新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 3041-3048.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.020
刘旭坤1,2(), 阿尔孜姑丽·肉孜2, 朱晓峰2, 吐尔逊·阿合买提2, 赵雯慧1,2, 付开赟2, 丁新华2, 贾尊尊2, 阿地力·沙塔尔1(
), 郭文超2(
)
收稿日期:
2023-04-22
出版日期:
2023-12-20
发布日期:
2024-01-03
作者简介:
刘旭坤(2000-),男,河南南阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林保护,(E-mail)2416933575@qq.com
基金资助:
LIU Xukun1,2(), Aerziguli Rouzi2, ZHU Xiaofeng2, Tuerxun Ahemaiti2, ZHAO Wenhui1,2, FU Kaiyun2, DING Xinhua2, JIA Zunzun2, Adili Shataer1(
), GUO Wenchao2(
)
Received:
2023-04-22
Published:
2023-12-20
Online:
2024-01-03
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】筛选出新疆阿克苏地区桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii Matsmura防控效果最佳的迷向装置,提出适宜当地基于昆虫性信息素迷向干扰的防治技术。【方法】定点监测桃小食心虫成虫发生动态,设计在枣园选择距地面3.5与2 m处悬挂迷向丝、迷向管以及缓释迷向袋等不同类型迷向装置,监测并计算其迷向率与蛀果率,筛选适宜高效迷向装置和悬挂高度。【结果】迷向丝、迷向管和缓释迷向袋悬挂高度2与3.5 m蛀果减退率分别为77.36%和90.00%、98.42%和93.15%、93.69%和94.21%;不同迷向装置悬挂高度2与3.5 m,平均迷向率分别为94.81%和89.38%。三种迷向装置防治效果存在明显差异。迷向管控制效果最优,其次为缓释迷向袋的防治效果,迷向丝的防治效果相对较低。不同迷向装置在悬挂高度3.5 m的防治效果优于悬挂高度2 m的防治效果。【结论】在枣园采用每667m2有效成分为顺-7-二十碳烯-11-酮的三种装置中,控制有效成分含量3 g/667m2,配置迷向丝40个/667m2、迷向管20个/667m2和缓施迷向袋6个/667m2均有较好的防效。生产中可使用迷向管和缓释迷向袋用于防治桃小食心虫。
中图分类号:
刘旭坤, 阿尔孜姑丽·肉孜, 朱晓峰, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 赵雯慧, 付开赟, 丁新华, 贾尊尊, 阿地力·沙塔尔, 郭文超. 三种迷向装置对桃小食心虫的防治效果[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 3041-3048.
LIU Xukun, Aerziguli Rouzi, ZHU Xiaofeng, Tuerxun Ahemaiti, ZHAO Wenhui, FU Kaiyun, DING Xinhua, JIA Zunzun, Adili Shataer, GUO Wenchao. The control effect of three kinds of fan devices on Carposina sasakii Matsmura[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(12): 3041-3048.
