花期摘叶和摘萼片对库尔勒香梨维管束发育影响及与萼筒脱落的关系

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.09.011

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (9): 1662-1673.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.09.011

花期摘叶和摘萼片对库尔勒香梨维管束发育影响及与萼筒脱落的关系

金敏¹, 张倩¹, 任丹丹¹, 陈燕¹, 陶书田², 包建平^1,3,4, 吴翠云^1,3,4, 张锐^1,3,4

1.塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300;
2.南京农业大学园艺学院,南京 210095;
3.新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300;
4.南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2019-11-19 出版日期:2020-09-20 发布日期:2020-09-01
通信作者: 包建平(1977－),女,湖北黄冈人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail)baobao-xinjiang@126.com
作者简介:金敏(1995-),女,四川渠县人,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail)1439115309@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团重大科技专项(2017DB006);国家自然科学基金(31860528);兵团科技特派员项目(BT1720180011G);2019年新疆维吾尔自治区林果科技项目;塔里木大学大学生创新项目(2018077)

Effects of Picking Leaves and Sepals during Flower Season on the Vascular Bundle Development of Korla Pear and the Relationship with the Tube Detachments

JIN Min¹, ZHANG Qian¹, REN Dandan¹, CHEN Yan¹, TAO Shutian², BAO Jianping^{1, 3,4}, WU Cuiyun^{1, 3,4}, ZHANG Rui^{1, 3,4}

1. College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China;
2. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nangjing 210095,China;
3. Key Laboratory Biological Resources Conservation and Utilization in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim University,Aral Xinjiang 843300, China;
4. National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High-efficiency and Superior-quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2019-11-19 Online:2020-09-20 Published:2020-09-01
Correspondence author: Bao Jianping (1977-), female, from Huanggang, Hubei, associate professor, doctor Master guide, mainly engaged in fruit tree cultivation and physiological research,(E-mail) baobao-xinjiang@126.com
Supported by:
Supported by the Major R & D Project of XPCC (2017DB006);the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31860528); Science and Technology Commissioner Project of XPCC (BT1720180011G);2019 Forest Fruit Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; College Student Innovation Project of Tarim University (2018077)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究不同处理对不同序位果柄、胴部和萼筒维管束发育的影响及与萼筒脱落的关系,分析叶片和萼片对萼筒维管束发育影响的差异。【方法】 以杜梨为砧木的香梨为材料,在花序伸长期对库尔勒香梨进行摘叶与摘萼片处理,比较摘叶与摘萼片处理对不同序位香梨果实萼筒脱萼率与果实不同部位维管束数目和面积的影响。【结果】 摘叶使第1、2序位脱萼率降低,第3、4、5序位脱萼率增加;摘萼片处理使第1序位脱萼率降低,第2、3序位脱萼率增加,对第4、5序位影响较小。维管束数目和面积在不同序位间、果实不同部位间均存在差别,即随着花序伸长期进程推移,摘叶与摘萼片处理的第1、2序位维管束数目和面积均呈逐渐增加趋势,第3、4、5序位果柄、胴部、萼筒等部位的维管束数目和面积均呈先增加后减少的趋势。摘叶促进第4、5序位维管束数目与第5序位胴部维管束面积的增加;摘萼片促进第1序位至第5序位维管束数目与第1、2、3序位维管束面积的增加(除第2序位胴部维管束面积受到抑制)。【结论】 摘叶对梨果实维管束发育的抑制作用较大,增加果实萼筒脱萼率;而摘萼片处理促进后期维管束数目增长,对果柄维管束的发育有较高的促进作用,降低果实萼筒脱萼率。

关键词: 梨; 摘叶; 摘萼片; 维管束; 萼筒; 脱落

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different treatments on the development of vascular bundles of fruit stalks, ankles and sacs of Korla Fragrant pears, and the detachment of the stalks during the inflorescence elongation period in the hope of clarifying the differences in the effects of leaves and sepals on the development of vascular bundles.【Method】 The pears with Du pear as the rootstock were used as materials to compare the effects of leaf picking and sepal picking on the shedding rate of different order pear fruits and the number and area of vascular bundles in different parts of the fruit.【Results】 Compared with the control, the leaf shedding rate decreased the first and second order dislocation rates, and the third, fourth, and fifth order dislocation rates increased; the sepal excision treatment reduced the first and the second order dislocation rate, The 3rd position dislocation rate increased, and the influence on the 4th and 5th order was small. The number and area of vascular bundles of fragrant pears differed between different orders and different parts of the fruit. That was, as the inflorescence elongation process progressed, the number and area of vascular bundles of the first and the second orders treated by leaf picking and sepal picking all gradually increased the trend, the number and area of vascular bundles in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th positions of the stem, crotch, and sputum all increased first and then decreased. The results of this study showed that leaf picking promoted the number of vascular bundles in the 4th and 5th orders and the vascular bundle area in the 5th order; The number of vascular bundles in the first to 5th order was improved and the area of the vascular bundle in the first, the second and the third order was enlarged by the sepal picking. (except for that, the area of the vascular bundle in the second order was inhibited).【Conclusion】 Comprehensive comparison showed that leaf picking had a greater inhibitory effect on the vascular bundle development of pear fruits, thereby increasing the rate of fruit tuber detachment. However, the treatment of sepal picking promoted the increase of the number of vascular bundles in the later period and development of fruit stem vascular bundles, thus reducing the rate of fruit tuber shedding.

Key words: pear; leaf picking; sepal picking; vascular bundle; vascular bundle; detachment

中图分类号:

S661.2

金敏, 张倩, 任丹丹, 陈燕, 陶书田, 包建平, 吴翠云, 张锐. 花期摘叶和摘萼片对库尔勒香梨维管束发育影响及与萼筒脱落的关系[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(9): 1662-1673.

JIN Min, ZHANG Qian, REN Dandan, CHEN Yan, TAO Shutian, BAO Jianping, WU Cuiyun, ZHANG Rui. Effects of Picking Leaves and Sepals during Flower Season on the Vascular Bundle Development of Korla Pear and the Relationship with the Tube Detachments[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(9): 1662-1673.

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花期摘叶和摘萼片对库尔勒香梨维管束发育影响及与萼筒脱落的关系

Effects of Picking Leaves and Sepals during Flower Season on the Vascular Bundle Development of Korla Pear and the Relationship with the Tube Detachments

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