干旱荒漠绿洲区不同土地利用方式对土壤易氧化及溶解性有机碳的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究新疆干旱荒漠绿洲区农田改建为果园或果农间作园后对土壤总有机碳、易氧化及溶解性有机碳的影响。【方法】 在阿克苏地区采集小麦地、枣园及枣麦间作园土壤,测定其总有机碳、易氧化及溶解性有机碳含量。【结果】 在0~100 cm土壤剖面上,不同土地利用方式下土壤总有机碳含量的平均值表现为枣园 > 枣麦间作 >小麦,土壤易氧化及溶解性有机碳含量表现为枣麦间作 > 枣园 >小麦。农田改建为果园或果农间作园后,显著提高了土壤总有机碳、易氧化及溶解性有机碳含量(P< 0.05)。易氧化及溶解性有机碳的分配比例则表现为由农田更替为果园后,降低了各土层易氧化有机碳分配比例。农田更替为果农间作园后,降低了0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层的易氧化有机碳分配比例,其余土层表现为增加。溶解性有机碳分配比例大致随土层深度增加呈先减少后增加的变化趋势。不同土地利用方式下,农田、果园和果农间作园的土壤易氧化有机碳、溶解性有机碳含量均与土壤总有机碳含量显著正相关(P< 0.05)。【结论】 新疆干旱荒漠绿洲区农田转化为果园提高了土壤有机碳的稳定性,促进了土壤有机碳的积累,农田转化为果农间作园仅提高了表层0~20 cm土层有机碳的稳定性。

关键词: 土地利用方式; 土壤易氧化有机碳; 土壤溶解性有机碳; 果园; 果农间作园

Abstract:

【Objective】 To exolore the effects of the conversion of farmland to orchard or agroforestry on soil total organic carbon (TOC), liable organic carbon (LOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in typical arid desert oasis area. 【Method】 In Aksu area, the soils of wheat, jujube orchard and jujube-wheat intercropping were collected to determine the soil TOC, LOC and DOC content. 【Result】 In the 0-100 cm soil layer, the means of soil TOC content under different land use patterns were shown as follows: Jujube orchard > Jujube-wheat intercropping > wheat, while the soil LOC and DOC content were shown as follows: Jujube-wheat intercropping > Jujube orchard > wheat. After the conversion from farmland to jujube orchard or jujube-wheat intercropping, the soil TOC, LOC and DOC content were all increased significantly (P<0.05). The distribution ratios of LOC and DOC were shown as: The distribution ratio of LOC in each soil layer was reduced after the change from farmland to jujube orchard. After the conversion from farmland to jujube-wheat intercropping, the distribution ratio of LOC in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers were reduced, while the remaining soil layers were increased. However, the distribution ratio of DOC exhibit an initial decrease followed by an increase with an increase of the soil depth. Correlation analysis showed that the LOC and DOC content of the wheat, jujube orchard and jujube-wheat intercropping had a significant positive correlation with soil TOC content under different land use patterns (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 It is found that the conversion of farmland to orchard improved the stability of soil organic carbon and promoted the accumulation of soil organic carbon, while the conversion from farmland to jujube-wheat intercropping only improved the stability of soil organic carbon in the 0-20 cm soil layer.

Key words: land use pattern; liable organic carbon; dissolved organic carbon; orchard; agroforestry

中图分类号:

S750
S158

王卫霞, 阿丽娅·阿力木, 杨光, 王振锡. 干旱荒漠绿洲区不同土地利用方式对土壤易氧化及溶解性有机碳的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 441-450.

WANG Weixia, Aliya Alimu, YANG Guang, WANG Zhenxi. Effects of Land Use Patterns on Soil Liable Organic Carbon and Dissolved Organic Carbon in Typical Arid Desert Oasis Area[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2): 441-450.

图/表 6

表1 不同土地利用方式下0~100 cm土壤剖面总有机碳含量平均值

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of total organic carbon content of 0-100 cm under different land use types

土地利用方式 Land use types	最小值 Minimum (g/kg)	最大值 Maximum (g/kg)	平均值 Mean (g/kg)	标准差 Std.Deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation(%)
小麦 Wheat	0.74	5.85	3.83±0.38^A	1.73	45
枣园 Jujube	2.2	11.2	6.02±0.65^B	2.98	50
枣麦间作 Jujube-Wheat intercropping	1.87	10.85	5.66±0.69^B	3.14	56
总体 Total	0.74	11.2	5.17±0.36	2.82	55

表2 土壤有机碳含量及各活性有机碳组分的分配比例

Table 2 Soil organic carbon content and distribution ratio of active organic carbon components

土地利用方式 Land use types	土壤深度 Soil depth(cm)	土壤总有机碳 TOC (g/kg)	有机碳组分占有机碳的比例(%)
土地利用方式 Land use types	土壤深度 Soil depth(cm)	土壤总有机碳 TOC (g/kg)	LOC /TOC	DOC/TOC
	0~10	5.74±0.09^Aa	28.23	5.75
	10~20	5.4±0.11^Aa	21.62	4.28
小麦	20~30	4.95±0.08^Aab	17.53	3.72
Wheat	30~40	3.76±0.66^Abc	19.78	5.20
	40~60	3.26±0.77^Acd	14.18	6.85
	60~80	2.13±0.73^Ade	14.26	7.08
	80~100	1.48±0.52^Ac	13.18	9.06
	0~10	9.56±1.40^Ba	22.26	4.63
	10~20	8.88±1.21^Ba	21.22	4.08
枣园	20~30	7.97±1.22^Bab	15.84	4.25
Jujube	30~40	5.26±1.23^Abc	18.07	5.69
	40~60	4.14±0.67^Ac	16.50	7.04
	60~80	3.36±0.44^Ac	12.74	6.47
	80~100	2.99±0.47^Bc	8.43	6.83
	0~10	10.59±0.19^Ba	20.30	5.59
	10~20	8.76±0.82^Bb	20.25	4.69
枣麦间作	20~30	7.03±0.88^Bc	21.52	5.33
Jujube~Wheat intercropping	30~40	4.68±0.33^Ad	22.49	6.58
	40~60	3.73±0.66^Ade	22.00	6.94
	60~80	2.58±0.31^Ae	17.04	9.65
	80~100	2.28±0.27^ABe	13.85	7.98

图1 不同土地利用方式下土壤易氧化和非活性有机碳含量的分布特征注:同列数据后不同小写字母表示同一土层不同土地利用方式之间差异显著(P<0.05),下同

Fig.1 Distribution characteristics of liable organic carbon and non-liable organic carbon content under different land use types Notes: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate that the difference in different land use types is significant (P<0.05),the same as below

图2 不同土地利用方式下土壤溶解性有机碳含量的分布特征

Fig.2 Distribution characteristics of dissolved organic carbon content under different land use types

图3 土壤易氧化和非活性有机碳与总有机碳相关关系

Fig.3 Relationship between the liable organic carbon, non- liable organic carbon and total organic carbon

图4 土壤溶解性有机碳与总有机碳相关关系

Fig.4 Relationship between the dissolved organic carbon and total organic carbon

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