名称 Name | 载体 Carrier | 长度 Length (mm) | 外径 Outside diameter (mm) | 壁厚 thickness (mm) | 活性组分含量 Active ingredient content(g) | 持效期 Shelf life(d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
迷向丝 Fascinated by silk | 复合聚乙烯 | 200±5 | 2.7±0.2 | 0.7±0.1 | 0.075 | 120 |
迷向管 Confusion tube | PVC塑料管 | 300±5 | 2.3±0.2 | 1.5±0.2 | 0.150 | 120 |
缓释迷向袋 Slow-release puzzle pouch | 聚乙烯缓释袋 | 70×150 | - | - | 0.500 | 120 |
三角形诱捕器 Triangle trap | 钙塑板 | 265±2 | 200±2 | 110±2 | - | - |
白色粘虫板 White sticky worm plate | 230±2 | 190±2 | - | - | - |
表1 试验材料
Tab.1 Experimental materials
名称 Name | 载体 Carrier | 长度 Length (mm) | 外径 Outside diameter (mm) | 壁厚 thickness (mm) | 活性组分含量 Active ingredient content(g) | 持效期 Shelf life(d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
迷向丝 Fascinated by silk | 复合聚乙烯 | 200±5 | 2.7±0.2 | 0.7±0.1 | 0.075 | 120 |
迷向管 Confusion tube | PVC塑料管 | 300±5 | 2.3±0.2 | 1.5±0.2 | 0.150 | 120 |
缓释迷向袋 Slow-release puzzle pouch | 聚乙烯缓释袋 | 70×150 | - | - | 0.500 | 120 |
三角形诱捕器 Triangle trap | 钙塑板 | 265±2 | 200±2 | 110±2 | - | - |
白色粘虫板 White sticky worm plate | 230±2 | 190±2 | - | - | - |
试验区 Plot | 桃小食心虫 Carposinasasakiii | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
迷向剂 Vacuum | 高度 Height (m) | 主要成分含量 The main ingredient content (g/667m2) | 数量 Quantity (个) | |
A | 迷向丝 | 2.0 | 3 | 40 |
B | 迷向丝 | 3.5 | 3 | 40 |
C | 迷向管 | 2.0 | 3 | 20 |
D | 迷向管 | 3.5 | 3 | 20 |
E | 缓释迷向袋 | 2.0 | 3 | 6 |
F | 缓释迷向袋 | 3.5 | 3 | 6 |
CK | - | - | - | - |
表2 试验区概况
Tab.2 Overview of the test area
试验区 Plot | 桃小食心虫 Carposinasasakiii | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
迷向剂 Vacuum | 高度 Height (m) | 主要成分含量 The main ingredient content (g/667m2) | 数量 Quantity (个) | |
A | 迷向丝 | 2.0 | 3 | 40 |
B | 迷向丝 | 3.5 | 3 | 40 |
C | 迷向管 | 2.0 | 3 | 20 |
D | 迷向管 | 3.5 | 3 | 20 |
E | 缓释迷向袋 | 2.0 | 3 | 6 |
F | 缓释迷向袋 | 3.5 | 3 | 6 |
CK | - | - | - | - |
试验区 Plot | 总诱蛾量 (头) Total amount of moths (head) | 迷向率 Percentage of isotropy (%) |
---|---|---|
A(迷向丝2 m fascinated by silk 2 m) | 5 | 99.82 |
B(迷向丝3.5 m fascinated by silk 3.5 m) | 0 | 100.00 |
C(迷向管2 m confusion tube 2 m) | 0 | 100.00 |
D(迷向管3.5 m confusion tube 3.5 m) | 0 | 100.00 |
E(缓释迷向袋2 m slow-release puzzle pouch 2 m) | 17 | 95.99 |
F(缓释迷向袋3.5 m slow-release puzzle pouch 3.5 m) | 45 | 89.38 |
CK | 424 | - |
表3 不同处理区总诱蛾量
Tab.3 Statistics on total trapping in different treatment areas
试验区 Plot | 总诱蛾量 (头) Total amount of moths (head) | 迷向率 Percentage of isotropy (%) |
---|---|---|
A(迷向丝2 m fascinated by silk 2 m) | 5 | 99.82 |
B(迷向丝3.5 m fascinated by silk 3.5 m) | 0 | 100.00 |
C(迷向管2 m confusion tube 2 m) | 0 | 100.00 |
D(迷向管3.5 m confusion tube 3.5 m) | 0 | 100.00 |
E(缓释迷向袋2 m slow-release puzzle pouch 2 m) | 17 | 95.99 |
F(缓释迷向袋3.5 m slow-release puzzle pouch 3.5 m) | 45 | 89.38 |
