耐力运动对伊犁马血液生理指标的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.025

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 742-748.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.025

耐力运动对伊犁马血液生理指标的影响

常笑康¹(), 曾亚琦¹^,²^,³, 孟军¹^,²^,³, 王建文¹^,²^,³, 张亚昂¹, 李林玲¹, 邓海峰⁴, 郑文祥⁵, 姚新奎¹^,²^,³(), 周静¹

1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业大学马产业研究院,乌鲁木齐 830052
3.新疆马繁育与运动生理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052
4.新疆昭苏马场,新疆昭苏 835602
5.新疆维吾尔自治区地方国营伊犁种马场,新疆昭苏 835099

收稿日期:2023-08-17 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 姚新奎(1961-),男,新疆奎屯人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为马类科学,(E-mail)yxk61@126.com
作者简介:常笑康(1997-),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物生产学,(E-mail)1009037225@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02013-1);基地)建设专项(PT2220);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01B49)

Effect of endurance exercise on blood physiological indicators in the Yili horse

CHANG Xiaokang¹(), ZENG Yaqi¹^,²^,³, MENG jun¹^,²^,³, WANG Jianwen¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Yaang¹, LI Linling¹, DENG Haifeng⁴, ZHENG Wenxiang⁵, YAO Xinkui¹^,²^,³(), ZHOU Jing¹

1. College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
2. Horse Industry Research Institute,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Sports Physiology,Urumqi 830052,China
4. Xinjiang Zhaosu Horse Farm,Zhaosu Xinjing 835602,China
5. Local State Yili Stud Farm of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Zhaosu Xinjing 835099,China

Received:2023-08-17 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-19
Correspondence author: YAO Xinkui(1961-),male,from Kuitun,Xinjiang,Ph.D,research interests in equine science,(E-mail)yxk61@126.com
Supported by:
Major Science and Technology Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02013-1);Construction Special Project(Talent and Base) of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(PT2220);Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021D01B49)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究26 km耐力赛对成年伊犁马血液生理指标的影响,为耐力型伊犁马的培育和挑选提供数据支持。【方法】 从参加26 km长途耐力赛的207匹参赛马匹中选取成绩为前六名和后六名的12匹成年公马为研究对象,前六名定义为优秀组(N=6),后六名定义为普通组(N=6)。分别于26 km耐力赛赛前、赛后即刻检测血液中白细胞数目(WBC)、淋巴细胞数目(Lym)、单核细胞数目(Mon)、中性粒细胞数目(Neu)、淋巴细胞百分比(Lym%)、单核细胞百分比(Mon%)、中性粒细胞百分比(Neu%)、红细胞数目(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板数目(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT%)等15项血液生理指标,分析不同耐力性能伊犁马耐力赛前后血液生理指标的差异。【结果】 优秀组马匹在经过26 km耐力赛后,血液中Lym、Lym%和Mon%表现显著降低(P<0.05),而Neu%、RBC、HGB和HCT%则显著升高(P<0.05);普通组血液中WBC、Neu、Mon、Neu%和PCT%在比赛后呈显著升高(P<0.05),Lym、Lym%和Mon%则有显著的降低(P<0.05);赛后即刻优秀组血液中WBC、Neu、Mon显著低于普通组(P<0.05),而RBC、HGB和HCT%显著高于普通组(P<0.05)。【结论】 马匹在26 km耐力赛中优秀组马匹较普通组在比赛中机体对于运动负荷的损伤更小,有着更高的有氧能力和运动适应性。

