棉花-花生轮作模式对土壤养分及其产量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 1657-1665.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.012

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

棉花-花生轮作模式对土壤养分及其产量的影响

侯献飞¹(), 李强¹(), 苗昊翠¹(), 贾东海¹, 顾元国¹, 买买提依明·斯马依¹, 崔福洋²

1.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.伊犁师范大学生物与地理科学学院,新疆伊宁 835000

收稿日期:2023-11-30 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-09-04
通信作者: 李强(1980-),男,新疆人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为油料作物育种与栽培,(E-mail)lq19820302@126.com；
苗昊翠( 1981- ),女,研究员,研究方向为花生栽培与逆境生理,(E-mail)mc09876@163.com
作者简介:侯献飞(1989- ),男,甘肃庆阳人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为油料作物遗传育种,(E-mail)hou544805196@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”培养计划-现代农牧业高层次人才(2023SNGGGCC018);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-13);中央引导地方项目“棉、油、糖数字精准高效生产技术体系集成与示范推广”(ZYYD2024CG23)

Effects of cotton-peanut rotation on the soil physicochemical properties and the yield of crop

HOU Xianfei¹(), LI Qiang¹(), MIAO haocui¹(), JIA Donghai¹, GU Yuanguo¹, Maimaiyiming Simayi¹, CUI Fuyang²

1. Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
2. College of Biology and Geography Sciences, Ili Normal University, Yining Xinjiang 835000, China

Received:2023-11-30 Published:2024-07-20 Online:2024-09-04
Supported by:
High-level talents of modern agriculture and animal husbandry(2023SNGGGCC018);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-13);Cotton, oil, sugar digital precision and efficient production technology system integration and demonstration promotion '(ZYYD2024CG23)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究棉花-花生轮作模式下土壤养分及作物产量变化规律,为新疆绿洲农区产业结构调整提供一定的理论依据。【方法】试验为长期定位试验,设棉花-花生、花生-棉花、花生-花生(对照)、棉花-棉花4个处理(对照),于各轮作作物收获后取土样,测定0~20 cm,20~40 cm,40~60 cm土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量。【结果】棉花-花生轮作下,0~20 cm土壤有效磷含量最高,是棉花连作的2倍左右,且土壤速效钾含量明显高于棉花连作,在0~40 cm土层花生连作的土壤全氮含量最高,棉花-花生轮作的土壤水解氮含量最高;棉花-花生轮作的花生、棉花产量均高于连作棉花、连作花生,且棉花-花生轮作,较花生-花生连作的花生增产16.33%;2017年花生-棉花轮作下,棉花产量较棉花轮作增产8.2%。【结论】棉花-花生轮作模式可以提高连作棉田土壤肥力,提高棉花和花生产量。

关键词: 轮作; 棉花; 花生; 土壤养分; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】This project aims to study the changes of soil nutrients and crop yield under cotton-peanut rotation mode in order to provide a theoretical basis for industrial adjustment in oasis agricultural area of Xinjiang.【Methods】The experiment was a long-term positioning experiment. According to the rotation crops, there wee four treatments: cotton-peanut, peanut-cotton, peanut-peanut and cotton-cotton (the last two were the control treatment). Soil samples were collected from 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm after the harvest of each rotation crop, and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were determined.【Results】Under the cotton peanut rotation mode, the content of available phosphorus in 0-20 cm soil was the highest, which was about twice that of cotton continuous cropping, and the content of soil available potassium was significantly higher than that of cotton continuous cropping. The content of soil total nitrogen was the highest under the peanut continuous cropping mode in 0-40 cm soil layer, and the content of soil hydrolytic nitrogen was the highest under the cotton peanut cropping mode; In terms of yield, the yield of peanut and cotton under cotton peanut rotation was higher than that of cotton and peanut continuous cropping, and the yield of peanut under cotton peanut planting mode was 16.33% higher than that under peanut planting mode; Under peanut cotton rotation, cotton yield increased by 9% compared with cotton continuous cropping.【Conclusion】Cotton-peanut rotation planting mode can improve soil fertility and crop yield in continuous cropping cotton field in Xinjiang.

