小尺度下醉马草生长动态与土壤养分的关系

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.06.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】醉马草(Achnatherum inebrians)是一种常见的有毒植物,研究异质生境对其生长的影响,为醉马草的生长适应机制和扩散预警提供依据。【方法】选取新疆天山北坡中段典型的醉马草蔓延扩散区的阴坡、阳坡、沟底3种小尺度异质生境,分析其生长动态特征与土壤养分关系。【结果】3个生境下醉马草的生长特征总体上均呈现先增后减的趋势,符合Logistic生长曲线,阴坡显著制约了5~6月株体增高(P<0.05),但对其他月份株高及各月株丛径和分蘖数影响不显著(P＞0.05);阴坡的土壤有机质、水解氮、速效钾含量显著高于沟底和阳坡(P<0.05),而沟底和阳坡之间则不存在显著差异(P＞0.05);醉马草株高与土壤养分只在4~6月存在显著负相关性(P＜0.05),即高的土壤养分含量会抑制醉马草的株高生长,其他生长特征均与土壤养分没有显著相关性(P＞0.05)。【结论】小尺度异质环境下,坡向可以影响醉马草分蘖和拔节期株高的生长和土壤养分含量的分配,但并不能最终改变年内醉马草的生长总趋势和强度。

关键词: 醉马草; 异质生境; 生长动态; 土壤养分

Abstract: 【Objective】 Soil nutrient resource is an important factor to determine the settlement of plants. The study of the effects of heterogeneous habitats on the growth of Achnatherum inebrians, the common poisonous plant can provide a basis for exploring its growth adaptation mechanism and diffusion early warning. 【Method】 In this study, three small scale heterogeneity habitats were selected from the typical spreading areas of the A. inebrians in the middle section of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, and the relationship between growth dynamics and soil nutrients was studied. 【Results】 The growth characteristics of A. inebrians in the three habitats showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. which was consistent with Logistic growth curve. The slope direction had a significant effect on the plant height from May to June (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on plant height, plant diameter and tiller number in other months (P> 0.05); Soil nutrient contents of organic matter, hydrolysable nitrogen, and available potassium in shady slope were significantly higher than those in the bottom and the sunny slope (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between gully bottom and sunny slope (P> 0.05); only the plant height of A. inebrians from April to June had significant correlation with soil nutrients (P<0.05), that was, the high soil nutrient content inhibited the growth of the plant height of A. inebrians and the other growth characteristics had no significant correlation with the soil nutrient (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, under the small scale heterogeneity environment, the slope direction could affect the growth of plant height and soil nutrient content in tiller and jointing stage, but it could not change the general trend and intensity of growth in the year.

Key words: Achnatherum inebrians; heterogeneous habitat; growth dynamics; soil nutrients

中图分类号:

S812

岳永寰, 靳瑰丽, 宫珂, 韩万强, 王惠宁, 董莉莉. 小尺度下醉马草生长动态与土壤养分的关系[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(6): 1142-1150.

YUE Yong-huan, JIN Gui-li, GONG Ke, HAN Wan-qiang, WANG Hui-ning, Dong Li-li. Study on the Relationship between the Growth Dynamics and Soil Nutrients of Achnatherum inebrians on a Small-scale[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(6): 1142-1150.

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