CK | 424 | - |
试验区 Plot (m) | 总诱蛾量 Total trap catch (头) | 平均诱蛾量 Average amount of moths (头) | 迷向率 Percentage of isotropy (%) |
---|---|---|---|
悬挂高度2 Suspensionheight 2 | 22 | 1.46 | 94.81 |
悬挂高度3.5 Suspension height 3.5 | 45 | 3 | 89.38 |
对照区CK Control plot | 424 | 84.8 | — |
表4 不同悬挂高度处理区总诱蛾量
Tab.4 Statistics of total trapping in treatment areas by suspension height
试验区 Plot (m) | 总诱蛾量 Total trap catch (头) | 平均诱蛾量 Average amount of moths (头) | 迷向率 Percentage of isotropy (%) |
---|---|---|---|
悬挂高度2 Suspensionheight 2 | 22 | 1.46 | 94.81 |
悬挂高度3.5 Suspension height 3.5 | 45 | 3 | 89.38 |
对照区CK Control plot | 424 | 84.8 | — |
图2 不同迷向装置不同高度下诱蛾迷向率对比 注:A表示为迷向丝悬挂2 m、B表示为迷向丝悬挂3.5 m、C表示为迷向管悬挂2 m、D表示为迷向管悬挂3.5 m、E表示为缓释迷向袋悬挂2 m、F表示为缓释迷向袋悬挂3.5 m; P<0.05水平差异显著(单因素方差分析)
Fig.2 Comparison of the brawl rate of moths at different heights of different vandal devices Note: A indicates fascinated by silk suspension 2 m, B indicates fascinated by silk suspension 3.5 m, C indicates confusion tube suspension 2 m, D indicates confusion tube suspension 3.5 m, E indicates slow-release puzzle pouch suspension 2 m, F indicates slow-release puzzle pouch suspension 3.5 m; Significant difference in P<0.05 levels (one-way ANOVA)
图3 桃小食心虫成虫发生动态与不同高度诱蛾迷向率对比
Fig.3 Comparison of the occurrence dynamics of adult peach heartworms with the fugitive rates of moths at different heights
试验区 Plot | 调查总果数 Total fruit (个) | 虫果数 Wormy fruit (个) | 蛀果率 Fruit borer rate (%) | 蛀果减退率 Fruit borer reduction rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
A(迷向丝2 m)A (fascinated by silk 2 m) | 1 000 | 43 | 4.3b | 77.36 |
B(迷向丝3.5 m)B (fascinated by silk 3.5 m) | 1 000 | 19 | 1.9c | 90.00 |
C(迷向管2 m)C (confusion tube 2 m) | 1 000 | 3 | 0.3d | 98.42 |
D(迷向管3.5 m)D (confusion tube 3.5 m) | 1 000 | 13 | 1.3c | 93.15 |
E(缓释迷向袋2 m)E (slow-release puzzle pouch 2 m) | 1 000 | 12 | 1.2c | 93.69 |
F(缓释迷向袋3.5 m)F (slow-release puzzle pouch 3.5 m) | 1 000 | 11 | 1.1c | 94.21 |
CK | 1 000 | 190 | 19a | - |
表5 果实成熟期蛀果率变化
Tab.5 Fruit decay rate survey results
试验区 Plot | 调查总果数 Total fruit (个) | 虫果数 Wormy fruit (个) | 蛀果率 Fruit borer rate (%) | 蛀果减退率 Fruit borer reduction rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
A(迷向丝2 m)A (fascinated by silk 2 m) | 1 000 | 43 | 4.3b | 77.36 |
B(迷向丝3.5 m)B (fascinated by silk 3.5 m) | 1 000 | 19 | 1.9c | 90.00 |
C(迷向管2 m)C (confusion tube 2 m) | 1 000 | 3 | 0.3d | 98.42 |
D(迷向管3.5 m)D (confusion tube 3.5 m) | 1 000 | 13 | 1.3c | 93.15 |
E(缓释迷向袋2 m)E (slow-release puzzle pouch 2 m) | 1 000 | 12 | 1.2c | 93.69 |
F(缓释迷向袋3.5 m)F (slow-release puzzle pouch 3.5 m) | 1 000 | 11 | 1.1c | 94.21 |
CK | 1 000 | 190 | 19a | - |
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摘要 159
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