水分胁迫对陆地棉生长发育的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (8): 1821-1830.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.001

• 作物遗传育种·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

水分胁迫对陆地棉生长发育的影响

郑子漂(), 徐海江(), 崔建平, 林涛, 郭仁松, 王亮, 张大伟, 魏鑫, 孔繁阳

新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2021-11-01 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-10-01
通信作者: 徐海江（1977-）,男,新疆和硕人,研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为棉花遗传育种与高效栽培,（E-mail） xhj863@163.com
作者简介:郑子漂（1991-）,男,福建尤溪人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为棉花遗传育种与高效栽培,（E-mail） zzpn001@126.com
基金资助:
国家棉花产业技术体系喀什综合试验站(CARS-15-52);新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所青年科技骨干培养项目(JZRC2019Q03);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2020011);棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2020A22);国家自然科学基金(31860358);农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项(201503117)

Effects of Water Stress on Growth and Development in Cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.）

ZHENG Zipiao(), XU Haijiang(), CUI Jianping, LIN Tao, GUO Rensong, WANG Liang, ZHANG Dawei, WEI Xin, KONG fanyang

Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091,China

Received:2021-11-01 Published:2022-08-20 Online:2022-10-01
Correspondence author: XU Haijiang（1977- ）,male,native place: He Shuo,Xinjiang. Researcher,Master,research field: Cotton breeding and high yield cultivation,（E-mail） xhj863@163.com
Supported by:
Kashgar Comprehensive Experimental Station,National Cotton Industry Technology System(CARS-15-52);Youth Science and Technology Backbone Training Project,Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(JZRC2019Q03);Youth Science and Technology Backbone Innovation Ability Training Project,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkq-2020011);State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund(CB2020A22);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860358);Public Welfare Industry（Agriculture） Research,China's Ministry of Agriculture(201503117)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究水分胁迫对不同棉花品种生长发育的影响,筛选出抗旱种质资源,为棉花抗旱新品种选育提供依据。【方法】以11份陆地棉品种（系）为材料,设置正常灌水（3 600 m³/hm²）与水分胁迫（1 800 m³/hm²）2个处理,研究陆地棉在水分胁迫与正常灌水下生育进程、形态指标、干物质积累、抗氧化酶活性变化以及产量构成因素的差异。【结果】参试材料生育期缩短1~5 d;棉花生育期缺水抑制了棉花植株的生长,果枝量减少、单株铃数降低;水分胁迫下参试材料棉株干物质积累量在蕾期、花铃期、絮期分别下降0.70 、5.68、2.18 g/株。有效铃数减少0.89g/株,单铃重平均下降0.23 g,籽棉减产幅度达到1.93%~37.14%。水分胁迫下11个参试品种（系）的抗氧化酶活性发生变化,3个参试品种（系）的SOD、POD、CAT活性均升高。【结论】参试材料9号、2号在水分胁迫下生长发育情况较好,棉花减产不显著,为抗旱性较好的棉花品种。

关键词: 干旱胁迫; 陆地棉; 干物质积累; 抗氧化酶活性; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim was to study the effect of water stress on growth and development in different cotton varieties,selected drought-resistant germplasm resources. It can help providing reference for drought-resistant breed selection. 【Method】 Eleven cotton varieties（strains） were used to investigate under normal irrigation（3,600 m³/hm²） and water stress（1,800 m³/hm²） condition,which for exploring the diversity of growth progress,morphological indexes,dry matter accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity change and yield components. 【Result】 Water stress accelerated the growth progress of cotton,growth stages reduced 1-5 days of eleven cotton varieties（strains）. The lack of water inhibited the growth of cotton plant,which also resulted in a decrease of fruit branch and bud number. Under the water stress condition,dry matter accumulation per plant reduced 0.70 g,5.68 g and 2.18 g in seedling stage,boll forming stage and boll opening stage. At the same time,the number of effective bolls per plant and the single boll weight decreased by 0.89 and 0.23 g. The reduction of seed cotton yield ranged from 1.93% to 37.14%. Antioxidant enzyme activity changed of eleven cotton varieties（strains）,the activity of SOD,POD,CAT all went up of three cotton varieties（strains） Under water stress. 【Conclusion】 Considered all experimental varieties performance of growth progress,agronomic characters,dry matter accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity change and yield characters,we found that the Growth and Development of number 9 and 2 were better under the water stress condition. And its yield reduction was insignificant. Cotton varieties 9 and 2 had the better drought resistance under the test condition.

