玉黄金对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.008

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (10): 2402-2410.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.008

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

玉黄金对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响

武敏桦(), 武佳颖, 俞新华, 张凯旋, 卢海博, 赵海超, 刘子刚, 黄智鸿()

河北北方学院/河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室,张家口 075000

收稿日期:2021-12-02 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-12-21
通信作者: 黄智鸿
作者简介:武敏桦(1994-),女,河北张家口人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物高产栽培,(E-mail)206304575@qq.com
基金资助:
河北省现代农业产业技术体系 (玉米体系岗位专家)(HBCT2018020203);河北省科技支撑重点研发项目(18226334D);张家口市科学技术局项目(1911012C);冀北旱作区农田土壤碳-水耦合机制研究(ZD2019097)

Effects of Yuhuangjin on Microstructure and Bending Strength of Spring Maize Stem

WU Minhua(), WU Jiaying, YU Xinhua, ZHANG Kaixuan, LU Haibo, ZHAO Haichao, LIU Zigang, HUANG Zhihong()

Hebei North University / Hebei Key Laboratory of Agnicultural Products and Food Quality and Safety Analysis and Testing, Zhangjiakou 075000 China

Received:2021-12-02 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-12-21
Correspondence author: HUANG Zhihong
Supported by:
Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Hebei Province(HBCT2018020203);Science and Technology to Support Key Research and Development Project of Hebei Province(18226334D);Zhangjiakou Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology Project(1911012C);Study on Carbon-Water Coupled Mechanism in Northern Hebei(ZD2019097)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究化控剂(30%胺鲜酯·乙烯利水剂以下称玉黄金)对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响。【方法】选取京农科728和金农738为材料,测定不同种植密度下喷施玉黄金后春玉米茎秆抗折强度,利用光学显微镜观察其茎节的显微结构,对维管束各项显微结构与茎秆抗折强度进行相关分析及通径分析。【结果】维管束数目对茎秆抗折强度的直接影响最大,且呈极显著负相关为-0.760;与木质部面积呈极显著正相关为0.970;与单个维管束平均面积、维管束最大直径和表皮细胞厚呈显著正相关分别为0.661、0.659和0.632。【结论】京农科728和金农738在不同种植密度下,喷施浓度为200 mg/L的玉黄金后茎秆单位面积内维管束数目减少、表皮厚度增厚、维管束最大直径最大、抗折强度提高,抗倒性增强。

关键词: 春玉米; 化控剂; 种植密度; 显微结构; 穿刺强度; 相关性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of chemical control agent Yuhuangjin (30% prochloraz and ethephon ) on microstructure and flexural strength of spring maize stem.【Method】 Jingnongke 728 and Jinnong 738 were taken as experimental materials, the stem bending strength, the microstructure of stem and the correlation and path analysis between the microstructure of vascular bundle and the bending strength of stem were carried out.【Results】 The results showed that: the number of vascular bundles has the most direct influence on the bending strength of stem, there was an extremely significant negative correlation is -0.760; there was an extremely significant positive correlattion with xylem area, which is 0.970; it was positively correlated with the average area of single vascular bundle, the maximum diameter of vascular bundle and the thickness of epidermal cells 0.661, 0.659 and 0.632 respectively. 【Conclusion】 The number of vascular bundles of Jingnongke 728 and Jinnong 738 decreases per unit area at different planting densities after spraying 200 mg/L Yuhuangjin, but the thickness of epidermis increases, the maximum diameter of vascular bundle is the largest, the bending strength is improved, and the lodging resistance is enhanced.

Key words: spring corn; chemical control agent; planting density; microstructure; puncture intensity; correlation analysis

中图分类号:

S513

武敏桦, 武佳颖, 俞新华, 张凯旋, 卢海博, 赵海超, 刘子刚, 黄智鸿. 玉黄金对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2402-2410.

WU Minhua, WU Jiaying, YU Xinhua, ZHANG Kaixuan, LU Haibo, ZHAO Haichao, LIU Zigang, HUANG Zhihong. Effects of Yuhuangjin on Microstructure and Bending Strength of Spring Maize Stem[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2402-2410.

