Effects of basal fertilizer types and fertilization methods on the growth and yield of winter wheat

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.005

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 1075-1081.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.005

• Special volume for green, yield increasing, quality improving and eficiencyimproving technologies for major grain crops in Xinjiang • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of basal fertilizer types and fertilization methods on the growth and yield of winter wheat

ZHANG Yongqiang¹(), XU Qijiang¹, CHEN Chuanxin¹, MA Xin², ZHANG Humei², NIE Shihui¹, LEI Junjie¹()

1. Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,MOARA,Urumqi 830091,China
2. College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2022-10-10 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-22
Correspondence author: LEI Junjie (1972-), male, Gulang County, Gansu Province, doctor, researcher, research direction for crop yield cultivation,(E-mail)leijunjie@sohu.com
Supported by:
The Key R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02002);The Key R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02002-1);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960379);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51879267);"Tianshan Talents" Talent Training Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region;Earmarked Fund for CARS(CARS-3-88)

基肥种类与施肥方式对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响

张永强¹(), 徐其江¹, 陈传信¹, 马芯², 张虎梅², 聂石辉¹, 雷钧杰¹()

1.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

通讯作者: 雷钧杰(1972-),男,甘肃古浪县人,研究员,博士,研究方向为小麦高产栽培生理,(E-mail)leijunjie@sohu.com
作者简介:张永强(1988-),男,河南平舆人,副研究员,研究方向为作物高产优质栽培生理,(E-mail)zyq988@yeah.net
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2021B02002);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2021B02002-1);国家自然科学基金项目(31960379);国家自然科学基金项目(51879267);新疆维吾尔自治区"天山英才"人才培养项目;现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-03-88)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different basal fertilizers and fertilization methods on the growth and yield of winter wheat in southern Xinjiang.【Methods】 A two-factor split zone experiment design was adopted in the field of Xindong 60 from 2019 to 2020.Two fertilization methods were set: basal application (S₁), seed application (S₂) and two basal fertilizer types: diammonium phosphate (F₁) and methoxin (F₂).The effects of different treatments on plant traits, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation and yield of winter wheat were studied.【Results】 The results showed that compared with other treatments, plant height, SPAD value, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation, effective panicle number, grain yield and biomass of winter wheat were all better under F₂S₁ treatment.Compared with diammonium phosphate seed fertilizer (F₁S₂), plant height decreased, stem diameter increased, panicle length increased, and effective panicle number, grain yield and biomass of winter wheat were higher under mekoxin seed fertilizer (F₂S₂).【Conclusion】 It can be seen that methoxin is a kind of fertilizer that can promote high yield of wheat.If winter wheat is planted with seed and fertilizer, methoxin can be used as a reference for production.

Key words: winter wheat; basal fertilizer type; fertilization method; chlorophyll; production

摘要：

【目的】研究不同基肥及施肥方式对冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响,为新疆冬小麦基肥合理施用提供理论。【方法】2019~2020年度,在大田条件下,以新冬60号为材料,采用双因素裂区试验设计,设置2种施肥方式:种肥分离(S₁)、种肥同播(S₂)和2种基肥种类:磷酸二铵(F₁)、美可辛(F₂)共计4个处理,研究不同处理对冬小麦植株性状、叶片SPAD值、LAI、干物质积累及产量和产量构成的影响。【结果】美可辛种肥分离处理(F₂S₁)相较于其它处理,冬小麦株高、SPAD值、叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累及有效穗数和籽粒产量和生物量均表现较好;与磷酸二铵种肥同播(F₁S₂)相比,美可辛种肥同播(F₂S₂)下冬小麦的株高表现为降低、茎粗表现为增加、穗长表现为增长,且有效穗数、籽粒产量、生物量均表现较高。【结论】美可辛采用种肥同播方式有利于促进冬小麦增产。

关键词: 冬小麦, 基肥种类, 施肥方式, 叶绿素, 产量

CLC Number:

S512

ZHANG Yongqiang, XU Qijiang, CHEN Chuanxin, MA Xin, ZHANG Humei, NIE Shihui, LEI Junjie. Effects of basal fertilizer types and fertilization methods on the growth and yield of winter wheat[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(5): 1075-1081.

张永强, 徐其江, 陈传信, 马芯, 张虎梅, 聂石辉, 雷钧杰. 基肥种类与施肥方式对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1075-1081.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Effects of basal fertilizer types and fertilization methods on plant traits of winter wheat

Fig.2 Effects of basal fertilizer type and fertilization method on SPAD value of winter wheat leaves

Fig.3 Effects of basal fertilizer type and fertilization method on leaf area index LAI of winter wheat

Fig.4 Effects of base fertilizer type and fertilization method on dry matter accumulation of winter wheat

Tab.1 Effects of basal fertilizer types and fertilization methods on winter wheat yield and yield components

处理 Treatments	有效穗数 Number of productive ear (10⁴穗/hm²)	穗粒数 Number of Kernels per spike (粒/穗)	千粒重 1000-grain Weigh (g)	产量 Yield ( kg/hm²)	生物量 Total biomass ( kg/hm²)	收获指数 Harvest index
F₁S₁	665.00^aA	40.50^bA	42.01^aA	9 575.00^aAB	24 903.45^aA	0.384^bAB
F₁S₂	615.00^bB	42.00^aA	43.36^aA	9 000.00^bB	22 664.84^bB	0.397^aA
F₂S₁	710.00^aA	40.00^bA	41.81^aA	9 775.00^aA	26 562.50^aA	0.368^bB
F₂S₂	631.25^bB	42.52^aA	42.07^aA	9 175.00^bB	22 495.14^bB	0.408^aA

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Effects of basal fertilizer types and fertilization methods on the growth and yield of winter wheat

基肥种类与施肥方式对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响

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