Effects of Sowing Date and Sowing Rate on Yield and Quality of Angelica sinensis Seedlings and Medicines

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.06.026

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the appropriate sowing date and sowing amount of ripe seedling raising in Angelica sinensis producing areas by carrying out its seedling raising test in cultivated fields and comparative test of drug preparation stage.【Methods】 The experiment adopted the two-factor split zero group design by setting up different sowing dates and sowing amounts to cultivate seedlings in the cultivated fields of A.sinensis, and measured the morphological indices and calculated the survival rate, early-bolting rate, plant characteristics, yield and ferulic acid content after transplanting.【Results】 There were differences in the size, yield and survival rate after transplanting, early-bolting rate, morphological indexes, crude drug yield and ferulic acid content of A.sinensis seedlings.The root weight of A.sinensis seedlings in the first and second sowing date ranged from 0.45-0.63 g, which met the production requirements.In the second sowing date, the yield was 76.26% higher at 5 kg/667m² than that at 7 kg/667m²in the same sowing date and the early-bolting rate was 0.【Conclusion】 In the production area of A.sinensis, seedlings should be raised in cultivated fields in late June, the sowing amount controlled in the range of 5-6 kg/667m², and the seedling age controlled in 110 days, which might meet the production demand for the A.sinensis seedlings.

Key words: Angelica sinensis; seedling raising in cultivated fields; sowing date; seeding amount; medicine culture

摘要：

【目的】 比较研究当归熟地育苗试验及大田栽培试验,分析当归产区熟地育苗的适宜播期和播种量。【方法】 采用二因素随机区组设计,设置不同播期和播种量当归熟地育苗试验,测定当归种苗形态指标及产量,移栽后统计成活率、早期抽薹率、植株特征,采挖后测定药材产量及阿魏酸含量。【结果】 不同播期和播种量育成当归种苗在大小、产量及移栽后成活率、早期抽薹率、形态指标、药材产量及阿魏酸含量方面均有差异。第1、2播期所产当归种苗单根重在0.45~0.63 g,符合生产要求。第2播期5 kg/667m²的播种量下药材产量比同播期7 kg/667m²的高76.26%,且早期抽薹率为0。【结论】 熟地育苗应在6月下旬进行,播种量控制在5~6 kg/667m²,苗龄控制在110 d,可获得符合生产要求的当归种苗。

关键词: 当归, 熟地育苗, 播期, 播种量, 成药栽培

CLC Number:

S567.2

GE Hui, GUO Zengxiang, ZHAO Wanqian, WANG Huizhen, WANG Pan, LIU Dong, ZHAO Xin, DU Tao. Effects of Sowing Date and Sowing Rate on Yield and Quality of Angelica sinensis Seedlings and Medicines[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(6): 1537-1544.

葛慧, 郭增祥, 赵万千, 王惠珍, 王盼, 刘东, 赵鑫, 杜弢. 播期和播种量对当归熟地种苗及成药产量与质量影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(6): 1537-1544.

Figures/Tables 7

References 23

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地理信息 Geographic information	2018年育苗地 The breeding ground in 2018	2019年种苗移栽地 Transplant seedlings into the ground in 2019
经度 Altitude	E103°40'92″	E103°40'92″
纬度 Latitude	N35°26'14″	N35°26'14″
海拔 Altitude(m)	2 430	2 430
土壤温度范围 Soil temperature range(℃)	4.48~26.91	4.11~21.74
土壤平均温度 Mean soil temperature(℃)	15.83	14.02
土壤湿度范围 Soil moisture range(%)	19.57~30.46	6.35~37.65
土壤平均湿度 Mean soil moisture(%)	20.25	19.74

地理信息 Geographic information	2018年育苗地 The breeding ground in 2018	2019年种苗移栽地 Transplant seedlings into the ground in 2019
经度 Altitude	E103°40'92″	E103°40'92″
纬度 Latitude	N35°26'14″	N35°26'14″
海拔 Altitude(m)	2 430	2 430
土壤温度范围 Soil temperature range(℃)	4.48~26.91	4.11~21.74
土壤平均温度 Mean soil temperature(℃)	15.83	14.02
土壤湿度范围 Soil moisture range(%)	19.57~30.46	6.35~37.65
土壤平均湿度 Mean soil moisture(%)	20.25	19.74