Key words: water stress; cotton; dry matter accumulation; antioxidant enzyme activity; yield

中图分类号:

S562

郑子漂, 徐海江, 崔建平, 林涛, 郭仁松, 王亮, 张大伟, 魏鑫, 孔繁阳. 水分胁迫对陆地棉生长发育的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 1821-1830.

ZHENG Zipiao, XU Haijiang, CUI Jianping, LIN Tao, GUO Rensong, WANG Liang, ZHANG Dawei, WEI Xin, KONG fanyang. Effects of Water Stress on Growth and Development in Cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.）[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 1821-1830.

图/表 6

参考文献 36

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编号 Code	品种名称 Cotton varieties	来源 Source
1	新陆中75号	推广品种
2	AW1431	自育品系
3	J206-5	推广品种
4	AW1443	自育品系
5	新陆中54号	推广品种
6	ZJL1119	自育品系
7	新陆中71号	推广品种
8	ZJL1413	自育品系
9	3D12003	引进品系
10	巴43497	引进品系
11	MS1603	引进品系

编号 Code	品种名称 Cotton varieties	来源 Source
1	新陆中75号	推广品种
2	AW1431	自育品系
3	J206-5	推广品种
4	AW1443	自育品系
5	新陆中54号	推广品种
6	ZJL1119	自育品系
7	新陆中71号	推广品种
8	ZJL1413	自育品系
9	3D12003	引进品系
10	巴43497	引进品系
11	MS1603	引进品系

处理 Treatment	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	蕾期 Seedling stage			花铃期 Boll forming stage			吐絮期 Boll opening stage
处理 Treatment	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	株高 Plant height （cm）	果枝数 Fruit branch （台）	蕾数 Bud number （个）	株高 Plant height （cm）	果枝数 Fruit branch （台）	花/蕾/铃数 Bud/flower/boll number（个）	株高 Plant height （cm）	果枝数 Fruit branch （台）	铃数 Bud number （个）
正常灌水 Normal irrigation	1	52.35^abcd	5.09^a	6.16^a	71.07^abcd	8.40^abc	11.42^cde	77.60^ab	8.85^abcde	5.17^abcde
	2	45.63^bcd	4.55^ab	5.70^a	56.13^ef	8.61^abcde	10.59^cde	66.40^bcdef	9.02^abcd	4.53^bcde
	3	45.76^bcde	4.44^ab	5.37^ab	62.00^bcdef	8.45^abcde	15.71^ab	69.00^bcdef	8.44^bcde	5.56^abcde
	4	45.74^bcde	4.98^a	6.06^a	69.02^abcd	8.52^abcde	11.73^bcd	75.73^ab	9.09^abcde	5.13^abcde
	5	42.66^bcde	4.21^abcd	5.41^abc	62.67^abcdef	8.69^abcd	11.58^cde	71.73^bcd	9.54^ab	6.65^ab
	6	52.71^abc	4.59^ab	5.70^a	71.87^abc	9.59^a	17.33^a	84.13^a	9.97^a	6.34^abc
	7	49.40^bcde	4.81^a	5.60^a	59.60^bcdef	6.72^e	15.07^abc	68.40^bcdef	8.46^abcde	4.93^abcd
	8	54.36^ab	4.51^ab	5.50^abc	74.25^ab	7.41^cde	7.04^fg	83.13^a	9.31^abc	5.40^abcde
	9	48.45^bcde	4.64^a	5.75^a	62.47^abcde	8.21^abcde	12.48^bcd	66.07^cdefg	8.70^abcde	6.20^abcd
	10	37.87^ef	4.73^ab	6.64^a	51.00^efgh	7.12^cde	9.22^defg	59.13^efgh	8.74^abcde	5.20^abcde
	11	42.03^cde	4.63^ab	6.18^a	56.00^def	9.08^ab	11.12^cde	69.67^bcde	9.16^abc	7.06^a
水分胁迫 Water stress	1	42.14^bcde	4.81^ab	6.80^a	56.87^cdef	7.88^bcde	11.01^def	65.40^cdefg	8.05^cde	4.40^bcde
	2	38.11^de	4.81^a	6.28^a	54.00^ef	7.56^cde	11.01^def	55.83^gh	8.41^bcde	4.47^bcde
	3	41.36^bcde	4.21^abcd	4.78^abcd	40.53^gh	4.30^f	11.08^cde	64.87^defg	8.78^abcde	5.35^abcde
	4	38.34^de	3.34^bcde	3.20^cd	53.80^efg	7.33^bcde	9.79^defg	64.47^defg	8.14^bcde	3.34^e
	5	40.11^de	4.12^abcd	4.71^abcd	51.07^efgh	7.87^bcde	6.57^fg	57.60^fgh	8.44^abcde	5.13^abcde
	6	40.74^de	2.82^de	3.38^bcd	37.87^h	2.85^f	11.51^def	70.67^bcd	7.93^bcde	5.62^abcd
	7	38.37^ef	2.87^cde	3.07^d	52.20^efgh	7.80^bcde	8.66^defg	61.07^defgh	8.06^cde	3.95^de
	8	64.84^a	3.83^abcde	4.59^abcd	76.67^a	7.63^cde	7.91^efg	76.70^abc	7.90^cde	4.23^cde
	9	46.79^bcde	5.20^a	5.55^a	52.07^efgh	6.92^de	9.90^def	64.27^defg	7.55^abcde	5.75^abcde
	10	26.57^f	2.70^e	2.87^d	49.73^fgh	7.12^cde	7.96^efg	50.07^h	7.79^e	4.18^cde
	11	42.81^bcde	4.25^abc	5.00^abcd	62.27^abcdef	7.85^bcde	10.83^def	63.20^defg	7.63^de	6.00^abcd