关键词: 伊犁马; 耐力赛; 血液生理指标

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effect of 26 km endurance racing on the blood physiological indices of adult Yili horses in the hope of providng data to support the breeding and selection of endurance Yili horses in China.【Methods】 Twelve adult stallions were selected from the top six and bottom six of the 207 horses that participated in the 26 km long-distance endurance race,with the top six defined as the excellent group(N=6) and the bottom six as the average group(N=6).Blood tests were performed before and immediately after the 26 km endurance race for white blood cell count(WBC),lymphocyte count(Lym),monocyte count(Mon),neutrophil count(Neu),lymphocyte percentage(Lym%),monocyte percentage(Mon%),neutrophil percentage(Neu%),red blood cell count(RBC),haemoglobin concentration(HGB),erythrocyte specific volume(HCT),mean erythrocyte volume(MCV),mean erythrocyte haemoglobin content(MCH),mean erythrocyte haemoglobin concentration(MCHC),platelet count(PLT),platelet pressure volume(PCT%) and other 15 blood physiological indexes to analyse the differences in blood physiological indexes before and after the endurance race of Yili horses with different endurance performance.【Results】 The excellent group showed a significant decrease(P<0.05) in Lym,Lym% and Mon%,while Neu%,RBC,HGB and HCT% were significantly increased(P<0.05) after the 26 km endurance race; the ordinary group showed a significant increase(P<0.05) in WBC,Neu,Mon,Neu% and PCT%,while Lym,Lym% and Mon% were significantly increased(P<0.05) after the race.The WBC,Neu,Mon,Neu% and PCT% in the blood of the general group were significantly higher(P<0.05),while the Lym,Lym% and Mon% were significantly lower(P<0.05); the WBC,Neu,Mon in the blood of the excellent group were significantly lower(P<0.05),while the RBC,HGB and HCT% were significantly higher(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 The horses in the excellent group had less damage to the exercise load and higher aerobic capacity and exercise adaptability than those in the normal groups during the 26 km endurance race.

Key words: Yili horse; endurance racing; blood physiological parameters

中图分类号:

S821

常笑康, 曾亚琦, 孟军, 王建文, 张亚昂, 李林玲, 邓海峰, 郑文祥, 姚新奎, 周静. 耐力运动对伊犁马血液生理指标的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 742-748.

CHANG Xiaokang, ZENG Yaqi, MENG jun, WANG Jianwen, ZHANG Yaang, LI Linling, DENG Haifeng, ZHENG Wenxiang, YAO Xinkui, ZHOU Jing. Effect of endurance exercise on blood physiological indicators in the Yili horse[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 742-748.

图/表 4

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血常规指标 Blood routine indexes	优秀组 Excellent group	普通组 Ordinary group
白细胞数目 WBC(10⁹/L)	9.09±1.25	10.91±1.87
中性粒细胞数目 Neu(10⁹/L)	4.99±1.10	6.39±1.75
淋巴细胞数目 Lym(10⁹/L)	3.56±0.92	3.88±0.67
单核细胞数目 Mon(10⁹/L)	0.26±0.10	0.23±0.05
中性粒细胞百分比 Neu(%)	54.82±9.15	57.92±8.18
淋巴细胞百分比 Lym(%)	39.12±8.46	36.08±6.67
单核细胞百分比 Mon(%)	2.95±1.23	2.20±0.35
红细胞数目 RBC(10¹²/L)	8.55±1.34	8.53±0.83
血红蛋白浓度 HGB(g/L)	121.67±24.20	131.40±12.82
红细胞比容 HCT(%)	38.23±4.75	39.72±3.50
平均红细胞体积 MCV(fL)	45.02±2.01	46.60±2.00
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH(pg)	14.40±2.59	15.38±1.76
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC(g/L)	319.17±51.36	332.00±34.50
血小板数目 PLT(10⁹/L)	92.67±52.65	116.67±60.20
血小板压积 PCT(%)	0.06±0.04	0.08±0.04

血常规指标 Blood routine indexes	优秀组 Excellent group	普通组 Ordinary group
白细胞数目 WBC(10⁹/L)	9.09±1.25	10.91±1.87
中性粒细胞数目 Neu(10⁹/L)	4.99±1.10	6.39±1.75
淋巴细胞数目 Lym(10⁹/L)	3.56±0.92	3.88±0.67
单核细胞数目 Mon(10⁹/L)	0.26±0.10	0.23±0.05
中性粒细胞百分比 Neu(%)	54.82±9.15	57.92±8.18
淋巴细胞百分比 Lym(%)	39.12±8.46	36.08±6.67
单核细胞百分比 Mon(%)	2.95±1.23	2.20±0.35
红细胞数目 RBC(10¹²/L)	8.55±1.34	8.53±0.83
血红蛋白浓度 HGB(g/L)	121.67±24.20	131.40±12.82
红细胞比容 HCT(%)	38.23±4.75	39.72±3.50
平均红细胞体积 MCV(fL)	45.02±2.01	46.60±2.00
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH(pg)	14.40±2.59	15.38±1.76
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC(g/L)	319.17±51.36	332.00±34.50
血小板数目 PLT(10⁹/L)	92.67±52.65	116.67±60.20
血小板压积 PCT(%)	0.06±0.04	0.08±0.04

