Morphological Comparison of Fiber Development in Different Upland Cotton Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To understand the morphological changes of fiber development in different upland cotton varieties, and compare the morphological differences in important stages of fiber development. 【Methods】 Xinluzhong 82, Xinluzhong 70, Xinluzhong 38 and 15-1242 were taken as materials to observe the ovules of the fibers from the day before flowering to the day after flowering, the fibers of 21 days and 28 days of development, and mature fiber. 【Results】 It can be seen from the observation of ovules that, with the increase of flowering time, the number of protuberances or elongation of ovules epidermal cells gradually increases, and the number of protuberances on the day of flowering is 5,900-7,800 per square millimeter, and the number of protuberances in the middle boll is the largest, which is more than 7,000 per square millimeter. The number of elongation in the day after flowering ranged from 3,000 to 6,400 per square millimeter, with the largest number of elongation in the middle boll, above 5,000 per square millimeter; the 21-day and 28-day fibers show a short growth period Varieties with a longer growth period enter the fiber thickening period earlier, and the shorter the growth period, the greater the degree of fiber distortion during the same development period. The speed of entering the thickening period in different flowering periods is shown by the fibers that bloom on July 14. The fiber that blooms on July 21 is the earliest, and the fiber that blooms on July 21 is the latest; the twist and longitudinal lines of the middle section of the mature fiber are different in different blooming periods. The twist and depth of Xinluzhong 70 are the most obvious, and Xinluzhong 38 is the most obvious. Not obvious. 【Conclusion】 Based on the fiber development stage of different varieties, the fiber development process of the short growth period is faster.The fiber development process of the different flowering period is that the fiber development of the middle boll is faster than the lower and upper parts.In view of the distortion and depth of mature fibers, the differences in fiber morphology of different varieties and flowering stage may be one of the reasons for the differences in fiber quality.

Key words: upland cotton; fiber development; electron microscopic observation; morphological structure

摘要：

【目的】 研究不同陆地棉品种纤维发育形态学变化,比较棉纤维发育重要阶段的形态学差异。【方法】 以新陆中82号、新陆中70号、新陆中38号以及15-1242为材料,在扫描电镜观察纤维在开花前1 d至开花后1 d的胚珠、发育21和28 d的纤维以及成熟纤维。【结果】 随着开花时间的增加,胚珠表皮细胞的突起数量或伸长数量逐渐增加,开花当天的突起数量在5 900~7 800个/mm²,且中部棉铃的突起数量最多,在7 000个/mm²以上,开花后1 d的伸长数量在3 000~6 400个/mm²,中部棉铃的伸长数量最多,在5 000个/mm²以上;发育21和28 d的纤维表现为生育期短的品种比生育期长的品种早进入纤维加厚期,且生育期越短,在同一发育时期纤维的扭曲程度越大,不同开花期进入加厚期的快慢表现为7月14日开花的纤维最早,7月21日开花的纤维最晚;成熟纤维的中段纤维的扭曲和纵纹在不同开花期均有差异,新陆中70号的扭曲和纵深程度表现最明显,新陆中38号最不明显。【结论】 生育期短的棉花品种纤维发育进程快,不同开花期纤维发育进程表现为中部棉铃纤维发育快于下部和上部,结合成熟纤维的扭曲和纵深程度来看,不同品种和开花期纤维形态学上发育的快慢差异可能是纤维品质间存在差异的原因之一。

关键词: 陆地棉, 纤维发育, 电镜观察, 形态结构

CLC Number:

S562

MAO Tingyong, KONG Jie, HU Shoulin, ZHANG Wei, CHEN Jialin, LI Yanfang, WAN Sumei, CHEN Guodong. Morphological Comparison of Fiber Development in Different Upland Cotton Varieties in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2): 279-290.

毛廷勇, 孔杰, 胡守林, 张伟, 陈佳林, 李燕芳, 万素梅, 陈国栋. 不同陆地棉纤维发育重要阶段形态学差异比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 279-290.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Ovule one day before flowering Note: a, b, c are the ovules of Xinluzhong 82 at three flowering stages, d, e, f are ovules of Xinluzhong 70 at three flowering stages, g, h, and i are ovules at three flowering stages of 15-1242 Ovules, j, k, l are the ovules of Xinluzhong 38 at three flowering stages, A, B, C are ovules of Xinluzhong 82 at three flowering stages, D, E, and F are Xinluzhong 70 The ovules of the three flowering stages, G, H, I are the ovules of the three flowering stages of 15-1242, and J, K, L are the ovules of the three flowering stages of Xinluzhong 38.Lowercase letters represent observation at 60 times magnification, and capital letters represent observation at 300 times magnification,the same as below