Key words: crop rotation; cotton; peanut; soil nutrients; yield

中图分类号:

S344.1
S15

侯献飞, 李强, 苗昊翠, 贾东海, 顾元国, 买买提依明·斯马依, 崔福洋. 棉花-花生轮作模式对土壤养分及其产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(7): 1657-1665.

HOU Xianfei, LI Qiang, MIAO haocui, JIA Donghai, GU Yuanguo, Maimaiyiming Simayi, CUI Fuyang. Effects of cotton-peanut rotation on the soil physicochemical properties and the yield of crop[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(7): 1657-1665.

图/表 9

表1 棉花-花生轮作产量表现

Tab.1 Economic yield performance of Cotton-Peanut rotation

处理 Treatments	2016年				2017年
处理 Treatments	小区产量 Plot yield (kg/15m²)			折合单产 Yield per mu (kg/667m²)	小区产量 Plot yield (kg/15m²)			折合单产 Yield per mu (kg/667m²)
棉花-棉花 Cotton-Cotton	8.25	9.05	8.65	384.45^b	7.38	7.58	7.48	311.67^b
花生-棉花 Peanut-Cotton	7.75	9.80	8.78	390.00^b	8.20	7.98	8.09	337.09^b
花生-花生 Peanut - Peanut	8.10	10.28	9.19	408.34^b	8.10	11.03	9.56	425.00^b
棉花-花生 Cotton-Peanut	10.80	10.58	10.69	475.00^a	9.68	10.20	9.94	441.67^a

图1 棉花-花生轮作田间示意

Fig.1 Field layout of cotton peanut rotation

图2 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤全氮含量的变化

Fig.2 Changes of soil total nitrogen content in different soil layers of Cotton-Peanut rotation

图3 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤全磷含量的变化

Fig.3 Changes of total phosphorus content in different soil layers of Cotton-Peanut rotation

图4 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤全钾含量的变化

Fig.4 Changes of total potassium content in different soil layers after Cotton-Peanut rotation

图5 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤有效磷含量的变化

Fig.5 Changes of soil available phosphorus content in different soil layers after Cotton-Peanut rotation

图6 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤速效钾含量的变化

Fig.6 Changes of soil available phosphorus content in different soil layers after Cotton-Peanut rotation

图7 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤水解氮含量的变化

Fig.7 Changes of soil hydrolytic nitrogen content in different soil layers after Cotton-Peanut rotation

图8 棉花-花生轮作下不同土层土壤有机质含量变化

Fig.8 Changes of soil organic matter content in different soil layers of Cotton-Peanut rotation

