向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.010

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 607-614.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.010

向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征分析

李肖¹(), 陈永成¹, 黄嵘峥¹, 许平珠², 张凡凡¹(), 马春晖¹()

1.石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子 832000
2.新疆蓿之花草原生态有限公司,新疆哈巴河 836700

收稿日期:2023-08-05 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 张凡凡(1989-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)zhangfanfan@shzu.edu.cn;
马春晖(1966-),男,新疆哈密人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)chunhuima@126.com
作者简介:李肖(1998-),男,新疆伊犁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)744364871@qq.com
基金资助:
农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS);新疆维吾尔自治区优质饲草产业技术体系项目(2022XJSC-Z-02)

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of dominant lactic acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in sunflower By-Products

LI Xiao¹(), CHEN Yongcheng¹, HUANG Rongzheng¹, XU Pingzhu², ZHANG Fanfan¹(), MA Chunhui¹()

1. College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China
2. Xingjiang Xu zhihua Grassland Ecology Co.,Ltd,Habahe Xinjiang 836700,China

Received:2023-08-05 Published:2024-03-20 Online:2024-04-19
Supported by:
China Agriculture Research System(CARS);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region High-quality forage industry technology system project(2022XJSC-Z-02)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征,为向日葵副产物发酵饲料提供基础。【方法】 对向日葵副产物表面附着优势乳酸菌及纤维素分解菌进行分离、提取鉴定,并分析优势菌种生理生化特征。【结果】 分离出3株乳酸菌和4株纤维素分解菌。得到3株乳酸菌均为蒙氏肠球菌(Enterococcus mundtii)。4株纤维素分解菌中,菌株Z₂和Z₁₃为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),X₁₄为阿氏芽孢杆菌(Bacillus aryabhattai),X₄与解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。3株乳酸菌在4、10、30和45℃及3%和6.5%的NaCl条件下生长良好,在pH 3.5~9可生长,在pH 3环境下不生长;4株纤维素分解菌中透明圈直径(D)/菌落直径(d)比值和酶活性按大小排序均为解淀粉芽孢杆菌>贝莱斯芽孢杆菌>阿氏芽孢杆菌。【结论】 蒙氏肠球菌具有较强耐盐能力且温度适应范围广,但其产酸能力明显弱于植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);4株纤维素分解菌在CMC糖化酶活力、滤纸酶活性及向日葵副产物的实际失重率中,接种解淀粉芽孢杆菌效果最优。

关键词: 向日葵副产物; 乳酸菌; 纤维素分解菌; 分离; 鉴定; 酶活性

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to provide a basis for fermented feeds by sunflower by-products.【Methods】 The dominant lactic acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria attached to the surface of sunflower by-products were isolated,extracted and identified,and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the dominant bacteria were analyzed.【Results】 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria and 4 strains of cellulolytic bacteria were isolated.The 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria obtained were Enterococcus mundtii.Among the 4 strains of cellulolytic bacteria,strains Z₂ and Z₁₃ were Bacillus velezensis,X₁₄ was Bacillus aryabhattai,and X₄ was Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.3 strains of lactic acid bacteria grew well under the conditions of 4,10,30 and 45℃,3% and 6.5% NaCl,grew at pH 3.5-9,and did not grow at pH3; among the 4 strains of cellulolytic bacteria,the ratio of transparent circle diameter(D)/colony diameter(d) and enzyme activity in order of size were Bacillus amyloliquefaciens > Bacillus velezensis > Bacillus aryabhattai.【Conclusion】 Enterococcus mundtii has strong salt tolerance and a wide range of temperature adaptation,but its acid-producing ability is significantly weaker than that of Lactobacillus plantarum.In the actual weight loss rate of the product,the effect of inoculation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the best.

Key words: sunflower byproduct; lactic acid bacteria; cellulolytic bacteria; isolation; identification; enzymatic activity

中图分类号:

S188

李肖, 陈永成, 黄嵘峥, 许平珠, 张凡凡, 马春晖. 向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 607-614.

LI Xiao, CHEN Yongcheng, HUANG Rongzheng, XU Pingzhu, ZHANG Fanfan, MA Chunhui. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of dominant lactic acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in sunflower By-Products[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 607-614.