Table 1 Number of ovule epidermal cell protrusions on different flowering days

品种 Variety	7月7日 July 7	7月14日 July 14	7月21日 July 21
15-1242	6 233^aB	7 067^aAB	7 167^aA
新陆中38号 Xinluzhong38	6 333^aB	5 900^abB	5 367^bA
新陆中70号 Xinluzhong70	7 533^aA	7 867^aA	6 667^aA
新陆中82号 Xinluzhong82	6 800^aB	7 033^aAB	5 867^aA

Fig.2 Observation of the ovule on the day of flowering

Table 2 Comparison of fiber elongation quantity at 1 day after flowering in different flowering periods

品种 Variety	7月7日 July 7	7月14日 July 14	7月21日 July 21
15-1242	5 700^aA	6 400^aA	5 388^aA
新陆中38号 Xinluzhong38	4 667^abB	5 067^aB	4 000^bBC
新陆中70号 Xinluzhong70	5 133^aB	4 933^aB	4 000^bB
新陆中82号 Xinluzhong82	6 267^aA	5 567^aB	3 033^bC

Fig.3 Observation of ovule one day after flowering

Fig.4 Observation of fiber morphology and structure of 21-day fiber development in different flowering periods Note: a, b, and c are the fibers of 新陆早 7, 14 and 21 of Xinluzhong 82 that have developed 21 days of flowering.d, e, f are the 21-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 70.g, h, i are 15-1242 fibers developed for 21 days, respectively.J, k, i are the 21-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 38

Fig.5 Observation of fiber morphology and structure of 28-day fiber development in different flowering periods Note: a, b, and c are the fibers of No.7, 14 and 21 of Xinluzhong 82 that have developed 28 days of flowering.d, e, f are the 28-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 70.g, h, i are 15-1242 fibers developed for 28 days, respectively.J, k, i are the 28-day-developed fibers of Xinluzhong 38

Fig.6 Observation of mature fiber morphology and structure in different flowering periods Note: a, b, and c are the mature fibers of Xinluzhong 82 at flowering stage, No.7, 14 and 21, respectively.d, e, f are the mature fibers of Xinluzhong 70.g, h, i are mature fibers of 15-1242, respectively.j, k, l are mature fibers of Xinluzhong 38 respectively