图/表 8

参考文献 36

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土层 Soil layer (cm)	氨氮 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/kg)	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/kg)	溶解性无机磷 Soluble inorganic phosphorus(mg/kg)	总磷 Total phosphorus (mg/kg)	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	容重 Bulk density (g/cm³)
0~20	8.56	0.71	0.97	0.65	17.61	0.82
20~40	7.57	0.68	0.95	0.48	19.81	0.83

土层 Soil layer (cm)	氨氮 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/kg)	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/kg)	溶解性无机磷 Soluble inorganic phosphorus(mg/kg)	总磷 Total phosphorus (mg/kg)	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	容重 Bulk density (g/cm³)
0~20	8.56	0.71	0.97	0.65	17.61	0.82
20~40	7.57	0.68	0.95	0.48	19.81	0.83

处理Handle	N(个)	S_max(μm²)	S_min(μm²)	S_mean(μm²)	R_max(μm)	S_x(μm²)	S_b(μm²)	E(μm)
P₁M₁T₁	30±0.1^h	37 285±27^e	6 581±101^c	21 933±26^e	186±23^c	14 190±26^c	23 095±79^e	72±0.3^d
P₁M₁T₂	37±0.2^bc	22 036±82ⁱ	4 422±32ⁱ	13 229±103ⁱ	166±11^f	8 189±34ⁱ	13 847±29ⁱ	62±1.7^f
P₂M₁T₁	32±0.1^g	30 307±37^f	5 613±23^e	17 960±58^f	186±10^c	13 684±57^d	16 623±111^h	69±1.1e
P₂M₁T₂	36±0.1^cd	18 756±103^l	3 797±38^k	11 277±37^k	149±12ⁱ	6 833±22^k	11 923±102^l	60±0.1^g
P₁M₂T₁	26±0.1^j	67 523±56^a	23 053±12^a	45 288±24^a	200±17^a	16 734±99^a	50 789±69^a	159±10^a
P₁M₂T₂	35±0.2^de	57 841±131^c	5717±17^d	31 779±36^c	168±22^e	8 472±23^g	49 369±105^b	77±1.5c
P₂M₂T₁	28±0.3ⁱ	60 173±113^b	7 374±23^b	33 773±105^b	194±11^b	15 887±130^b	44 286±101^c	150±13^b
P₂M₂T₂	38±0.4^b	50 633±34^d	4 698±32^g	27 666±112^d	166±13^f	8 211±112^h	42 422±204^d	63±11^f
P₁M₃T₁	34±0.3^ef	30 063±46^g	4 606±34^h	17 334±88^g	172±19^d	10 310±110^e	19 753±201^f	58±1.3^h
P₁M₃T₂	33±0.2^fg	19 160±33^j	3 976±15^j	11 568±97^j	163±12^g	6 881±103^j	12 279±118^h	30±1.9ⁱ
P₂M₃T₁	29±0.1^hi	26 759±19^h	5 555±54^f	16 157±19^h	169±11^e	9 264±15^f	17 495±77^g	57±0.1^h
P₂M₃T₂	42±0.1^a	19 035±23^k	3 249±16^l	11 142±59^l	154±13^h	6 698±89^l	12 337±89^j	29±0.1ⁱ
平均值 Average value	33	36 631	6 554	21 592	173	10 446	26 185	74
标准差 Standard deviation	2.50	20 506.52	1 698.87	2.50	11 102.69	15.48	4 503.09	16 003.43
变异系数(%) Coefficient of variation	7.50	55.98	25.92	7.50	51.42	8.96	43.11	61.12
T₁平均值 T₁ Average value	30	42 018	8797	25 408	185	13 345	28 674	94
T₂平均值 T₂ Average value	37	31 243	4 310	17 777	161	7 540	23 696	54

处理Handle	N(个)	S_max(μm²)	S_min(μm²)	S_mean(μm²)	R_max(μm)	S_x(μm²)	S_b(μm²)	E(μm)
P₁M₁T₁	30±0.1^h	37 285±27^e	6 581±101^c	21 933±26^e	186±23^c	14 190±26^c	23 095±79^e	72±0.3^d
P₁M₁T₂	37±0.2^bc	22 036±82ⁱ	4 422±32ⁱ	13 229±103ⁱ	166±11^f	8 189±34ⁱ	13 847±29ⁱ	62±1.7^f
P₂M₁T₁	32±0.1^g	30 307±37^f	5 613±23^e	17 960±58^f	186±10^c	13 684±57^d	16 623±111^h	69±1.1e
P₂M₁T₂	36±0.1^cd	18 756±103^l	3 797±38^k	11 277±37^k	149±12ⁱ	6 833±22^k	11 923±102^l	60±0.1^g
P₁M₂T₁	26±0.1^j	67 523±56^a	23 053±12^a	45 288±24^a	200±17^a	16 734±99^a	50 789±69^a	159±10^a
P₁M₂T₂	35±0.2^de	57 841±131^c	5717±17^d	31 779±36^c	168±22^e	8 472±23^g	49 369±105^b	77±1.5c
P₂M₂T₁	28±0.3ⁱ	60 173±113^b	7 374±23^b	33 773±105^b	194±11^b	15 887±130^b	44 286±101^c	150±13^b
P₂M₂T₂	38±0.4^b	50 633±34^d	4 698±32^g	27 666±112^d	166±13^f	8 211±112^h	42 422±204^d	63±11^f
P₁M₃T₁	34±0.3^ef	30 063±46^g	4 606±34^h	17 334±88^g	172±19^d	10 310±110^e	19 753±201^f	58±1.3^h
P₁M₃T₂	33±0.2^fg	19 160±33^j	3 976±15^j	11 568±97^j	163±12^g	6 881±103^j	12 279±118^h	30±1.9ⁱ
P₂M₃T₁	29±0.1^hi	26 759±19^h	5 555±54^f	16 157±19^h	169±11^e	9 264±15^f	17 495±77^g	57±0.1^h
P₂M₃T₂	42±0.1^a	19 035±23^k	3 249±16^l	11 142±59^l	154±13^h	6 698±89^l	12 337±89^j	29±0.1ⁱ
平均值 Average value	33	36 631	6 554	21 592	173	10 446	26 185	74
标准差 Standard deviation	2.50	20 506.52	1 698.87	2.50	11 102.69	15.48	4 503.09	16 003.43
变异系数(%) Coefficient of variation	7.50	55.98	25.92	7.50	51.42	8.96	43.11	61.12
T₁平均值 T₁ Average value	30	42 018	8797	25 408	185	13 345	28 674	94
T₂平均值 T₂ Average value	37	31 243	4 310	17 777	161	7 540	23 696	54