处理 Treatment	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	蕾期 Seedling stage			花铃期 Boll forming stage			吐絮期 Boll opening stage
处理 Treatment	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	株高 Plant height （cm）	果枝数 Fruit branch （台）	蕾数 Bud number （个）	株高 Plant height （cm）	果枝数 Fruit branch （台）	花/蕾/铃数 Bud/flower/boll number（个）	株高 Plant height （cm）	果枝数 Fruit branch （台）	铃数 Bud number （个）
正常灌水 Normal irrigation	1	52.35^abcd	5.09^a	6.16^a	71.07^abcd	8.40^abc	11.42^cde	77.60^ab	8.85^abcde	5.17^abcde
	2	45.63^bcd	4.55^ab	5.70^a	56.13^ef	8.61^abcde	10.59^cde	66.40^bcdef	9.02^abcd	4.53^bcde
	3	45.76^bcde	4.44^ab	5.37^ab	62.00^bcdef	8.45^abcde	15.71^ab	69.00^bcdef	8.44^bcde	5.56^abcde
	4	45.74^bcde	4.98^a	6.06^a	69.02^abcd	8.52^abcde	11.73^bcd	75.73^ab	9.09^abcde	5.13^abcde
	5	42.66^bcde	4.21^abcd	5.41^abc	62.67^abcdef	8.69^abcd	11.58^cde	71.73^bcd	9.54^ab	6.65^ab
	6	52.71^abc	4.59^ab	5.70^a	71.87^abc	9.59^a	17.33^a	84.13^a	9.97^a	6.34^abc
	7	49.40^bcde	4.81^a	5.60^a	59.60^bcdef	6.72^e	15.07^abc	68.40^bcdef	8.46^abcde	4.93^abcd
	8	54.36^ab	4.51^ab	5.50^abc	74.25^ab	7.41^cde	7.04^fg	83.13^a	9.31^abc	5.40^abcde
	9	48.45^bcde	4.64^a	5.75^a	62.47^abcde	8.21^abcde	12.48^bcd	66.07^cdefg	8.70^abcde	6.20^abcd
	10	37.87^ef	4.73^ab	6.64^a	51.00^efgh	7.12^cde	9.22^defg	59.13^efgh	8.74^abcde	5.20^abcde
	11	42.03^cde	4.63^ab	6.18^a	56.00^def	9.08^ab	11.12^cde	69.67^bcde	9.16^abc	7.06^a
水分胁迫 Water stress	1	42.14^bcde	4.81^ab	6.80^a	56.87^cdef	7.88^bcde	11.01^def	65.40^cdefg	8.05^cde	4.40^bcde
	2	38.11^de	4.81^a	6.28^a	54.00^ef	7.56^cde	11.01^def	55.83^gh	8.41^bcde	4.47^bcde
	3	41.36^bcde	4.21^abcd	4.78^abcd	40.53^gh	4.30^f	11.08^cde	64.87^defg	8.78^abcde	5.35^abcde
	4	38.34^de	3.34^bcde	3.20^cd	53.80^efg	7.33^bcde	9.79^defg	64.47^defg	8.14^bcde	3.34^e
	5	40.11^de	4.12^abcd	4.71^abcd	51.07^efgh	7.87^bcde	6.57^fg	57.60^fgh	8.44^abcde	5.13^abcde
	6	40.74^de	2.82^de	3.38^bcd	37.87^h	2.85^f	11.51^def	70.67^bcd	7.93^bcde	5.62^abcd
	7	38.37^ef	2.87^cde	3.07^d	52.20^efgh	7.80^bcde	8.66^defg	61.07^defgh	8.06^cde	3.95^de
	8	64.84^a	3.83^abcde	4.59^abcd	76.67^a	7.63^cde	7.91^efg	76.70^abc	7.90^cde	4.23^cde
	9	46.79^bcde	5.20^a	5.55^a	52.07^efgh	6.92^de	9.90^def	64.27^defg	7.55^abcde	5.75^abcde
	10	26.57^f	2.70^e	2.87^d	49.73^fgh	7.12^cde	7.96^efg	50.07^h	7.79^e	4.18^cde
	11	42.81^bcde	4.25^abc	5.00^abcd	62.27^abcdef	7.85^bcde	10.83^def	63.20^defg	7.63^de	6.00^abcd