参考文献 33

[1]	梁亚军, 李雪源, 郑巨云, 等. 新疆2019年棉花产业情况概述及存在问题与策略[J]. 棉花科学, 2020, 42(1): 14-20.
	LIANG Yajun, LI Xueyuan, ZHENG Juyun, et al. Overview of cotton industry situation and existing problems and strategies in Xinjiang in 2019[J]. Cotton Sciences, 2020, 42(1): 14-20.
[2]	杨菲, 刘霞, 李海涛, 等. 不同花生棉花间作配比下的土壤养分、作物产量和收益研究[J]. 山东农业科学, 2021, 53(8): 33-36.
	YANG Fei, LIU Xia, LI Haitao, et al. Effects of peanut-cotton intercropping ratio on soil nutrient, crop yield and income[J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 53(8): 33-36.
[3]	Bi Y L, Zhou H L. Changes in peanut canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristics induced by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in a nutrient-poor environment[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 14832.
[4]	唐朝辉, 郭峰, 张佳蕾, 等. 甘薯花生轮作对花生生理及产量品质的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2020, 42(6): 1002-1009.
	TANG Zhaohui, GUO Feng, ZHANG Jialei, et al. Effect of sweet potato and peanut rotation on physiological characteristics and yield and quality of peanut[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2020, 42(6): 1002-1009. DOI
[5]	范业赓, 陈荣发, 闫海锋, 等. 甘蔗轮作青饲玉米和花生对甘蔗生长和土壤性状的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2021, (1): 104-111.
	FAN Yegeng, CHEN Rongfa, YAN Haifeng, et al. Effects of sugarcane rotation green fodder corn and peanut on sugarcane growth and soil properties[J]. Crops, 2021, (1): 104-111.
[6]	姚凡云, 曹玉军, 王虹霏, 等. 秸秆还田对东北半干旱区玉米‖花生轮作系统土壤水热特性及作物产量的影响[J]. 玉米科学, 2020, 28(4): 86-95.
	YAO Fanyun, CAO Yujun, WANG Hongfei, et al. Effects of straw returning on soil hydro-thermal properties and crop yield of Maize‖Peanut rotation system in semi-arid area of Northeast China[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2020, 28(4): 86-95.
[7]	Zhao J, Yang Y D, Zhang K, et al. Does crop rotation yield more in China? A meta-analysis[J]. Field Crops Research, 2020, 245: 107659.
[8]	李银水, 余常兵, 谢立华, 等. 氮钾肥运筹对花生——油菜轮作制作物产量及养分效率的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2016, 38(6): 817-823. DOI
	LI Yinshui, YU Changbing, XIE Lihua, et al. Effect of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application allocation on yields and nutrient efficiency in peanut-rapeseed rotation system[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2016, 38(6): 817-823. DOI
[9]	温延臣, 李海燕, 袁亮, 等. 长期定位施肥对潮土剖面养分分布的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(21): 4460-4469. DOI
	WEN Yanchen, LI Haiyan, YUAN Liang, et al. Effect of long-term fertilization on nutrient distribution of fluvo-aquic soil profile[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21): 4460-4469. DOI
[10]	朱梓弘, 朱同彬, 杨霖, 等. 中国土壤碱解氮含量与影响因子的空间关系研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2019, 28(11): 2199-2207. DOI
	ZHU Zihong, ZHU Tongbin, YANG Lin, et al. The spatial relationship between soil alkeline-nitrogen content and environmental factors in China[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019, 28(11): 2199-2207.
[11]	张苏芮, 李一鸣. 小麦—玉米轮作体系下长期秸秆还田对土壤养分含量的影响综述[J]. 现代农业科技, 2020,(7): 189, 192.
	ZHANG Surui, LI Yiming. Review on the effect of long-term straw returning to field on soil nutrient content under wheat-maize rotation system[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2020,(7): 189, 192.
[12]	郑永美, 周丽梅, 郑亚萍, 等. 花生主要碳代谢指标与根瘤固氮能力的关系[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(1): 75-86.
	ZHENG Yongmei, ZHOU Limei, ZHENG Yaping, et al. Relationship between carbon metabolism indices of peanut leaves and nitrogen fixation ability of nodules[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(1): 75-86.
[13]	田丽彬, 刘译阳, 张佳蕾, 等. 花生结瘤起始因子基因鉴定及其对氮肥的响应[J]. 花生学报, 2020, 49(3): 1-7.
	TIAN Libin, LIU Yiyang, ZHANG Jialei, et al. Identification of peanut nodule inception and its response to nitrogen fertilizer[J]. Journal of Peanut Science, 2020, 49(3): 1-7.
[14]	张晓娜, 陈平, 杜青, 等. 玉米/大豆、玉米/花生间作对作物氮素吸收及结瘤固氮的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2019, 27(8): 1183-1194.
	ZHANG Xiaona, CHEN Ping, DU Qing, et al. Effects of maize/soybean and maize/peanut intercropping systems on crops nitrogen uptake and nodulation nitrogen fixation[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2019, 27(8): 1183-1194.
[15]	Feiziene D, Feiza V, Povilaitis V, et al. Soil sustainability changes in organic crop rotations with diverse crop species and the share of legumes[J]. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science, 2016, 66(1): 36-51.
[16]	翁颖, 许映君, 崔萌萌, 等. 菜用大豆不同施肥处理试验初报[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2018, 59(12): 2295-2297. DOI