处理 Treatment	全株重 Weight (g)	单根重 Single weight (g)	根长 Root length (cm)	根粗 Root diameter (mm)	侧根数 Lateral root (条)	种苗产量 Yield of Seedlings (kg/667m²)
T₁B₁	0.74±0.14^aA	0.63±0.09^aA	11.50±0.57^abAB	3.90±0.82^aABCD	0.5±0.50^a	49.98±20.34^aA
T₁B₂	0.66±0.10^aA	0.45±0.11^bA	12.11±0.30^abAB	3.65±0.57^abcABCD	0.1±0.23^a	60.19±21.86^aA
T₁B₃	0.61±0.02^aA	0.56±0.06^abA	11.54±0.13^abAB	3.74±0.32^abABCD	0.4±0.06^a	50.97±9.49^aA
T₂B₁	0.62±0.14^aA	0.52±0.13^abA	11.65±1.25^abAB	4.00±0.40^aABC	0.2±0.26^a	11.50±2.76^bB
T₂B₂	0.68±0.17^aA	0.51±0.09^abA	12.36±0.84^aA	4.06±0.09^aAB	0.2±0.23^a	11.37±4.31^bB
T₂B₃	0.76±0.19^aA	0.58±0.11^abA	12.22±1.04^aA	4.22±0.23^aA	0.4±0.64^a	12.97±4.02^bB
T₃B₁	0.29±0.04^bB	0.23±0.05^cB	11.27±0.33^abcAB	2.89±0.14^dD	0.3±0.46^a	2.02±1.50^bB
T₃B₂	0.30±0.07^bB	0.21±0.05^cB	10.13±0.75^cB	3.05±0.19^bcdBCD	0.3±0.42^a	1.88±1.81^bB
T₃B₃	0.30±0.01^bB	0.23±0.04^cB	10.76±0.48^bcAB	2.98±0.09^cdCD	0.1±0.17^a	2.73±1.54^bB

处理 Treatment	全株重 Weight (g)	单根重 Single weight (g)	根长 Root length (cm)	根粗 Root diameter (mm)	侧根数 Lateral root (条)	种苗产量 Yield of Seedlings (kg/667m²)
T₁B₁	0.74±0.14^aA	0.63±0.09^aA	11.50±0.57^abAB	3.90±0.82^aABCD	0.5±0.50^a	49.98±20.34^aA
T₁B₂	0.66±0.10^aA	0.45±0.11^bA	12.11±0.30^abAB	3.65±0.57^abcABCD	0.1±0.23^a	60.19±21.86^aA
T₁B₃	0.61±0.02^aA	0.56±0.06^abA	11.54±0.13^abAB	3.74±0.32^abABCD	0.4±0.06^a	50.97±9.49^aA
T₂B₁	0.62±0.14^aA	0.52±0.13^abA	11.65±1.25^abAB	4.00±0.40^aABC	0.2±0.26^a	11.50±2.76^bB
T₂B₂	0.68±0.17^aA	0.51±0.09^abA	12.36±0.84^aA	4.06±0.09^aAB	0.2±0.23^a	11.37±4.31^bB
T₂B₃	0.76±0.19^aA	0.58±0.11^abA	12.22±1.04^aA	4.22±0.23^aA	0.4±0.64^a	12.97±4.02^bB
T₃B₁	0.29±0.04^bB	0.23±0.05^cB	11.27±0.33^abcAB	2.89±0.14^dD	0.3±0.46^a	2.02±1.50^bB
T₃B₂	0.30±0.07^bB	0.21±0.05^cB	10.13±0.75^cB	3.05±0.19^bcdBCD	0.3±0.42^a	1.88±1.81^bB
T₃B₃	0.30±0.01^bB	0.23±0.04^cB	10.76±0.48^bcAB	2.98±0.09^cdCD	0.1±0.17^a	2.73±1.54^bB

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	株幅 Plant length (cm)	叶片数 Leaf number (个)	早期抽薹率 Earlier-bolting rate (%)
T₁B₁	30.73±2.08^abcA	63.47±12.90^a	8.33±3.72^a	4.77±0.52^aA
T₁B₂	27.20±1.00^bcA	56.47±3.92^a	8.13±5.52^a	0.00±0.00^cB
T₁B₃	30.53±3.72^abcA	63.20±7.98^a	7.47±3.86^a	1.76±1.53^bcAB
T₂B₁	30.93±3.26^abcA	55.60±4.16^a	6.20±0.69^a	0.00±0.00^cB
T₂B₂	32.67±3.33^abA	54.73±7.05^a	6.00±2.50^a	3.74±1.76^abA
T₂B₃	25.93±4.47^cA	53.20±2.46^a	7.73±0.12^a	3.34±3.50^abAB
T₃B₁	26.00±3.34^cA	56.13±4.56^a	8.87±7.64^a	0.00±0.00^cB
T₃B₂	32.60±2.09^abA	62.40±3.29^a	7.87±2.76^a	0.00±0.00^cB
T₃B₃	34.07±3.38^aA	59.20±5.20^a	7.53±1.45^a	0.00±0.00^cB