理 Treatment	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	蕾期 Seedling stage			花铃期 Boll forming stage			吐絮期 Boll opening stage
理 Treatment	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	营养器官 Vegetative organs （g/株）	生殖器官 Reproductive organs （g/株）	单株干物质 Dry matter per plant （g/株）	营养器官 Vegetative organs （g/株）	生殖器官 Reproductive organs （g/株）	单株干物质 Dry matter per plant （g/株）	营养器官 Vegetative organs （g/株）	生殖器官 Reproductive organs （g/株）	单株干物质 Dry matter per plant （g/株）
正常灌水 Normal irrigation	1	19.26	0.75	20.01^bcd	61.28	23.08	84.35^abcde	59.65	75.67	135.32^abcde
	2	19.44	0.79	20.23^bcd	54.43	27.52	81.95^abcde	45.00	81.24	126.24^bcde
	3	18.03	0.38	18.41^cde	70.89	23.21	94.10^abc	47.80	89.94	137.74^abcde
	4	21.81	0.62	22.43^abc	57.88	23.38	81.26^abcde	68.84	102.36	171.21^ab
	5	20.30	0.53	20.84^abcd	56.01	17.07	73.08^bcde	70.05	112.19	182.24^a
	6	19.39	0.37	19.77^bcde	62.72	28.03	90.75^ab	62.98	83.16	146.15^abc
	7	18.22	0.52	18.75^cde	51.43	21.38	72.81^cdef	46.46	59.08	105.54^cde
	8	21.91	0.50	22.41^abc	59.94	31.07	91.01^abcd	68.54	74.78	143.32^abcd
	9	24.34	1.09	25.43^ab	50.14	26.68	76.83^bcde	40.73	54.72	95.45^e
	10	14.58	0.52	15.09^de	45.25	29.28	74.52^bcde	37.72	56.59	94.31^e
	11	18.72	0.72	19.45^bcde	59.96	21.97	81.93^abcde	62.54	96.77	159.31^ab
水分胁迫 Water stress	1	20.00	0.79	20.79^bcd	44.92	24.02	68.93^ef	67.67	65.22	132.90^bcde
	2	18.51	0.85	19.35^cde	46.02	27.36	73.38^bcdef	32.83	66.57	99.40^de
	3	18.62	0.69	19.30^cde	52.59	22.31	74.91^bcde	43.84	82.93	126.78^bcde
	4	19.36	1.01	20.36^bcd	35.48	17.29	52.76^f	52.98	87.47	140.45^abcde
	5	20.69	0.91	21.60^abcd	47.77	24.46	72.23^cdef	44.34	60.45	104.79^cde
	6	18.55	0.53	19.09^cde	68.14	26.63	94.77^a	63.36	64.65	128.01^bcde
	7	17.25	0.34	17.59^cde	50.45	20.05	70.50^def	57.13	48.72	105.85^cde
	8	18.03	0.42	18.45^cde	65.13	31.77	96.90^a	70.65	58.59	129.24^bcde
	9	25.98	1.03	27.01^a	50.05	28.20	78.25^bcde	40.09	53.58	93.67^e
	10	12.34	0.66	13.00^e	43.60	26.99	70.59^def	39.30	61.54	100.84^de
	11	18.99	0.81	19.80^bcd	63.35	22.27	85.62^abcde	74.14	82.42	156.56^ab

水分胁迫对陆地棉生长发育的影响

Effects of Water Stress on Growth and Development in Cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.）