	WENG Ying, Xu Yingjun, Cui Mengmeng, et al. Preliminary report of fertilization treatments on vegetable soybean[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 59(12): 2295-2297.
[17]	庞泰春. 不同施钾水平对大豆生长及产量的影响[J]. 现代农业科技, 2017,(15): 7-8.
	PANG Taichun. Effects of different potassium application level on growth and yield of soybean[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017,(15): 7-8.
[18]	韩晓增, 胡国华, 邹文秀. 东北地区不同轮作方式下大豆产量对施钾的响应[J]. 土壤与作物, 2014, 3(4): 157-161.
	HAN Xiaozeng, HU Guohua, ZOU Wenxiu. The response of soybean grain yield to potassium fertilization under different crop rotations in black soil region of Northeast China[J]. Soil and Crop, 2014, 3(4): 157-161.
[19]	West T O, Post W M. Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2002, 66(6): 1930-1946.
[20]	宋祥云, 宋春燕, 柳新伟, 等. 小麦玉米轮作条件下不同生物质炭对土壤腐殖物质的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2021, 58(3): 610-618.
	SONG Xiangyun, SONG Chunyan, LIU Xinwei, et al. Effects of application of biochar on soil humic substances in cropland under wheat-corn rotation system[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2021, 58(3): 610-618.
[21]	马欣, 韩宝吉, 张丽梅, 等. 花生-油菜轮作模式下硼肥及其后效对作物产量的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2018, 40(6): 861-865, 888.
	MA Xin, HAN Baoji, ZHANG Limei, et al. Residual effectiveness of different boron fertilizers on seed yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) for rotated oilseed rape (Brassica napus)[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2018, 40(6): 861-865, 888. DOI
[22]	Zuber S, Behnke G, Nafziger E, et al. Carbon and nitrogen content of soil organic matter and microbial biomass under long-term crop rotation and tillage in Illinois, USA[J]. Agriculture, 2018, 8(3): 37.
[23]	Campbell C A, Janzen H H, Paustian K, et al. Carbon storage in soils of the North American great Plains: effect of cropping frequency[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2005, 97(2): 349-363.
[24]	杨滨娟, 孙丹平, 张颖睿, 等. 长江中游地区水旱复种轮作模式资源利用率比较研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(8):1197-1205.
	YANG Binjuan, SUN Danping, ZHANG Yingrui, et al. Comparative study on resource utilization rate of flood drought multiple cropping rotation model in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2018, 26(8): 1197-1205.
[25]	郭晓霞, 刘景辉, 田露, 等. 免耕轮作对内蒙古地区农田贮水特性和作物产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2012, 38(8):1504-1512.
	GUO Xiaoxia, LIU Jinghui, TIAN Lu, et al. Effects of no tillage rotation on farmland water storage characteristics and crop yield in Inner Mongolia[J]. Crops, 2012, 38(8): 1504-1512.
[26]	郭星宇, 王浩, 于琦, 等. 耕作对渭北旱塬小麦-玉米轮作田土壤水分和产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(14): 2977-2990. DOI
	GUO Xingyu, WANG Hao, YU Qi, et al. Effects of tillage on soil moisture and yield of wheat-maize rotation field in Weibei upland plateau[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(14): 2977-2990. DOI
[27]	张国伟, 王晓婧, 杨长琴, 等. 前茬作物秸秆还田下轮作模式和施肥对大豆产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(9): 1493-1501.
	ZHANG Guowei, WANG Xiaojing, YANG Changqin, et al. Effects of rotational pattern and fertilization application on soybean yield under straws returning of preceding crop[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(9): 1493-1501.
[28]	闫岩, 张钰石, 刘础荣, 等. 冬小麦-夏玉米轮作“双晚”种植模式下品种匹配与资源效率研究[J/OL]. 作物学报, 2021, 7 (1): 1-17.
	YAN Yan, ZHANG Yudan, LIU Churong, et al. Study on variety matching and resource efficiency under the "double late" planting mode of winter wheat summer maize rotation [J / OL]. Crops, 2021, 7(1): 1-17.
[29]	Varvel G E. Monoculture and rotation system effects on precipitation use efficiency of corn[J]. Agronomy Journal, 1994, 86(1): 204-208.
[30]	韩丽娜, 丁静, 韩清芳, 等. 黄土高原区草粮(油)翻耕轮作的土壤水分及作物产量效应[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(24): 129-137.
	HAN Lina, DING Jing, HAN Qingfang, et al. Effects of soil moisture and crop yield on grass-grain (oil) tillage rotation in Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(24): 129-137.
[31]	Schumacher L A, Grabau Z J, Wright D L, et al. Nematicide influence on cotton yield and plant-parasitic nematodes in conventional and sod-based crop rotation[J]. Journal of Nematology, 2020, 52: 1-14. DOI PMID
[32]	Chimonyo V G P, Snapp S S, Chikowo R. Grain legumes increase yield stability in maize based cropping systems[J]. Crop Science, 2019, 59(3): 1222-1235. DOI
[33]	徐文修, 罗明, 李银平, 等. 作物茬口对连作棉田土壤环境及棉花产量的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(3): 271-275.
	XU Wenxiu, LUO Ming, LI Yinping, et al. Effects of crop stubbles on cotton yield and soil environment in continuously cropped cotton field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2011, 27(3): 271-275.

