60Co-γ射线对不同无花果品种一年生枝条的辐射效应分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.02.013

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 373-381.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.02.013

• 园艺特产·土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

⁶⁰Co-γ射线对不同无花果品种一年生枝条的辐射效应分析

巴哈依丁·吾甫尔¹(), 阿布来克·尼牙孜¹, 胡西旦·买买提¹, 吕小龙², 王浩淼³, 马会勤³()

1.新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所,新疆吐鲁番 838000
2.中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011
3.中国农业大学园艺学院,北京 100193

收稿日期:2023-06-22 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-03-19
通信作者: 马会勤(1970-),女,北京人,教授,博士,研究方向为葡萄和无花果分子育种,(E-mail)hqma@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:巴哈依丁·吾甫尔(1977-),男,新疆吐鲁番人,高级农艺师,研究方向为果树栽培与育种,(E-mail)1102667692qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目“60Co-γ辐射诱变技术在无花果种质资源创新中的应用研究”(2021D01A108)

Mutagenesis effect of ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation on the annual branches of different fig varieties

Bahayiding Wupuer¹(), Abulaike Niyazi¹, Huxidan Maimaiti¹, LYU Xiaolong², WANG Haomiao³, MA Huiqin³()

1. Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Turpan, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Turpan Xinjiang 838000, China
2. Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011, China
3. College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China

Received:2023-06-22 Published:2024-02-20 Online:2024-03-19
Supported by:
Natural Science foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Application of 60Co-γ radiation mutagenesis technology in innovation of fig germplasm resources."(2021D01A108)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究⁶⁰Co-γ射线对不同无花果品种一年生枝条死亡率、抗氧化酶活性等相关理化指标的影响,确定最佳辐射诱变剂量,为利用⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射诱变技术提高无花果遗传多样性、创造新种质、培育优良新品种提供科学依据。【方法】以无花果品种布兰瑞克和中华紫果一年生休眠枝为试材,采用⁶⁰Co-γ射线为辐照源,设置不同剂量0、30、45、60、75 Gy的辐射处理,分析辐照引起枝叶死亡率、酶活性等变化。【结果】随着辐射剂量的增加,2个无花果品种扦插苗成活率呈下降趋势,株高、茎粗、节间长度、叶片长度、叶片宽度和分枝数指标呈下降趋势,叶片长宽比差异不显著。中华紫果品种的SOD、POD、CAT等酶活性均呈现先增后减的趋势,分别在45、60 Gy剂量时达到峰值,MDA含量呈现一直上升趋势,H₂O₂含量呈现先增后降趋势。布兰瑞克品种的SOD、POD、CAT酶活性,随着辐射剂量的增加均呈现先降后增趋势。MDA、H₂O₂含量基本保持上升趋势。【结论】辐射导致无花果扦插苗幼苗生长缓慢、株高矮化、茎粗变细、叶片变小、分枝减少。中华紫果的半致死辐射剂量为56 Gy,布兰瑞克为70 Gy,布兰瑞克对辐射的耐受性高于中华紫果。

关键词: ⁶⁰Co-γ射线; 无花果; 辐射效应; 酶活性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the influence of⁶⁰Co-γ radiation on the mortality rate, antioxidant enzyme activity and other related physical and chemical indexes of annual cuttings of different fig varieties, and determine the best mutagenic dosage.This study has provided a scientific theoretical basis for the future use of ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation mutagenesis to improve the genetic diversity of fig, create new germplasm and cultivate new excellent varieties.【Methods】 The annual dormant branches of Brunswick and Zhonghuaziguo were used as test materials, and ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation as the irradiation source, different dosages(0, 30, 45, 60, 75 Gy)for radiation treatment were set to observe the changes in the death rate and enzyme activity of branches and leaves caused by irradiation.【Results】 With the increase of radiation dosage, the survival rate of cutting seedlings of the two varieties showed a downward trend, and the indexes of plant height, stem diameter, internode length, leaf length, leaf width and branch number showed a downward trend, while the difference of leaf length-width ratio was not significant. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and other enzymes of Zhonghuaziguo varieties showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, reaching the peak at the dosage of 45 and 60 Gy, respectively, MDA content showed a trend of increasing all the time, and H₂O₂ content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes of Brunswick varieties decreased first and then increased with the increase of radiation dose. The content of MDA and H₂O₂ basically kept rising. 【Conclusion】 Radiation leads to slow growth of fig cutting seedlings, dwarf plant height, coarse and thin stem and leaves, smaller leaves and fewer branches. It is preliminarily determined that the appropriate half lethal dose of Zhonghuaziguo is 56 Gy, and that of Brunswick is 70 Gy. The radiation tolerance of Brunswick is higher than that of Zhonghuaziguo.

Key words: ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation; fig; irradiation effect; enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S663.3

巴哈依丁·吾甫尔, 阿布来克·尼牙孜, 胡西旦·买买提, 吕小龙, 王浩淼, 马会勤. ⁶⁰Co-γ射线对不同无花果品种一年生枝条的辐射效应分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(2): 373-381.

Bahayiding Wupuer, Abulaike Niyazi, Huxidan Maimaiti, LYU Xiaolong, WANG Haomiao, MA Huiqin. Mutagenesis effect of ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation on the annual branches of different fig varieties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(2): 373-381.

