氟啶虫胺腈对新疆棉田棉蚜及其天敌种群的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.11.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】评价氟啶虫胺腈对新疆棉区棉蚜的防治效果及天敌的安全性,为绿色防治棉蚜提供依据。【方法】采用室内毒力和田间药效试验方法,测定22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂(SC)对棉蚜的毒力与防治效果,评价其对棉蚜捕食性和寄生性天敌的影响。【结果】在室内,氟啶虫胺腈0.375 g/L浓度处理48 h后棉蚜校正死亡率为100.0%,0.250 g/L浓度处理为93.3%,而0.2 g/L吡虫啉处理为84.4%。氟啶虫胺腈对多异瓢虫致死作用小,0.375和0.250 g/L处理48 h后校正死亡率均不足10%,显著低于吡虫啉0.2 g/L处理(45.7%)。2018年和2020年田间施药5 d后,氟啶虫胺腈15 mL/667m²处理(0.375 g/L)对棉蚜的校正防效在90%以上,10 mL/667m²处理(0.250 g/L)处理的防效也超过了85%,显著高于吡虫啉8 g/667m²(0.2 g/L)处理。氟啶虫胺腈15、10 mL/667m²浓度处理下棉蚜僵蚜率、捕食性天敌与棉蚜益害比,均显著高于吡虫啉。【结论】氟啶虫胺腈对新疆棉田棉蚜防效较好,对捕食性和寄生性天敌安全性较高,可推广应用。

关键词: 氟啶虫胺腈; 棉蚜; 天敌; 室内毒力; 田间防效; 选择性

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study aims to estimate control efficiency of sulfoxaflor on Aphis gossypii and safety of natural enemies in Xinjiang cotton field, which could provide basis of scientifically using this new pesticide and promoting environmental friendly control of cotton aphid in Xinjiang. 【Method】 Laboratory toxicity and field pesticide efficiency experiments were conducted to assess cotton aphid toxicity and control efficiency of 22% sulfoxaflor SC, and meanwhile, effect of sulfoxaflor on predators and parasitoids of cotton aphid were evaluated.【Result】 In laboratory, after 48 h conducting sulfoxaflor at concentrate of 0.375 and 0.250 g/L, cotton aphid corrected mortality rate was 100.0% and 93.3%, respectively, whereas 84.4% for imidacloprid of 0.2 g/L. Lethal effect of sulfoxaflor on ladybeetle (Hippodamia variegata) was little. Corrected mortality rates of ladybeetle were less than 10% after 48 h treatments of sulfoxaflor at concentrate of 0.375 and 0.250 g/L which were significantly less than imidacloprid at concentrate of 0.2 g/L treatment (45.7%). In field, after 5 days pesticide application in 2018 and 2020, cotton aphid correction control effect was above 90% with 15 mL/667m² (0.375 g/L) and 85% with 10 mL/667m² (0.250 g/L) of sulfoxaflor treatment, which was significantly higher than imidacloprid treatment with 8 g/667m² (0.2 g/L). Moreover, mummy aphid rate and the ratio of natural enemy to cotton aphid with sulfoxaflor at concentrate of 15 and 10 mL/667m² were both significantly higher than imidacloprid treatment.【Conclusion】 sulfoxaflor has a better control efficacy on cotton aphid in Xinjiang cotton field and higher safety to predators and parasitoids. So, it could be considered to widely spread and apply for cotton pest control.

Key words: sulfoxaflor; Aphis gossypii; natural enemies; laboratory toxicity; field efficacy; selection

中图分类号:

S435.61

李娜, 刘冰, 陆宴辉. 氟啶虫胺腈对新疆棉田棉蚜及其天敌种群的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(11): 2062-2068.

LI Na, LIU Bing, LU Yanhui. Effects of Sulfoxaflor on Aphis gossypii and Natural Enemies in Xinjiang Cotton Field[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(11): 2062-2068.

图/表 4

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处理 Treatment	48 h校正死亡率 Adjusted mortality rate after 48 h
处理 Treatment	蚜虫 A. gossypii	多异瓢虫 H. variegara
氟啶虫胺腈 0.375 g/L	100.0%±0.0%^a	7.8%±4.0%^b
氟啶虫胺腈 0.250 g/L	93.9%±3.3%^ab	7.8%±4.0%^b
吡虫啉 0.2 g/L	84.4%±3.5%^b	46.7%±8.8%^a

处理 Treatment	48 h校正死亡率 Adjusted mortality rate after 48 h
处理 Treatment	蚜虫 A. gossypii	多异瓢虫 H. variegara
氟啶虫胺腈 0.375 g/L	100.0%±0.0%^a	7.8%±4.0%^b
氟啶虫胺腈 0.250 g/L	93.9%±3.3%^ab	7.8%±4.0%^b
吡虫啉 0.2 g/L	84.4%±3.5%^b	46.7%±8.8%^a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	药后5 d 5 days after application
	氟啶虫胺腈 15 mL/667m²	96.1%±1.3%^a
2018	氟啶虫胺腈 10 mL/667m²	94.2%±1.5%^a
	吡虫啉 8 g/667m²	73.2%±6.1%^b
	氟啶虫胺腈 15 mL/667m²	90.1%±2.2%^a
2020	氟啶虫胺腈 10 mL/667m²	87.7%±2.4%^a
	吡虫啉 8 g/667m²	72.8%±3.4%^b

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	药后5 d 5 days after application
	氟啶虫胺腈 15 mL/667m²	96.1%±1.3%^a
2018	氟啶虫胺腈 10 mL/667m²	94.2%±1.5%^a
	吡虫啉 8 g/667m²	73.2%±6.1%^b
	氟啶虫胺腈 15 mL/667m²	90.1%±2.2%^a
2020	氟啶虫胺腈 10 mL/667m²	87.7%±2.4%^a
	吡虫啉 8 g/667m²	72.8%±3.4%^b

处理 Treatment	药前0 d 0 day before application	药后5 d 5 days after application	增长倍数 Growth times
氟啶虫胺腈15 mL/667m²	0.2%±0.0%^a	4.6%±0.9%^a	27.2±3.9^a
氟啶虫胺腈10 mL/667m²	0.2%±0.0%^a	4.2%±1.3%^a	21.8±5.9^a
吡虫啉8 g/667m²	0.1%±0.0%^a	1.2%±0.4%^b	8.1±1.0^b
清水(CK)	0.2%±0.0%^a	0.6%±0.1%^b	3.9±1.4^b