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Metrics

品种（系） Cotton varieties（strains）	相对SOD活性 The relative value of SOD activity	相对POD活性 The relative value of POD activity	相对CAT活性 The relative value of CAT activity
1	0.81^cd	1.00^bcd	1.09^a
2	1.07^bc	1.02^bcd	1.26^a
3	1.02^bc	1.04b^cd	1.27^a
4	1.58^a	1.76^a	0.87^a
5	0.64^d	0.65^d	1.40^a
6	0.86^cd	1.37^abc	1.34^a
7	0.96^c	0.85^cd	1.21^a
8	0.85^cd	2.05^a	1.11^a
9	1.27^ab	1.02b^cd	1.23^a
10	0.95^c	0.79^d	1.26^a
11	1.45^a	1.51^ab	0.99^a

处理 Treatments	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	收获株数 Plant number （10⁴株/hm²）	有效铃数 Boll number per plant （个/株）	单铃重 Single boll weight （g）	衣分 Lint percentage （%）	籽棉产量 Seed Cotton yield （kg/hm²）
正常灌水 Normal irrigation	1	21.45	5.17	5.60	43.37	4 328.52^cdefg
	2	21.60	4.53	5.67	48.13	4 195.56^cdefg
	3	22.95	5.56	6.50	46.91	5 822.55^abcd
	4	21.90	5.13	4.79	43.39	3 756.96^fg
	5	22.95	6.65	5.96	47.11	6 242.92^ab
	6	21.90	6.34	5.85	47.41	5 929.75^abc
	7	22.80	4.93	6.45	46.36	5 052.83^abcdef
	8	23.10	5.40	5.59	43.85	4 467.71^cdefg
	9	23.10	6.20	5.24	43.85	4 599.47^abcdefg
	10	21.90	5.20	5.64	48.08	4 033.47^efg
	11	21.60	7.06	5.94	44.09	6 384.65^a
水分胁迫 Water stress	1	23.10	4.40	5.47	42.58	3 786.77^fg
	2	22.80	4.47	5.34	48.93	3 861.00^fg
	3	23.25	5.35	6.35	46.65	5 379.13^abcdef
	4	23.10	3.34	4.62	42.08	3 197.01^g
	5	22.80	5.13	5.94	46.48	3 924.56f^g
	6	22.80	5.62	5.67	46.33	5 324.68^abcdef
	7	23.25	3.95	6.43	46.26	4 652.52^abcdefg
	8	22.05	4.23	5.35	42.95	4 226.53^defg
	9	22.65	5.75	4.72	42.74	4 510.47^bcdefg
	10	22.35	4.18	5.12	47.57	3 930.36^fg
	11	22.65	6.00	5.67	44.55	5 587.43^abcde

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处理 Treatments	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	播种-出苗 Sowing- Seedling （d）	出苗-现蕾 Seedling- Budding （d）	现蕾-开花 Budding- Flowering （d）	开花-吐絮 Flowering- Boll opening （d）	生育期 Growth stages （d）
正常灌水 Normal irrigation	1	9	46	25	59	131
	2	9	47	23	62	132
	3	10	46	24	59	129
	4	11	44	24	54	122
	5	9	47	25	57	128
	6	10	47	24	58	129
	7	10	48	24	66	138
	8	9	48	22	50	123
	9	9	46	22	57	125
	10	11	46	22	59	127
	11	8	48	21	61	130
水分胁迫 Water stress	1	10	45	24	58	126
	2	9	46	24	58	128
	3	11	46	23	60	128
	4	13	44	23	54	121
	5	10	46	23	56	125
	6	11	46	26	57	128
	7	9	50	22	63	136
	8	8	48	23	51	122
	9	8	46	22	55	123
	10	13	43	25	58	125
	11	9	47	23	59	129

处理 Treatments	品种（系） Cotton varieties （strains）	播种-出苗 Sowing- Seedling （d）	出苗-现蕾 Seedling- Budding （d）	现蕾-开花 Budding- Flowering （d）	开花-吐絮 Flowering- Boll opening （d）	生育期 Growth stages （d）
正常灌水 Normal irrigation	1	9	46	25	59	131
	2	9	47	23	62	132
	3	10	46	24	59	129
	4	11	44	24	54	122
	5	9	47	25	57	128
	6	10	47	24	58	129
	7	10	48	24	66	138
	8	9	48	22	50	123
	9	9	46	22	57	125
	10	11	46	22	59	127
	11	8	48	21	61	130
水分胁迫 Water stress	1	10	45	24	58	126
	2	9	46	24	58	128
	3	11	46	23	60	128
	4	13	44	23	54	121
	5	10	46	23	56	125
	6	11	46	26	57	128
	7	9	50	22	63	136
	8	8	48	23	51	122
	9	8	46	22	55	123
	10	13	43	25	58	125
	11	9	47	23	59	129