图/表 7

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辐射剂量 Irradiation Dosage (Gy)	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (cm)	节间长度 Panel length (cm)	叶片长度 Leaf length (cm)	叶片宽度 Leaf width (cm)	叶片长度/宽度 Length/width ratio
0	108.9±3.950^Aa	2.1±0.100^Aa	3.5±1.802^Aa	19.4±1.006^Aa	19.5±1.802^Aa	0.99±0.087^Aa
30	98.7±2.805^Bb	1.8±0.577^Bb	3.2±0.750^Bb	17.5±0.866^ABb	17.3±0.750^ABab	1.01±0.076^Aa
45	96.3±3.583^Bb	1.8±0.577^Bb	3.1±0.288^Bb	17.3±0.251^ABb	17.7±0.288^ABab	0.97±0.230^Aa
60	84.5±1.101^Cc	1.5±0.577^Cc	3.1±1 582^Bb	17.7±0.416^ABb	16.0±1.582^Bbc	1.11±0.185^Aa
75	69.8±2.020^Dd	1.2±0.152^Dd	2.9±1.305^Cc	15.8±1.124^Bc	14.4±1.305^Bc	1.10±0.026^Aa

辐射剂量 Irradiation Dosage (Gy)	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (cm)	节间长度 Panel length (cm)	叶片长度 Leaf length (cm)	叶片宽度 Leaf width (cm)	叶片长度/宽度 Length/width ratio
0	108.9±3.950^Aa	2.1±0.100^Aa	3.5±1.802^Aa	19.4±1.006^Aa	19.5±1.802^Aa	0.99±0.087^Aa
30	98.7±2.805^Bb	1.8±0.577^Bb	3.2±0.750^Bb	17.5±0.866^ABb	17.3±0.750^ABab	1.01±0.076^Aa
45	96.3±3.583^Bb	1.8±0.577^Bb	3.1±0.288^Bb	17.3±0.251^ABb	17.7±0.288^ABab	0.97±0.230^Aa
60	84.5±1.101^Cc	1.5±0.577^Cc	3.1±1 582^Bb	17.7±0.416^ABb	16.0±1.582^Bbc	1.11±0.185^Aa
75	69.8±2.020^Dd	1.2±0.152^Dd	2.9±1.305^Cc	15.8±1.124^Bc	14.4±1.305^Bc	1.10±0.026^Aa

辐射剂量 Irradiation Dosage (Gy)	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (cm)	节间长度 Panel length (cm)	叶片长度 Leaf length (cm)	叶片宽度 Leaf width (cm)	叶片长度/宽度 Length/width ratio
0	97.4±1.289^Aa	1.8±0.090^Aa	3.6±1.724^Aa	17.0±0.288^Aa	18.8±0.763^Aa	0.91±0.023^Aa
30	88.1±1.553^Bb	1.5±0.051^Bb	3.5±0.600^Ab	16.3±0.500^ABa	18.3±0.929^ABa	0.91±0.020^Aa
45	86.3±0.888^Bbc	1.5±0.100^Bbc	3.5±0.692^Abc	15.2±0.723^ABCab	16.6±1.126^ABab	0.92±0.061^Aa
60	71.9±3.106^Cc	1.3±0.100^Ccd	3.4±0.125^Ac	13.4±0.832^BCbc	14.7±1.644^BCbc	0.92±0.046^Aa
75	51.5±1.929^Dd	1.1±0.057^Dd	3.3±0.321^Ac	12.1±0.730^Cc	12.5±1.965^Cc	0.95±0.057^Aa

辐射剂量 Irradiation Dosage (Gy)	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (cm)	节间长度 Panel length (cm)	叶片长度 Leaf length (cm)	叶片宽度 Leaf width (cm)	叶片长度/宽度 Length/width ratio
0	97.4±1.289^Aa	1.8±0.090^Aa	3.6±1.724^Aa	17.0±0.288^Aa	18.8±0.763^Aa	0.91±0.023^Aa
30	88.1±1.553^Bb	1.5±0.051^Bb	3.5±0.600^Ab	16.3±0.500^ABa	18.3±0.929^ABa	0.91±0.020^Aa
45	86.3±0.888^Bbc	1.5±0.100^Bbc	3.5±0.692^Abc	15.2±0.723^ABCab	16.6±1.126^ABab	0.92±0.061^Aa
60	71.9±3.106^Cc	1.3±0.100^Ccd	3.4±0.125^Ac	13.4±0.832^BCbc	14.7±1.644^BCbc	0.92±0.046^Aa
75	51.5±1.929^Dd	1.1±0.057^Dd	3.3±0.321^Ac	12.1±0.730^Cc	12.5±1.965^Cc	0.95±0.057^Aa

品种 Variety	模型 Model	非标准化系数 Unstandardized coefficients		Beta	t	显著性 Sig
品种 Variety	模型 Model	B	标准误差 Std.Error	Beta	t	显著性 Sig
布兰瑞克 Brunswick	1(常量)	94.411	1.556	0.984	60.684	0.000
布兰瑞克 Brunswick	辐射剂量	-0.638	0.032	0.984	-20.215	0.000
中华紫果 Zhonghuaziguo	1(常量)	102.998	4.953	-0.933	20.795	0.000
中华紫果 Zhonghuaziguo	辐射剂量	-0.940	0.100	-0.933	-9.351	0.000

⁶⁰Co-γ射线对不同无花果品种一年生枝条的辐射效应分析

Mutagenesis effect of ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation on the annual branches of different fig varieties

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Metrics

品种 Variety	辐射剂量 Irradiation Dosege (Gy)	插条数 Number of Cuttings	成活数 Number of survivals	成活率 Survival rate (%)
布兰瑞克 Brunswick	0	98	90	91.9±1.645^Aa
	30	55	43	78.2±0.669^Bb
	45	66	44	66.7±2.621^Cc
	60	72	42	58.3±4.165^Dd
	75	65	28	43.1±2.278^Ee
中华紫果 Zhonghuaziguo	0	80	74	92.5±0.162^Aa
	30	66	58	87.8±2.710^Aa
	45	77	51	66.2±2.710^Bb
	60	74	36	48.6±2.407^Cc
	75	76	17	22.4±3.995^Dd

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