水稻种子萌发期耐旱性鉴定及优异品种筛选

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 95-102.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.012

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

水稻种子萌发期耐旱性鉴定及优异品种筛选

杜孝敬¹^,²(), 侯天钰², 李冬¹(), 吕玉平¹, 袁杰², 张燕红², 赵志强², 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜², 王奉斌¹^,²()

1.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/新疆农作物生物技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2024-07-30 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-03-11
通信作者: 李冬(1982-),男,陕西商洛人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为水稻遗传育种及栽培,(E-mail)ld1995789@sina.com；
王奉斌(1968-),男,江西萍乡人,研究员,硕士,研究方向为水稻遗传育种及栽培,(E-mail)xjnkywfb@163.com
作者简介:杜孝敬(1993-),男,河南商丘人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为稻种资源及水稻栽培,(E-mail)dxjixj@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(2022E02062);国家水稻产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-01-75)

Identification of drought tolerance and selection of excellent varieties of rice seeds at germination stage

DU Xiaojing¹^,²(), HOU Tianyu², LI Dong¹(), LYU Yuping¹, YUAN Jie², ZHANG Yanhong², ZHAO Zhiqiang², Buhaliqiemu Abulizi², WANG Fengbin¹^,²()

1. Research Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology / Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2024-07-30 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2025-03-11
Supported by:
Science and Technology Assisting Xinjiang Project of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(2022E02062);Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Rice Industry Technology System(CARS-01-75)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 分析水稻早期耐旱性鉴定指标,筛选水稻耐旱种质资源。【方法】 采用0%、15%、20%的PEG-6000溶液,鉴定31份水稻品种萌发期的抗旱性。【结果】 不同水稻品种的根长、芽长、根数和发芽率随PEG浓度增加呈下降趋势,20% PEG为水稻萌发期耐旱性鉴定浓度。将31份水稻品种划分为3大类群:第 Ⅰ 类群为萌发期抗旱型较优品种,共4份;第 Ⅱ 类群为萌发期抗旱型中等品种,共14份;第 Ⅲ 类群为萌发期抗旱型差品种,共13份。利用主成分分析法仅提取1个综合因子,累计贡献率为74.689%,其相对芽长、相对根长、相对根数、相对发芽率均与平均总隶属函数值呈极显著正相关,4个性状为萌发期抗旱性鉴定指标。【结论】 筛选出萌发期耐旱性强的4份水稻材料23H25、23H5、23H20和23H16。

关键词: 水稻; 萌发期; PEG-6000; 耐旱性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the identification index of early drought tolerance of rice and to screen the germplasm resources of rice drought tolerance. 【Methods】 The drought resistance of 31 rice varieties during germination was identified by 0%, 15% and 20% PEG-6000 solution. 【Results】 The root length, bud length, root number and germination rate of different rice varieties decreased with the increase of PEG concentration, and 20% PEG was determined as the identification concentration of drought tolerance of rice during germination. The 31 varieties were divided into three categories by systematic cluster analysis: the first category was best drought-resistant variety at germination stage, with 4 cultivars; the second group consisted of 14 medium drought-resistant varieties during germination, the third group consisted of 13 varieties with poor drought resistance during germination. Only one comprehensive factor was extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 74.689%. The relative shoot length, relative root length, relative root number and relative germination rate were significantly positively correlated with the average total membership function value. These four traits were identified as drought resistance identification indicators at germination stage. 【Conclusion】 Four rice materials 23H25, 23H5, 23H20 and 23H16 with strong drought tolerance during germination have been selected by means of average total membership function and cluster analysis.

Key words: rice; germination stage; PEG-6000; drought tolerance

中图分类号:

S511

杜孝敬, 侯天钰, 李冬, 吕玉平, 袁杰, 张燕红, 赵志强, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 王奉斌. 水稻种子萌发期耐旱性鉴定及优异品种筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 95-102.

DU Xiaojing, HOU Tianyu, LI Dong, LYU Yuping, YUAN Jie, ZHANG Yanhong, ZHAO Zhiqiang, Buhaliqiemu Abulizi, WANG Fengbin. Identification of drought tolerance and selection of excellent varieties of rice seeds at germination stage[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 95-102.

