	80.17	80.17^**

温度(℃) Temperature	相对湿度25% Relative humidity 25%		相对湿度75% Relative humidity 75%
温度(℃) Temperature	相关方程 Regression equation	相关系数(r²) Correlation coefficient	相关方程 Regression equation	相关系数(r²) Correlation coefficient
5	y=0.002x²-0.112x+1.163	0.996	y=0.001x²-0.101x+1.155	0.984
10	y=-0.001x²+0.020x+0.954	0.968	y=-0.002x²-0.001x+1.053	0.947
15	y=-0.003x²+0.045x+0.898	0.987	y=-0.002x²-0.005x+1.069	0.936
20	y=0.004x²+0.030x+0.937	0.953	y=0.001x²-0.102x+1.269	0.908
25	y=0.001x²-0.096x+1.091	0.946	y=0.009x²-0.233x+1.273	0.964