References 24

[1]	曹新川, 胡守林, 韩秀锋, 等. 海岛棉棉铃阶段性发育与产量品质的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(2):300-306.
	CAO Xinchuan, HU Shoulin, HAN Xiufeng, et al. The relationship between stage development and yield and quality of sea island cotton bolls[J]. Acta Crops, 2020, 46(2):300-306.
[2]	尹志成, 蔺万煌, 蒋建雄, 等. 影响棉纤维分化和发育的因素[J]. 生命科学研究, 2005,(S2):121-124.
	YIN Zhicheng, LIN Wanhuang, JIANG Jianxiong, et al. Factors affecting cotton fiber differentiation and development[J]. Life Science Research, 2005,(S2):121-124.
[3]	李学宝. 棉纤维发育及其分子调控机制研究进展[A].湖北省遗传学会.基因开启未来:新时代的遗传学与科技进步—湖北省遗传学会第八次代表大会暨学术讨论会论文摘要汇编[C]. 湖北省遗传学会, 2009.
	LI Xuebao. Research progress of cotton fiber development and its molecular regulation mechanism [A].Hubei Genetics Society.Genes open the future: genetics and technological progress in the new era-the eighth representative conference and academic discussion of Hubei Genetics Society Collection of abstracts of the conference papers[C]. Hubei Genetics Society, 2009.
[4]	Aiyangar G S. Origin and development of lint and fuzz in cotton[J]. Indian J Agr Sci, 1951, 21:293-312.
[5]	赖童飞, 杜雄明. 棉纤维分化起始的分子生物学研究进展[J]. 西北植物学报, 2008,(2):2416-2424.
	LAI Tongfei, DU Xiongming. Research progress in molecular biology of cotton fiber differentiation initiation[J]. Northwestern Journal of Botany, 2008,(2):2416-2424.
[6]	李伟明, 刘素恩, 王志忠, 等. 棉花纤维品质年际间变化及气象因素影响分析[J]. 棉花学报, 2005,(2):103-106.
	LI Weiming, LIU Suen, WANG Zhizhong, et al. Interannual variation of cotton fiber quality and analysis of the influence of meteorological factors[J]. Cotton Journal, 2005,(2):103-106.
[7]	罗明, 肖月华, 侯磊, 等. 棉花LIM结构域基因(GhLIM1)的克隆和表达分析[J]. 遗传学报, 2003,(2):175-182.
	LUO Ming, XIAO Yuehua, HOU Lei, et al. Cloning and expression analysis of cotton LIM domain gene (GhLIM1)[J]. Acta Genetics, 2003,(2):175-182.
[8]	闫洪颖, 胡文冉, 范玲. 新疆特早熟陆地棉纤维细胞发育过程的超微结构观察[J]. 棉花学报, 2009, 21(6):456-461.
	YAN Hongying, HU Wenran, FAN Ling. Ultrastructure observation of fiber cell development process of Xinjiang extra-early maturing upland cotton[J]. Cotton Science, 2009, 21(6):456-461.
[9]	Wolf-Rüdiger Scheible, Pauly M. Glycosyltransferases and cell wall biosynjournal: novel players and insights[J]. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2004, 7(3):285-295. PMID
[10]	丁震乾. 棉纤维发育的超微结构研究[D]. 南京:南京农业大学, 2004.
	DING Zhenqian. Study on the ultrastructure of cotton fiber development[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2004.
[11]	Kim H J, Triplett B A. Cotton fiber growth in plants and in vitro: models for plant cell elongation and cell wall biogenesis[J]. Plant Physiol, 2001, 127(4):1361-1366. PMID
[12]	杨佑明, 徐楚年. 棉纤维发育的分子生理机制[J]. 植物学通报, 2003,(1):1-9.
	YANG Youming, XU Chunian. The molecular and physiological mechanism of cotton fiber development[J]. Botany Bulletin, 2003,(1):1-9.
[13]	Beasley C A. Development morphology of cotton flowers and seed as seen with the scanning electron microscope[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1975, 62(3):584-592. DOI URL
[14]	杜雄明, 潘家驹, 汪若海. 棉纤维细胞分化和发育[J]. 棉花学报, 2000, 12(4):212-217.
	DU Xiongming, PAN Jiaju, WANG Ruohai. Cotton fiber cell differentiation and development[J]. Cotton Science, 2000, 12(4):212-217.
[15]	徐楚年, 余炳生, 张仪, 等. 棉花四个栽培种纤维发育的比较研究[J]. 北京农业大学学报, 1988,(2):113-119.
	XU Chunian, YU Bingsheng, ZHANG Yi, et al. A comparative study on fiber development of four cotton cultivars[J]. Journal of Beijing Agricultural University, 1988,(2):113-119.
[16]	徐楚年, 寿元, 贾君镇, 等. 陆地棉和海岛棉纤维发育的电镜比较研究[J]. 电子显微学报, 1988,(3):43.
	XU Chunian, SHOU Yuan, JIA Junzhen, et al. Comparative study on fiber development of upland cotton and sea island cotton[J]. Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society, 1988,(3):43.
[17]	Graves D A, Stewart J M, Chronology of the differentiation of cotton (Gossypiutn hirsutum L.)Hher cells[J]. Planta, 1988, 175:254-258. DOI PMID
[18]	Applequist W L, R Cronn, Wendel J F, Comparative develop-UUMK of Hher in wild and cultivated cotton[J]. Evol Devel, 2001, 3:3-17. DOI URL
[19]	Cheng qili, Wang zhenguo, Tian zhenzhang. Fiber initiation development in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars varying[J]. Euphytica, 2009, 165:223-230. DOI URL
[20]	徐敏, 金路路, 王子胜. 辽河流域棉区棉铃发育进程研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2015, 6(5):69-73.
	XU Min, JIN Lulu, WANG Zisheng. Research on the development process of cotton bolls in the cotton area of Liaohe River Basin[J]. Crop Journal, 2015, 6(5):69-73.
[21]	马溶慧, 许乃银, 张传喜, 等. 氮素水平对棉铃干物质积累分配和纤维品质性状的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2009, 21(2):115-120.
	MA Ronghui, XU Naiyin, ZHANG Chuanxi, et al. Effects of nitrogen levels on the dry matter accumulation and distribution and fiber quality traits of cotton bolls[J]. Cotton Science, 2009, 21(2):115-120.
[22]	曹新川, 郭伟锋, 胡守林, 等. 不同开花时期陆地棉铃部干物质积累规律[J]. 西北农业学报, 2020, 29(2):224-230.
	CAO Xinchuan, GUO Weifeng, HU Shoulin, et al. Dry matter accumulation laws of upland cotton bolls in different flowering periods[J]. Northwest Agricultural Journal, 2020, 29(2):224-230.
[23]	毛廷勇, 胡守林, 陈国栋, 等. 新疆南疆阿拉尔垦区主栽陆地棉品种(系)棉铃发育的特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(12):2157-2168. DOI
	MAO Tingyong, HU Shoulin, CHEN Guodong, et al. Characteristics of cotton bolls development of main upland cotton varieties (lines) in the Alar Reclamation Area of Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(12):2157-2168.
[24]	刘广平, 朱卫平, 李俊文, 等. 陆海杂种F_1成熟纤维的电镜观察初步分析[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2008,(13):5363-5365.
	LIU Guangping, ZHU Weiping, LI Junwen, et al. Preliminary analysis of electron microscope observation of mature fiber of F1 in land-sea hybrid[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008,(13):5363-5365.