图/表 6

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摘要

项目Items	X₁₂	X₁₃	Z₅	LP1	项目Items	X₁₂	X₁₃	Z₅	LP1
产酸Acidproduction	+	+	+	+	葡萄糖Glucose	+	+	+	+
产气Aerogenesis	-	-	-	-	乳糖Lactose	+	+	+	+
发酵类型Fermentation type	同型Homo				木糖Xylose	+	+	+	+
4℃	+	+	+	w	棉子糖Raffinose	+	+	+	+
10℃	+	+	+	++	蔗糖Sucrose	+	+	+	+
30℃	+	+	+	++	甘露糖Mannose	+	+	+	+
45℃	+	+	+	+	山梨醇Sorbitol	+	+	+	+
3%NaCl	+	+	+	+	鼠李糖Rhamnose	w	w	w	-
6.5%NaCl	+	+	+	+	松三糖Melezitose	-	-	-	+
pH 3	-	-	-	-	纤维二糖Cellobiose	+	+	+	+
pH 3.5	w	w	w	w	七叶苷Esculin	+	+	+	+
pH 4	+	+	+	+	蜜二糖Melibiose	w	w	w	+
pH 5	+	+	+	++	果糖Fructose	+	+	+	+
pH 6	+	+	+	++	海藻糖Trehalose	+	+	+	+
pH 7	+	+	+	++	甘露醇Mannitol	+	+	+	+
pH 8	+	+	+	++	麦芽糖Maltose	+	+	+	+
pH 9	+	+	+	++	麦芽糖Maltose	+	+	+	+

项目Items	X₁₂	X₁₃	Z₅	LP1	项目Items	X₁₂	X₁₃	Z₅	LP1
产酸Acidproduction	+	+	+	+	葡萄糖Glucose	+	+	+	+
产气Aerogenesis	-	-	-	-	乳糖Lactose	+	+	+	+
发酵类型Fermentation type	同型Homo				木糖Xylose	+	+	+	+
4℃	+	+	+	w	棉子糖Raffinose	+	+	+	+
10℃	+	+	+	++	蔗糖Sucrose	+	+	+	+
30℃	+	+	+	++	甘露糖Mannose	+	+	+	+
45℃	+	+	+	+	山梨醇Sorbitol	+	+	+	+
3%NaCl	+	+	+	+	鼠李糖Rhamnose	w	w	w	-
6.5%NaCl	+	+	+	+	松三糖Melezitose	-	-	-	+
pH 3	-	-	-	-	纤维二糖Cellobiose	+	+	+	+
pH 3.5	w	w	w	w	七叶苷Esculin	+	+	+	+
pH 4	+	+	+	+	蜜二糖Melibiose	w	w	w	+
pH 5	+	+	+	++	果糖Fructose	+	+	+	+
pH 6	+	+	+	++	海藻糖Trehalose	+	+	+	+
pH 7	+	+	+	++	甘露醇Mannitol	+	+	+	+
pH 8	+	+	+	++	麦芽糖Maltose	+	+	+	+
pH 9	+	+	+	++	麦芽糖Maltose	+	+	+	+

菌株 Strain and number	基因库存取号 Accession number	近源种 Closest related strain	与GenBank 中近源种的相似性 Similarity with the closest described species in Genbank(%)
X₁₂	OM841487	蒙氏肠球菌 Enterococcus mundtii	100
X₁₃	OL98461	蒙氏肠球菌 Enterococcus mundtii	99.89
Z₅	OM102992	蒙氏肠球菌 Enterococcus mundtii	100
X₄	OL774703	解淀粉芽孢杆菌 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	99.89
X₁₄	OM856838	阿氏芽孢杆菌 Bacillus aryabhattai	99.89
Z₂	OL889917	贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 Bacillus velezensis	100
Z₁₃	OL889918	贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 Bacillus velezensis	100

菌株 Strain and number	基因库存取号 Accession number	近源种 Closest related strain	与GenBank 中近源种的相似性 Similarity with the closest described species in Genbank(%)
X₁₂	OM841487	蒙氏肠球菌 Enterococcus mundtii	100
X₁₃	OL98461	蒙氏肠球菌 Enterococcus mundtii	99.89
Z₅	OM102992	蒙氏肠球菌 Enterococcus mundtii	100
X₄	OL774703	解淀粉芽孢杆菌 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	99.89
X₁₄	OM856838	阿氏芽孢杆菌 Bacillus aryabhattai	99.89
Z₂	OL889917	贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 Bacillus velezensis	100
Z₁₃	OL889918	贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 Bacillus velezensis	100

菌株 Strain and number	菌种名称 The name of thestrain	透明圈直径D (cm)	菌落直径d (cm)	D/d值
X₄	解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	2.10±0.03^a	0.93±0.01^a	2.25±0.06^a
X₁₄	阿氏芽孢杆菌Bacillus aryabhattai	0.63±0.02^b	0.51±0.01^b	0.81±0.01^b
Z₂	贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis	0.76±0.01^c	0.44±0.01^c	1.72±0.05^c
Z₁₃	贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis	0.79±0.02_c	0.46±0.01_c	1.72±0.01_c

向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征分析

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of dominant lactic acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in sunflower By-Products

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