新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (7): 1658-1669.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.07.011

• 粮食和经济作物专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

大豆萌发期耐旱性鉴定与优异种质筛选

吴玉成1,2(), 田蕊1,2, 时晓磊1,2, 山其米克1,2, 丁孙磊1,2, 张恒斌3, 赵靓3, 战勇3, 严勇亮1,2()   

  1. 1.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091
    2.国家中亚特色作物种质资源中期库(乌鲁木齐), 乌鲁木齐 830091
    3.新疆农垦科学院作物研究所, 新疆石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-22 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 通信作者: 严勇亮(1982-),男,研究员,研究方向为大豆遗传育种,(E-mail)yanliang198279@163.com
  • 作者简介:吴玉成(1997-),男,硕士,研究方向为大豆抗逆育种,(E-mail)710526272@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    “天池英才”引进计划“青年博士”项目;新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2023001-26);“天山英才”培养计划“三农”骨干人才培养项目;国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-04-CES31);新疆大豆产业技术体系(XJARS-04);天山创新团队“大豆高产抗逆育种与超高产栽培创新团队”

Comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance for soybean germplasm at germination stage

WU Yucheng1,2(), TIAN Rui1,2, SHI Xiaolei1,2, Shanqimike 1,2, DING Sunlei1,2, ZHANG Hengbin3, ZHAO Jing3, ZHAN Yong3, YAN Yongliang1,2()   

  1. 1. Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
    2. National Central Asian Characteristic Crop Germplasm Resources Medium-term Gene Bank (Urumqi), Urumqi 830091, China
    3. Institute of Crops Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
  • Received:2024-12-22 Published:2025-07-20 Online:2025-09-05
  • Supported by:
    "Young Doctor" Project of "Tianchi Talents" Introduction Program;Agricultural S & T Innovation Stability Support Special Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkywdzc-2023001-26);“Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers” Backbone Talent Training Project of "Tianshan Talents" Training Program;China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04-CES31);Xinjiang Agriculture Research System(XJARS-04);"High-Yield and Reverse Resistance Breeding and Ultra-High-Yield Cultivation Innovation Team" of Tianshan Innovation Team

摘要:

【目的】筛选发芽阶段耐旱大豆优异种质,为耐旱新品种选育及机制解析提供材料基础。【方法】以中亚特色作物种质资源中期库(乌鲁木齐)提供的218份大豆种质为材料,利用15% PEG高渗溶液模拟干旱胁迫,鉴定其相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对发芽指数、萌发耐旱指数和伤害率等5个指标,采用模糊隶属函数法和聚类分析等方法评价供试材料萌发期耐旱性。【结果】在15% PEG高渗溶液胁迫下,218份大豆种质发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数等指标呈现不同程度的降低;其相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对发芽指数、萌发耐旱指数及伤害率变化范围分别为0.04~1.00、0.41~1.00、0.09~0.63、0.03~1.92和0~58.63%;相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对发芽指数和萌发耐旱指数间均呈极显著正相关关系,而伤害率与上述性状呈极显著负相关;可将供试材料分为类群Ⅰ、类群Ⅱ、类群Ⅲ、类群Ⅳ共4类,在类群Ⅰ中筛选到No.10294、东农60、PI475810、No.3226和FtC039等发芽阶段耐旱种质10份;此外,逐步回归建立了大豆萌发期耐旱性评价数学模型(D=0.382-0.429DR+0.209RGP+0.106PI+0.238RGI),利用该模型可快速评价和预测大豆种质萌发期耐旱性。【结论】从供试的218份大豆种质中筛选出10份耐旱种质,分别为No.10294、东农60、PI475810、No.3226、FtC039、JiangJinQingPiDou、FtC005、Uzbekskaja-2、Union和FtC054。

关键词: 大豆; 萌发期; 耐旱性; 种质筛选; 回归分析

Abstract:

【Objective】 Soybean (Glycine max L.) originated from China, which was an important crop for grain, oil and forage. Drought stress inhibits soybean germination potential, germination rate, and germination index, leading to missing seedlings in the field. The elite soybean germplasms were screened in the hope of providing material basis for drought-tolerant breeding and molecular mechanism analysis. 【Methods】 218 soybean accessions, provided by National Central Asian Characteristic Crop Germplasm Resources Medium-term Gene Bank (Urumqi), were employed and five drought tolerance index, including relative germination potential, relative germination rate, relative germination index, promptness index, and damage rate were identified under 15% PEG stress. Furthermore, soybean drought tolerance was evaluated by membership function method and clustering analysis. 【Results】 The soybean germination rate, germination potential, and germination index declined to different degrees under 15% PEG stress. The ranges of the relative germination potential, relative germination rate, relative germination index, promptness index, and damage rate were 0.04-1.00, 0.41-1.00, 0.09-0.63, 0.03-1.92, and 0-58.63%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the relative germination potential, relative germination rate, relative germination index, and promptness index were positively correlated with each other and negatively correlated with damage rate. Furthermore, based on membership function values, 218 soybean accessions were classified into four groups: Group I, Group II, Group III and Group IV. From Group I, ten drought-tolerant germplasm were selected including No.10294, Dongnong 60, PI475810, No.3226 and FtC039. Moreover, a mathematical model (D=0.382-0.429DR+0.209RGP+0.106PI+0.238RGI) was established by stepwise regression analysis, which might be used to quickly evaluate and predict the drought tolerance of soybean germplasm during germination. 【Conclusion】 From 218 soybean accessions, ten drought-resistant varieties are screened, including No.10294, Dongnong60, PI475810, No.3226, FtC039, JiangJinQingPiDou, FtC005, Uzbekskaja-2, Union and FtC054.

Key words: soybean; germination stage; drought tolerance; germplasm screening; regression analysis

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

出版单位:《新疆农业科学》编辑部
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邮编:830091
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E-mail:xjnykx-h@xaas.ac.cn


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