棉花-花生轮作模式对土壤养分及其产量的影响

Effects of cotton-peanut rotation on the soil physicochemical properties and the yield of crop

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 33

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	苗红萍, 王晓伟, 田聪华, 李志, 张玉新, 戴俊生. 塔里木河流域棉花生产与布局演变特征及驱动因素分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 217-226.
[2]	王俊铎, 崔豫疆, 梁亚军, 龚照龙, 郑巨云, 李雪源. 新疆棉花生产优势区域分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 60-69.
[3]	郑巨云, 龚照龙, 梁亚军, 耿世伟, 孙丰磊, 阳妮, 李雪源, 王俊铎. 新疆机采棉花生产关键技术模式[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 70-74.
[4]	李杰, 刘佳, 王亮, 张娜, 杨延龙, 郑子漂, 魏鑫, 王萌, 周子馨, 阳妮, 龚照龙, 侯献飞, 黄启秀, 阿不都卡地尔·库尔班, 张济鹏, 张鹏忠. “棉、油、糖”科技成果转化现状及应用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 89-94.
[5]	扁青永, 付彦博, 祁通, 黄建, 蒲胜海, 孟阿静, 哈丽哈什·依巴提. 新疆南疆盐碱地棉花出苗影响因素及保苗措施分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 95-100.
[6]	李永泰, 高阿香, 李艳军, 张新宇. 脱叶剂对不同敏感性棉花品种生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2094-2102.
[7]	张泽华, 叶含春, 王振华, 李文昊, 李海强, 刘健. 等氮配施脲酶抑制剂对滴灌棉花生长发育和产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2103-2111.
[8]	陈瑞杰, 罗林毅, 阮向阳, 冶军. 腐植酸对滴灌棉田土壤养分和棉花产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2112-2121.
[9]	黄铂轩, 李鹏程, 郑苍松, 孙淼, 邵晶晶, 冯卫娜, 庞朝友, 徐文修, 董合林. 不同氮素抑制剂对棉花生长发育、氮素利用与产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2122-2131.
[10]	王超, 徐文修, 李鹏程, 郑苍松, 孙淼, 冯卫娜, 邵晶晶, 董合林. 棉花苗期生长发育对土壤速效钾水平的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2132-2139.
[11]	张鸟, 王卉, 冯国郡, 再吐尼古丽·库尔班. 不同粒用高粱品种产量和农艺性状及品质的差异性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2160-2167.
[12]	张帆, 陈晓露, 王洁, 侯献飞, 贾东海, 顾元国, 苗昊翠, 李强. 混合盐碱胁迫对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2168-2182.
[13]	张庭军, 李字辉, 崔豫疆, 孙孝贵, 陈芳. 微生物菌剂对棉花生长及土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2269-2276.
[14]	陈芳, 李字辉, 孙孝贵, 张庭军. 不同剂量的微生物菌剂对加工番茄产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2285-2289.
[15]	张承洁, 胡浩然, 段松江, 吴一帆, 张巨松. 氮肥与密度互作对海岛棉生长发育及产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(8): 1821-1830.