血常规指标 Blood routine indexes	赛前 Before the race	赛后即刻 Finish immediately
白细胞数目 WBC(10⁹/L)	9.09±1.25	10.24±2.18
中性粒细胞数目 Neu(10⁹/L)	4.99±1.10	7.66±2.45
淋巴细胞数目 Lym(10⁹/L)	3.56±0.92^*	2.25±0.76
单核细胞数目 Mon(10⁹/L)	0.26±0.10	0.17±0.08
中性粒细胞百分比Neu(%)	54.82±9.15	73.43±12.14^*
淋巴细胞百分比 Lym(%)	39.12±8.46^*	23.38±12.38
单核细胞百分比 Mon(%)	2.95±1.23^*	1.65±0.48
红细胞数目 RBC(10¹²/L)	8.55±1.34	11.57±1.69^*
血红蛋白浓度 HGB(g/L)	121.67±24.20	188.00±28.71^*
红细胞比容 HCT(%)	38.23±4.75	52.55±6.81^*
平均红细胞体积 MCV(fL)	45.02±2.01	45.60±2.62
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH(pg)	14.40±2.59	16.27±0.78
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC(g/L)	319.17±51.36	357.00±9.86
血小板数目 PLT(10⁹/L)	92.67±52.65	103.33±38.35
血小板压积 PCT(%)	0.06±0.04	0.07±0.03

血常规指标 Blood routine indexes	赛前 Before the race	赛后即刻 Finish immediately
白细胞数目 WBC(10⁹/L)	9.09±1.25	10.24±2.18
中性粒细胞数目 Neu(10⁹/L)	4.99±1.10	7.66±2.45
淋巴细胞数目 Lym(10⁹/L)	3.56±0.92^*	2.25±0.76
单核细胞数目 Mon(10⁹/L)	0.26±0.10	0.17±0.08
中性粒细胞百分比Neu(%)	54.82±9.15	73.43±12.14^*
淋巴细胞百分比 Lym(%)	39.12±8.46^*	23.38±12.38
单核细胞百分比 Mon(%)	2.95±1.23^*	1.65±0.48
红细胞数目 RBC(10¹²/L)	8.55±1.34	11.57±1.69^*
血红蛋白浓度 HGB(g/L)	121.67±24.20	188.00±28.71^*
红细胞比容 HCT(%)	38.23±4.75	52.55±6.81^*
平均红细胞体积 MCV(fL)	45.02±2.01	45.60±2.62
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH(pg)	14.40±2.59	16.27±0.78
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC(g/L)	319.17±51.36	357.00±9.86
血小板数目 PLT(10⁹/L)	92.67±52.65	103.33±38.35
血小板压积 PCT(%)	0.06±0.04	0.07±0.03

血常规指标 Blood routine indexes	赛前 Before the race	赛后即刻 Finish immediately
白细胞数目 WBC(10⁹/L)	10.91±1.87	16.72±5.84^*
中性粒细胞数目 Neu(10⁹/L)	6.39±1.75	14.12±5.38^*
淋巴细胞数目 Lym(10⁹/L)	3.88±0.67^*	2.17±0.43
单核细胞数目 Mon(10⁹/L)	0.23±0.05	0.27±0.06^*
中性粒细胞百分比 Neu(%)	57.92±8.18	83.67±3.19^*
淋巴细胞百分比 Lym(%)	36.08±6.67^*	13.65±2.80
单核细胞百分比 Mon(%)	2.20±0.35^*	1.77±0.46
红细胞数目 RBC(10¹²/L)	8.53±0.83	8.72±2.10
血红蛋白浓度 HGB(g/L)	131.40±12.82	144.33±27.96
红细胞比容 HCT(%)	39.72±3.50	39.97±7.65
平均红细胞体积 MCV(fL)	46.60±2.00	46.37±2.71
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH(pg)	15.38±1.76	16.70±0.94
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC(g/L)	332.00±34.50	360.50±7.56
血小板数目 PLT(10⁹/L)	116.67±60.20	163.67±60.10
血小板压积 PCT(%)	0.08±0.04	0.10±0.04^*

耐力运动对伊犁马血液生理指标的影响

Effect of endurance exercise on blood physiological indicators in the Yili horse

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