处理Handle	吐丝期 Tasseling		花后16 d 16 days after pollination		花后32 d 32 days after pollination
处理Handle	茎秆穿刺强度 Puncture strength	茎秆压碎强度 Crushing strength	茎秆穿刺强度 Puncture strength	茎秆压碎强度 Crushing strength	茎秆穿刺强度 Puncture strength	茎秆压碎强度 Crushing strength
P₁M₁T₁	28.45±2.13^c	223.93±8.21^c	50.95±14.71^c	331.55±10.05^d	36.17±15.31^cd	347.32±49.63^e
P₁M₁T₂	20.35±12.31^f	193.53±17.20^h	38.88±11.23^g	316.23±21.37^h	34.00±10.07^efg	246.55±51.01^k
P₂M₁T₁	25.10±7.61^d	216.98±51.37^d	56.75±21.03^b	345.83±16.35^b	44.33±22.01^a	435.57±20.09^a
P₂M₁T₂	19.45±10.31^f	189.93±12.31ⁱ	36.45±20.30^h	307.75±56.37ⁱ	33.50±9.34^fg	427.48±83.51^b
P₁M₂T₁	36.43±4.10^a	237.90±47.51^a	59.03±10.01^a	378.13±27.31^a	38.23±14.01^b	367.23±15.37^c
P₁M₂T₂	20.35±2.31^f	200.58±13.01^j	45.55±21.03^e	321.90±67.01^g	34.40±15.36^def	296.37±67.21^h
P₂M₂T₁	34.13±9.31^b	231.18±42.51^b	57.45±9.31^ab	337.20±23.79^c	37.37±8.37^bc	350.47±46.88^d
P₂M₂T₂	22.23±1.21^e	187.58±12.41^j	42.53±7.34^f	326.45±15.1^f	31.70±10.02^hi	256.93±11.32ⁱ
P₁M₃T₁	24.18±1.11^d	203.05±32.417^f	49.00±21.01^d	336.25±16.30^c	32.57±11.31^gh	341.62±57.30^f
P₁M₃T₂	19.10±0.23^f	180.00±13.71^k	35.55±1.21^hi	296.83±32.71^j	30.70±10.21^ij	249.52±49.31^j
P₂M₃T₁	20.65±3.01^ef	207.18±31.01^e	46.93±21.03^e	329.78±24.30^e	35.50±11.07^de	334.15±63.27^g
P₂M₃T₂	17.25±1.21^g	170.13±10.08^l	34.20±2.31ⁱ	291.35±11.34^k	29.17±2.01^j	239.72±45.67^l
T₁平均值 T₁ Average value	28.15	220.03	53.35	343.12	37.37	362.73
T₂平均值 T₂ Average value	19.78	186.97	38.87	310.08	32.25	286.10

玉黄金对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响

Effects of Yuhuangjin on Microstructure and Bending Strength of Spring Maize Stem

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Metrics

项目Item	N(个)	S_max(mm²)	S_min(mm²)	S_mean(mm²)	R_max(mm)	S_x(mm²)	S_b(mm²)	E(mm)
穿刺强度 Puncture strength	-0.760^**	0.661^*	0.657^*	0.703^*	0.951^**	0.970^**	0.524	0.829^**
压碎强度 Crushing strength	-0.672^*	0.385	0.520	0.443	0.659^*	0.759^**	0.260	0.632^*

项目Item	N	S_min	R_max	S_x	S_b	E
压碎强度直接系数 SCS Direct coefficient	-14.848	0.003	13.694	0.084	0.004	0.754
穿刺强度直接系数 RPR Direct coefficient	-0.614	0.001	0.046	0.005	0.003	0.029

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