图/表 6

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性状 Traits	处理 Treatments	最小值 Min (%)	最大值 Max (%)	均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)
相对芽长 Relative bud length	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	0.00	180.85	77.39	37.79	48.83
	20% PEG	0.00	85.50	23.27	24.54	105.48
相对根长 Relative radicle length	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	0.00	178.57	80.25	40.55	50.53
	20% PEG	0.00	146.15	41.60	36.38	87.47
相对根数 Relative radicle number	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	0.00	140.00	72.75	33.04	45.41
	20% PEG	0.00	82.00	35.19	24.85	70.62
相对发芽率 Relative germination percentage	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	32.00	103.45	92.35	17.27	18.70
	20% PEG	0.00	100.00	50.22	33.95	67.61

性状 Traits	处理 Treatments	最小值 Min (%)	最大值 Max (%)	均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)
相对芽长 Relative bud length	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	0.00	180.85	77.39	37.79	48.83
	20% PEG	0.00	85.50	23.27	24.54	105.48
相对根长 Relative radicle length	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	0.00	178.57	80.25	40.55	50.53
	20% PEG	0.00	146.15	41.60	36.38	87.47
相对根数 Relative radicle number	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	0.00	140.00	72.75	33.04	45.41
	20% PEG	0.00	82.00	35.19	24.85	70.62
相对发芽率 Relative germination percentage	CK	/	/	/	/	/
	15% PEG	32.00	103.45	92.35	17.27	18.70
	20% PEG	0.00	100.00	50.22	33.95	67.61

成分 Component	初始特征值 Initial Eigenvalues			提取载荷平方 Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings
成分 Component	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差百分比 Variance percentage(%)	累积 Cumulative(%)	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差百分比 Variance percentage(%)	累积 Cumulative (%)
1(PC₁)	2.988	74.689	74.689	2.988	74.689	74.689
2	0.459	11.486	86.175
3	0.424	10.595	96.77
4	0.129	3.23	100

成分 Component	初始特征值 Initial Eigenvalues			提取载荷平方 Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings
成分 Component	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差百分比 Variance percentage(%)	累积 Cumulative(%)	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差百分比 Variance percentage(%)	累积 Cumulative (%)
1(PC₁)	2.988	74.689	74.689	2.988	74.689	74.689
2	0.459	11.486	86.175
3	0.424	10.595	96.77
4	0.129	3.23	100

排名 Ranking	材料编号 Material	平均总隶属函数值 X_i	抗旱等级 Grade of drought resistance	类群 Group	排名 Ranking	材料编号 Material	平均总隶属函数值 X_i	抗旱等级 Grade of drought resistance	类群 Group
1	23H25	0.779	R	Ⅰ	17	23H14	0.415	MR	Ⅱ
2	23H5	0.768	R	Ⅰ	18	23H2	0.355	S	Ⅱ
3	23H20	0.749	R	Ⅰ	19	23H3	0.252	S	Ⅲ
4	23H16	0.719	R	Ⅰ	20	23H10	0.223	S	Ⅲ
5	23H19	0.644	R	Ⅱ	21	23H9	0.209	S	Ⅲ
6	23H13	0.600	MR	Ⅱ	22	23H12	0.198	HS	Ⅲ
7	23H21	0.587	MR	Ⅱ	23	23H28	0.196	HS	Ⅲ
8	23H23	0.582	MR	Ⅱ	24	23H1	0.185	HS	Ⅲ
9	23H22	0.561	MR	Ⅱ	25	23H18	0.184	HS	Ⅲ
10	23H24	0.547	MR	Ⅱ	26	23H8	0.000	HS	Ⅲ
11	23H11	0.493	MR	Ⅱ	27	23H15	0.000	HS	Ⅲ
12	23H7	0.486	MR	Ⅱ	28	23H26	0.000	HS	Ⅲ
13	23H17	0.478	MR	Ⅱ	29	23H27	0.000	HS	Ⅲ
14	23H31	0.461	MR	Ⅱ	30	23H29	0.000	HS	Ⅲ
15	23H6	0.446	MR	Ⅱ	31	23H30	0.000	HS	Ⅲ
16	23H4	0.416	MR	Ⅱ

水稻种子萌发期耐旱性鉴定及优异品种筛选

Identification of drought tolerance and selection of excellent varieties of rice seeds at germination stage

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